John Stuart Mill

第54章

1。SeeMemoirbyMrsAustinprefixedtotheeditionofhisLectures,editedbyMrR。Campbell(1869)。

2。Jurisprudence,p。701。

3。ForAustin’sadmirationofHobbesseeespeciallythelongnoteinJurisprudence,p。186,etc。

4。Jurisprudence,p。238。

5。Ibid。p。791。

6。Jurisprudence,p。336。

7。Cp。Mill’sDissertations,iii,237,etc。

8。Jurisprudence,p。330。

9。Jurisprudence,p。303。AustinmakescertainqualificationswhichIneednotnotice。

10。AustinrefershisreaderstoBrown’sessayon’CauseandEffect’;andtakesBrowntohaveproved’beyondcontroversy’thatthefacultycalledthe’will’isjustnothingatall——

Jurisprudence,pp。424-25。

11。MilltouchesthispointcharacteristicallyinhisreviewofAustin,butdoesnotdiscussthevalidityofthelogic。

12。EdinburghReview,October,1861。

13。Mill’sDissertations,iii,206-74,fromEdin。Rev。ofOct。

1863。

14。ForLewisseeespeciallytheveryinterestingarticleinBagehot’sWorks(byForrestMorgan),1891,iii,222-68。HischiefpoliticaltreatiseisATreatiseonMethods’ofReasoningandObservationinPolitics(1852)。

15。MethodsofObservation,etc。,i,448。

16。Ibid,i。,357。

17。Ibid。,ii,356。

18。Ibid。,ii。370。

19。MrsGrote’sPersonalHistoryofGeorgeGroteisneitheradequatenorquireaccurate。CompareaveryusefullifebyG。

CroomRobertsoninDictionaryofNationalBiography,andthearticleintheEncyclopaediaBritannicabyWilliamSmith。

20。Bain’sJ。S。Mill,p。83。

21。MrsGrote’sPhilosophicalRadicalsof1832(1866),p。28。

22。IntroductiontotheStudyofHistory(EnglishTranslation,1898),p。310。

23。Buckle’sLife,byAlfredHenryHuth,appearedin1880。Ihavealsotocallattentiontotheveryableandlearnedwork,BuckleandhisCritics,byJohnMackinnonRobertson(1895)。MrRobertsonpassesaseverejudgmentuponacriticismofBucklewhichI

contributedtotheFortnightlyReviewforMay1880,andtakestheopportunityofpointingoutsomeofmymanifoldshortcomings。

Thoughhistoneisnotsuchastomakeanapologyeasy,Imuststatemypositionfrankly。MrRobertsonpointsoutthemeasurelessinferiorityofabookofmineupontheeighteenthcenturytoBuckle’sgreatperformance。Hethinks,too,thatmyattackwas’unchivalrous’consideringthepatheticcircumstancesofBuckle’sdeath,andthefactthathiswork’seemedtobesufficientlydiscreditedalready。’NowIcanquiteagreeupononepoint。ItneverenteredbyheadtocomparemyownabilitieswithBuckle’s。Icouldnotmorehaverivalledhishistorythanhaveencounteredhimatchess。Itisimpossibletospeakmorestrongly。Why,then,didIpresumetocriticise?BecauseIwasnotgivingmyownunaidedopinion。Ihadbeeninterestedbyaproblem。LikeallyoungmenofmytimeIhadbeenimpressedbythecontroversialstormwhichfollowedthepublicationofBuckle’sbook,andbythatwhichsoonafterwardswasrousedbythepublicationofDarwin’sOriginofSpecies。Manyyearslater,whenBuckle’sLifeappeared,Iwasstruckbyacontrast。Darwin’sspeculationshadaffectedeverydepartmentofthought,andhisinfluencewasstillspreading。Buckle’s,ontheotherhand,had

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