第46章

19。Liberty，p。32。

20。Ibid。，p。7。

21。Humboldt’sSphereandDutiesofGovernmentwastranslatedbyJosephCoulthardin1854。Thoughoriginallywrittenin1791itdidnotappearinacompleteformtillpublishedinthecollectededitionofhisworksbyhisbrotherAlexanderin1852。ThebookshowstheinfluenceofKantandRousseau。Humboldtwasatatimeakindofphilosophicalantimonianobjectingtoallexternallawasinjurioustospontaneousspiritualdevelopment。Marriageshouldbelefttoindividualcontract，because，’wherelawhasimposednofettersmoralitymostsurelybinds。’InBentham’sphrase’externalsanctions’weakentheinternal。Thestateshouldprovide’security，’andleavereligionandmoralitytothemselves。Humboldt’sphilosophyisnotMill’s，thoughonmostpointsthepracticalapplicationcoincides。

22。ItwouldbecurioustocompareMill’stheorywiththeveryinterestingbooksinwhichM。Tardehasshownthevastimportanceof’imitation’insociology。

23。Mill，inhisRepresentativeGovernment(p。17)，arguesthattheHebrewprophetsdischargedthefunctionsofmodernlibertyofthepress；andthattheJewswerethereforethe’mostprogressivepeopleofantiquity’aftertheGreeks。Still，their’culture’washardlysowide。

24。Liberty，p。41。

25。PoliticalEconomy，bk。iv。ch。I，section2。

26。Seechap。v。

27。RepresentativeGovernment，p。45。

28。Ibid。，p。104。

29。RepresentativeGovernment，p。5。

30。Coleridge，heobserves，hadalsodistinguished’permanence’

and’progression。’——RepresentativeGovernment。p。8。

31。SeePhilosophiePositive，iv，318，etc。

32。AugusteComteandPositivism(reprintedfromtheWestministerReview，1865)p。36。

33。RepresentativeGovernment，p。14。

3