第36章

Itmayberemarked——first，thatwehadthesameConstitutionthenasnow；secondly，thatwethenhadacaseofinvasion，andnowwehaveacaseofrebellion；and，thirdly，thatthepermanentrightofthepeopletopublicdiscussion，thelibertyofspeechandofthepress，thetrialbyjury，thelawofevidence，andthehabeascorpussufferednodetrimentwhateverbythatconductofGeneralJackson，oritssubsequentapprovalbytheAmericanCongress。

Andyet，letmesaythat，inmyowndiscretion，IdonotknowwhetherIwouldhaveorderedthearrestofMr。Vallandigham。WhileIcannotshifttheresponsibilityfrommyself，Iholdthat，asageneralrule，thecommanderinthefieldisthebetterjudgeofthenecessityinanyparticularcase。OfcourseImustpracticeageneraldirectoryandrevisorypowerinthematter。

Oneoftheresolutionsexpressestheopinionofthemeetingthatarbitraryarrestswillhavetheeffecttodivideanddistractthosewhoshouldbeunitedinsuppressingtherebellion，andIamspecificallycalledontodischargeMr。Vallandigham。Iregardthisas，atleast，afairappealtomeontheexpediencyofexercisingaconstitutionalpowerwhichIthinkexists。InresponsetosuchappealIhavetosay，itgavemepainwhenIlearnedthatMr。

Vallandighamhadbeenarrested(thatis，Iwaspainedthatthereshouldhaveseemedtobeanecessityforarrestinghim)，andthatitwillaffordmegreatpleasuretodischargehimsosoonasIcanbyanymeansbelievethepublicsafetywillnotsufferbyit。

Ifurthersaythat，asthewarprogresses，itappearstome，opinionandaction，whichwereingreatconfusionatfirst，takeshapeandfallintomoreregularchannels，sothatthenecessityforstrongdealingwiththemgraduallydecreases。Ihaveeveryreasontodesirethatitshouldceasealtogether，andfarfromtheleastismyregardfortheopinionsandwishesofthosewho，likethemeetingatAlbany，declaretheirpurposetosustainthegovernmentineveryconstitutionalandlawfulmeasuretosuppresstherebellion。Still，Imustcontinuetodosomuchasmayseemtoberequiredbythepublicsafety。

A。LINCOLN。

TOTHESECRETARYOFTHETREASURY。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，June14，1863。

HON。SECRETARYOFTHETREASURY。

SIR：——Yournoteofthismorningisreceived。Youwillco—operatebytherevenuecuttersunderyourdirectionwiththenavyinarrestingrebeldepredationsonAmericancommerceandtransportationandincapturingrebelsengagedtherein。

ABRAHAMLINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALTYLER。

WARDEPARTMENT，June14，1863。

GENERALTYLER，Martinsburg：

IsMilroyinvestedsothathecannotfallbacktoHarper’sFerry？

A。LINCOLN。

RESPONSETOA"BESIEGED"GENERAL

TELEGRAMTOGENERALTYLER。

WARDEPARTMENT，June14，1863。

GENERALTYLER，Martinsburg：

Ifyouarebesieged，howdoyoudespatchme？Whydidyounotleavebeforebeingbesieged？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALKELLEY。

WASHINGTON，June14，1863。1。27P。M。

MAJOR—GENERALKELLEY，Harper’sFerry：

AretheforcesatWinchesterandMartinsburgmakinganyefforttogettoyou？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALHOOKER。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，June14，1863。3。50P。M。，MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

Sofaraswecanmakeouthere，theenemyhaveMuroysurroundedatWinchester，andTyleratMartinsburg。Iftheycouldholdoutafewdays，couldyouhelpthem？IftheheadofLee’sarmyisatMartinsburgandthetailofitontheplank—roadbetweenFredericksburgandChancellorsville，theanimalmustbeveryslimsomewhere；couldyounotbreakhim？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALR。C。SCHENCK。

WARDEPARTMENT，June14，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALSCHENCK：

GetGeneralMilroyfromWinchestertoHarper’sFerry，ifpossible。

Hewillbe"gobbledup"ifheremains，ifheisnotalreadypastsalvation。

A。LINCOLN，President，UnitedStates。

NEEDSNEWTIRESONHISCARRIAGE

TELEGRAMTOMRS。LINCOLN。

WARDEPARTMENT，June15，1863。

MRS。LINCOLN，Philadelphia，Pa。：

Tolerablywell。Havenotrodeoutmuchyet，buthaveatlastgotnewtiresonthecarriagewheelsandperhapsshallrideoutsoon。

A。LINCOLN。

CALLFOR100，000MILITIATOSERVEFORSIXMONTHS，JUNE15，1863。

BYTHEPRESIDENTOFTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA：

AProclamationWhereasthearmedinsurrectionarycombinationsnowexistinginseveraloftheStatesarethreateningtomakeinroadsintotheStatesofMaryland，WestVirginia，Pennsylvania，andOhio，requiringimmediatelyanadditionalmilitaryforcefortheserviceoftheUnitedStates：

Now，therefore，I，AbrahamLincoln，PresidentoftheUnitedStatesandCommander—in—ChiefoftheArmyandNavythereofandofthemilitiaoftheseveralStateswhencalledintoactualservice，doherebycallintotheserviceoftheUnitedStates100，000militiafromtheStatesfollowing，namely：

>FromtheStateofMaryland，10，000；fromtheStateofPennsylvania，50，000；fromtheStateofOhio，30，000；fromtheStateofWestVirginia，10，000——tobemusteredintotheserviceoftheUnitedStatesforthwithandtoserveforaperiodofsixmonthsfromthedateofsuchmusterintosaidservice，unlesssoonerdischarged；tobemusteredinasinfantry，artillery，andcavalry，inproportionswhichwillbemadeknownthroughtheWarDepartment，whichDepartmentwillalsodesignatetheseveralplacesofrendezvous。Thesemilitiatobeorganizedaccordingtotherulesandregulationsofthevolunteerserviceandsuchordersasmayhereafterbeissued。TheStatesaforesaidwillberespectivelycreditedundertheenrollmentactforthemilitiaservicesenteredunderthisproclamation。Intestimonywhereof……

ABRAHAMLINCOLN

TELEGRAMTOP。KAPPANDOTHERS。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June10，1863

FREDERICKKAPPANDOTHERS，NewYork：

TheGovernorofNewYorkpromisestosendustroops，andifhewishestheassistanceofGeneralFremontandGeneralSigel，oneorboth，hecanhaveit。Ifhedoesnotwishthemitwouldbutbreedconfusionforustosetthemtoworkindependentlyofhim。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALMEAGHER。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June16，1863。

GENERALT。FRANCISMEAGHER，NewYork：

Yourdespatchreceived。Shallbeverygladforyoutoraise3000

IrishtroopsifdonebytheconsentofandinconcertwithGovernorSeymour。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOMRS。LINCOLN。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June16，1863。

MRS。LINCOLN，Philadelphia：

Itisamatterofchoicewithyourselfwhetheryoucomehome。Thereisnoreasonwhyyoushouldnot，thatdidnotexistwhenyouwentaway。Asbearingonthequestionofyourcominghome，IdonotthinktheraidintoPennsylvaniaamountstoanythingatall。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOCOLONELBLISS。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，June16，1863。

COL。WILLIAMS。BLISS，NewYorkHotel：

YourdespatchaskingwhetherIwillaccept"theLoyalBrigadeoftheNorth"isreceived。Ineverheardofthatbrigadebynameanddonotknowwhereitis；yet，presumingitisinNewYork，IsayIwillgladlyacceptit，iftenderedbyandwiththeconsentandapprobationoftheGovernorofthatState。Otherwisenot。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALHOOKER。

WASHINGTON，June16，1863。10P。M。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

Toremoveallmisunderstanding，InowplaceyouinthestrictmilitaryrelationtoGeneralHalleckofacommanderofoneofthearmiestothegeneral—in—chiefofallthearmies。Ihavenotintendeddifferently，butasitseemstobedifferentlyunderstoodI

shalldirecthimtogiveyouordersandyoutoobeythem。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALHOOKER。

WARDEPARTMENTWASHINGTOND。C。，June17，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

Mr。Eckert，superintendentinthetelegraphoffice，assuresmethathehassentandwillsendyoueverythingthatcomestotheoffice。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOJOSHUATEVIS。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，June17，1863。

JOSHUATEVIS，Esq。，U。S。Attorney，Frankfort，Ky。：

AMr。BurknerishereshovingarecordandaskingtobedischargedfromasuitinSanFrancisco，asbailforoneThompson。UnlesstherecordshownmeisdefectivelymadeoutIthinkitcanbesuccessfullydefendedagainst。Pleaseexaminethecasecarefullyand，ifyoushallbeofopinionitcannotbesustained，dismissitandrelievemefromalltroubleaboutit。Pleaseanswer。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGOVERNORTOD。

[Cipher。]

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，June18，1863。

GOVERNORD。TOD，Columbus，O。：

Yoursreceived。Ideeplyregretthatyouwerenotrenominated，notthatIhaveaughtagainstMr。Brough。Onthecontrary，likeyourself，Isayhurrahforhim。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALDINGMAN。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June18，1863。

GENERALA。DINGMAN，Belleville，C。W。：

ThanksforyourofferoftheFifteenthBattalion。IdonotthinkWashingtonisindanger。

A。LINCOLN

TOB。B。MALHIOTANDOTHERS。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，June19，1863。

MESSRS。B。B。MALHIOT，BRADISHJOHNSON，ANDTHOMASCOTTMAN。

GENTLEMEN：——Yourletter，whichfollows，hasbeenreceivedandConsidered。

"Theundersigned，acommitteeappointedbytheplantersoftheStateofLouisiana，respectfullyrepresentthattheyhavebeendelegatedtoseekoftheGeneralGovernmentafullrecognitionofalltherightsoftheStateastheyexistedprevioustothepassageofanactofsecession，upontheprincipleoftheexistenceoftheStateconstitutionunimpaired，andnolegalacthavingtranspiredthatcouldinanywaydeprivethemoftheadvantagesconferredbythatconstitution。UnderthisconstitutiontheStatewishestoreturntoitsfullallegiance，intheenjoymentofallrightsandprivilegesexercisedbytheotherStatesundertheFederalConstitution。Withtheviewofaccomplishingthedesiredobject，wefurtherrequestthatyourExcellencywill，ascommander—in—chiefofthearmyoftheUnitedStates，directtheMilitaryGovernorofLouisianatoorderanelection，inconformitywiththeconstitutionandlawsoftheState，onthefirstMondayofNovembernext，forallStateandFederalofficers。

"Withhighconsiderationandresect，wehavethehonortosubscribeourselves，"Yourobedientservants，E。E。MALHIOT。

BRADISHJOHNSON。

THOMASCOTTMAN。"

Sincereceivingtheletter，reliableinformationhasreachedmethatarespectableportionoftheLouisianapeopledesiretoamendtheirStateconstitution，andcontemplateholdingaStateconventionforthatobject。Thisfactalone，asitseemstome，isasufficientreasonwhytheGeneralGovernmentshouldnotgivethecommittalyouseektotheexistingStateconstitution。Imayaddthat，whileIdonotperceivehowsuchcommittalcouldfacilitateourmilitaryoperationsinLouisiana，Ireallyapprehenditmightbesousedastoembarrassthem。

AstoanelectiontobeheldnextNovember，thereisabundanttimewithoutanyorderorproclamationfrommejustnow。ThepeopleofLouisianashallnotlackanopportunityforafairelectionforbothFederalandStateofficersbywantofanythingwithinmypowertogivethem。

Yourobedientservant，A。LINCOLN。

TOGENERALJ。M。SCHOFIELD。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON

June22，1863。

GENERALJOHNM。SCHOFIELD。

MYDEARSIR：——Yourdespatch，askinginsubstancewhether，incaseMissourishalladoptgradualemancipation，theGeneralGovernmentwillprotectslaveownersinthatspeciesofpropertyduringtheshorttimeitshallbepermittedbytheStatetoexistwithinit，hasbeenreceived。DesirousasIamthatemancipationshallbeadoptedbyMissouri，andbelievingasIdothatgradualcanbemadebetterthanimmediateforbothblackandwhite，exceptwhenmilitarynecessitychangesthecase，myimpulseistosaythatsuchprotectionwouldbegiven。Icannotknowexactlywhatshapeanactofemancipationmaytake。Iftheperiodfromtheinitiationtothefinalendshouldbecomparativelyshort，andtheactshouldpreventpersonsbeingsoldduringthatperiodintomorelastingslavery，thewholewouldbeeasier。IdonotwishtopledgetheGeneralGovernmenttotheaffirmativesupportofeventemporaryslaverybeyondwhatcanbefairlyclaimedundertheConstitution。Isuppose，however，thisisnotdesired，butthatitisdesiredforthemilitaryforceoftheUnitedStates，whileinMissouri，tonotbeusedinsubvertingthetemporarilyreservedlegalrightsinslavesduringtheprogressofemancipation。ThisIwoulddesirealso。IhaveveryearnestlyurgedtheslaveStatestoadoptemancipation；anditoughttobe，andis，anobjectwithmenottooverthroworthwartwhatanyofthemmayingoodfaithdotothatend。Youarethereforeauthorizedtoactinthespiritofthisletterinconjunctionwithwhatmayappeartobethemilitarynecessitiesofyourdepartment。

Althoughthisletterwillbecomepublicatsometime，itisnotintendedtobemadesonow。

Yourstruly，A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALJ。HOOKER。

WASHINGTON，June22，1863

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

OperatoratLeesburgjustnowsays："IheardverylittlefiringthisA。M。aboutdaylight，butitseemstohavestoppednow。Itwasinaboutthesamedirectionasyesterday，butfartheroff。"

A。LINCOLN。

TOSECRETARYOFWAR。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，June23，1863。

HON。SECRETARYOFWAR：

YourememberthatHon。W。D。KellyandothersareengagedinraisingortryingtoraisesomecoloredregimentsinPhiladelphia。Thebearerofthis，WiltonM。Huput，isafriendofJudgeKelly，asappearsbytheletterofthelatter。Heisaprivateinthe112thPenn。andhasbeendisappointedinareasonableexpectationofoneofthesmalleroffices。Henowwantstobealieutenantinoneofthecoloredregiments。IfJudgeKellywillsayinwritinghewishestosohavehim，Iamwillingforhimtobedischargedfromhispresentposition，andbesoappointed。Ifyouapprove，soindorseandlethimcarrythelettertoKellyYourstruly，A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOMAJORVANVLIET。

[Cipher。]

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June23，1863。

MAJORVANVLIET，NewYork：

HaveyouanyideawhatthenewsisinthedespatchofGeneralBankstoGeneralHalleck？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALCOUCH。

WARDEPARTMENT，June24，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALCOUCH，Harrisburg，Pa。：

HaveyouanyreportsoftheenemymovingintoPennsylvania？Andifany，what？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALDIX。

WASHINGTON，June24，1863

MAJOR—GENERALDix，Yorktown，Va。：

WehaveadespatchfromGeneralGrantofthe19th。Don’tthinkKirbySmithtookMilliken’sBendsince，allowingtimetogetthenewstoJoeJohnstonandfromhimtoRichmond。Butitisnotabsolutelyimpossible。AlsohavenewsfromBankstothe16th，Ithink。Hehadnotrunawaythen，northoughtofit。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALPECK。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June25，1863。

GENERALPECK，Suffolk，Va。：

ColonelDerrom，oftheTwenty—fifthNewJerseyVolunteers，nowmusteredout，saysthereisamaninyourhandsunderconvictionfordesertion，whoformerlybelongedtotheabovenamedregiment，andwhosenameisTempleton——IsaacF。Templeton，Ibelieve。TheColonelandothersappealtomeforhim。Pleasetelegraphtomewhatistheconditionofthecase，andifhehasnotbeenexecutedsendmetherecordofthetrialandconviction。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALSLOCUM。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June25，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALSLOCUM，Leesburg，Va。：

WasWilliamGruvier，CompanyA，Forty—sixth，Pennsylvania，oneofthemenexecutedasadeserterlastFriday？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALHOOKER。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June27，1863。8A。M。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

Itdidnotcomefromthenewspapers，nordidIbelieveit，butI

wishedtobeentirelysureitwasafalsehood。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALBURNSIDE。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，June28，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALBURNSIDE，Cincinnati，O。：

ThereisnothinggoingoninKentuckyonthesubjectofwhichyoutelegraph，exceptanenrolment。Beforeanythingisdonebeyondthis，IwilltakecaretounderstandthecasebetterthanInowdo。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGOVERNORBOYLE。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June28，1863。

GOVERNORJ。T。BOYLE，Cincinnati，O。：

ThereisnothinggoingoninKentuckyonthesubjectofwhichyoutelegraph，exceptanenrolment。Beforeanythingisdonebeyondthis，IwilltakecaretounderstandthecasebetterthanInowdo。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALSCHENCK。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，D。C。，June28，1863。

MAJORGENERALSCHENCK，Baltimore，Md。：

EveryplaceintheNavalschoolsubjecttomyappointmentisfull，andIhaveoneunredeemedpromiseofmorethanhalfayear’sstanding。

A。LINCOLN。

FURTHERDEMOCRATICPARTYCRITICISM

TOM。BIRCHARDANDOTHERS。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，June29，1863。

MESSRS。M。BIRCHARD，DAVIDA。HOUK，etal：

GENTLEMEN：——TheresolutionsoftheOhioDemocraticStateconvention，whichyoupresentme，togetherwithyourintroductoryandclosingremarks，beinginpositionandargumentmainlythesameastheresolutionsoftheDemocraticmeetingatAlbany，NewYork，Ireferyoutomyresponsetothelatterasmeetingmostofthepointsintheformer。

Thisresponseyouevidentlyusedinpreparingyourremarks，andI

desirenomorethanthatitbeusedwithaccuracy。Inasinglereadingofyourremarks，Ionlydiscoveredoneinaccuracyinmatter，whichIsupposeyoutookfromthatpaper。Itiswhereyousay："TheundersignedareunabletoagreewithyouintheopinionyouhaveexpressedthattheConstitutionisdifferentintimeofinsurrectionorinvasionfromwhatitisintimeofpeaceandpublicsecurity。"

ArecurrencetothepaperwillshowyouthatIhavenotexpressedtheopinionyousuppose。IexpressedtheopinionthattheConstitutionisdifferentinitsapplicationincasesofrebellionorinvasion，involvingthepublicsafety，fromwhatitisintimesofprofoundpeaceandpublicsecurity；andthisopinionIadhereto，simplybecause，bytheConstitutionitself，thingsmaybedoneintheonecasewhichmaynotbedoneintheother。

Idisliketowasteawordonamerelypersonalpoint