第42章

AndIdoubtnotbutmanymenhavebeencontentedtoseethelatetroublesinEnglandoutofanimitationoftheLowCountries，supposingthereneedednomoretogrowrichthantochange，astheyhaddone，theformoftheirgovernment。Fortheconstitutionofman’snatureisofitselfsubjecttodesirenovelty：whenthereforetheyareprovokedtothesamebytheneighbourhoodalsoofthosethathavebeenenrichedbyit，itisalmostimpossibletobecontentwiththosethatsolicitthemtochange；andlovethefirstbeginnings，thoughtheybegrievedwiththecontinuanceofdisorder；likehotbloodsthat，havinggottentheitch，tearthemselveswiththeirownnailstilltheycanendurethesmartnolonger。

Andastorebellioninparticularagainstmonarchy，oneofthemostfrequentcausesofitisthereadingofthebooksofpolicyandhistoriesoftheancientGreeksandRomans；fromwhichyoungmen，andallothersthatareunprovidedoftheantidoteofsolidreason，receivingastronganddelightfulimpressionofthegreatexploitsofwarachievedbytheconductorsoftheirarmies，receivewithalapleasingideaofalltheyhavedonebesides；andimaginetheirgreatprosperitynottohaveproceededfromtheemulationofparticularmen，butfromthevirtueoftheirpopularformofgovernmentnotconsideringthefrequentseditionsandcivilwarsproducedbytheimperfectionoftheirpolicy。Fromthereading，Isay，ofsuchbooks，menhaveundertakentokilltheirkings，becausetheGreekandLatinwritersintheirbooksanddiscoursesofpolicymakeitlawfulandlaudableforanymansotodo，providedbeforehedoithecallhimtyrant。Fortheysaynotregicide，thatis，killingofaking，buttyrannicide，thatis，killingofatyrant，islawful。FromthesamebookstheythatliveunderamonarchconceiveantheopinionthatthesubjectsinapopularCommonwealthenjoyliberty，butthatinamonarchytheyareallslaves。Isay，theythatliveunderamonarchyconceivesuchanopinion；notthattheyliveunderapopulargovernment：fortheyfindnosuchmatter。Insum，Icannotimaginehowanythingcanbemoreprejudicialtoamonarchythantheallowingofsuchbookstobepubliclyread，withoutpresentapplyingsuchcorrectivesofdiscreetmastersasarefittotakeawaytheirvenom：whichvenomIwillnotdoubttocomparetothebitingofamaddog，whichisadiseasethatphysicianscallhydrophobia，orfearofwater。Forashethatissobittenhasacontinualtormentofthirst，andyetabhorrethwater；andisinsuchanestateasifthepoisonendeavouredtoconverthimintoadog；sowhenamonarchyisoncebittentothequickbythosedemocraticalwritersthatcontinuallysnarlatthatestate，itwantethnothingmorethanastrongmonarch，whichneverthelessoutofacertaintyrannophobia，orfearofbeingstronglygoverned，whentheyhavehim，theyabhor。

Astherehavebeendoctorsthatholdtherebethreesoulsinaman；sotherebealsothatthinktheremaybemoresouls，thatis，moresovereigns，thanoneinaCommonwealth；andsetupasupremacyagainstthesovereignty；canonsagainstlaws；andaghostlyauthorityagainstthecivil；workingonmen’smindswithwordsanddistinctionsthatofthemselvessignifynothing，butbewray，bytheirobscurity，thattherewalketh(assomethinkinvisibly)

anotherkingdom，asitwereakingdomoffairies，inthedark。NowseeingitismanifestthatthecivilpowerandthepoweroftheCommonwealthisthesamething；andthatsupremacy，andthepowerofmakingcanons，andgrantingfaculties，impliethaCommonwealth；itfolloweththatwhereoneissovereign，anothersupreme；whereonecanmakelaws，andanothermakecanons；theremustneedsbetwoCommonwealths，ofoneandthesamesubjects；whichisakingdomdividedinitself，andcannotstand。Fornotwithstandingtheinsignificantdistinctionoftemporalandghostly，theyarestilltwokingdoms，andeverysubjectissubjecttotwomasters。Forseeingtheghostlypowerchallengeththerighttodeclarewhatissin，itchallengethbyconsequencetodeclarewhatislaw，sinbeingnothingbutthetransgressionofthelaw；andagain，thecivilpowerchallengingtodeclarewhatislaw，everysubjectmustobeytwomasters，whobothwillhavetheircommandsbeobservedaslaw，whichisimpossible。Or，ifitbebutonekingdom，eitherthecivi