第35章

ABRAHAMLINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALW。S。ROSECRANS。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，APRIL23，186310。10amMAJOR—GENERALROSECRANS，Murfreesborough，Tenn。：

Yourdespatchofthe21streceived。IreallycannotsaythatIhaveheardanycomplaintofyou。IhaveheardcomplaintofapolicecorpsatNashville，butyournamewasnotmentionedinconnectionwithit，sofarasIremember。Itmaybethatbyinferenceyouareconnectedwithit，butmyattentionhasneverbeendrawntoitinthatlight。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALJ。HOOKER。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，April27，1863。3。30P。M。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

Howdoesitlooknow？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGOVERNORCURTIN。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTON，April28，1863。

HON。A。O。CURTIN，Harrisburg，Penn。：

IdonotthinkthepeopleofPennsylvaniashouldbeuneasyaboutaninvasion。DoubtlessasmallforceoftheenemyisflourishingaboutinthenorthernpartofVirginia，onthe"skewhorn"principle，onpurposetodivertusinanotherquarter。Ibelieveitisnothingmore。Wethinkwehaveadequateforcecloseafterthem。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOW。A。NEWELL。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，April29，1863。

HON。W。A。NEWELL，Allentown，N。J。：

Ihavesometroubleaboutprovost—marshalinyourfirstdistrict。

PleaseprocureHON。Mr，Starrtocomewithyouandseeme，orcometoanagreementwithhimandtelegraphmetheresult。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGOVERNORCURTIN，EXECUTIVEMANSION，MAY1，1863

GOVERNORCURTIN，Harrisburg，Penn。：

ThewholedisposableforceatBaltimoreandelsewhereinreachhavealreadybeensentaftertheenemywhichalarmsyou。TheworstthingtheenemycoulddoforhimselfwouldbetoweakenhimselfbeforeHooker，andthereforeitissafetobelieveheisnotdoingit；andthebestthinghecoulddoforhimselfwouldbetogetussoscaredastobringpartofHooker’sforceaway，andthatisjustwhatheistryingtodo。Iwilltelegraphyouinthemorningaboutcallingoutthemilitia。

A。LINCOLN，TELEGRAMTOGOVERNORCURTIN

EXECUTIVEMANSION，MAY2，1863

GOVERNORCURTIN，Harrisburg，Penn。：

GeneralHallecktellsmehehasadespatchfromGeneralSchenckthismorning，informinghimthatourforceshavejoined，andthattheenemymenacingPennsylvaniawillhavetofightorruntoday。IhopeIamnotlessanxioustodomydutytoPennsylvaniathanyourself，butIreallydonotyetseethejustificationforincurringthetroubleandexpenseofcallingoutthemilitia。Ishallkeepwatch，andtrytodomyduty。

A。LINCOLN

P。S。——OurforcesareexactlybetweentheenemyandPennsylvania。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALD。BUTTERFIELD。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，May3，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALBUTTERFIELD，ChiefofStaff：

ThePresidentthanksyouforyourtelegrams，andhopesyouwillkeephimadvisedasrapidlyasanyinformationreachesyou。

EDWINM。STANTON，SecretaryofWar。

GENERALSLOST

TELEGRAMTOGENERALD。BUTTERFIELD。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，May3，1863。4。35P。M。

MAJOR—GENERALBUTTERFIELD：

WhereisGeneralHooker？WhereisSedgwickWhereisStoneman？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALJ。HOOKER。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，May4，1863。3。10PM。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

WehavenewsherethattheenemyhasreoccupiedheightsaboveFredericksburg。Isthatso？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALBURNSIDE。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，May4，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALBURN5IDE，Cincinnati，O。：

OurfriendGeneralSigelclaimsthatyouowehimaletter。Ifyousorememberpleasewritehimatonce。Heishere。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALHOOKER。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，May6，1863。2。25。P。M。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

WehavethroughGeneralDixthecontentsofRichmondpapersofthe5th。GeneralDix’sdespatchinfullisgoingtoyoubyCaptainFoxofthenavy。ThesubstanceisGeneralLee’sdespatchofthe3d(Sunday)，claimingthathehadbeatenyouandthatyouwerethenretreatingacrosstheRappahannock，distinctlystatingthattwoofLongstreet’sdivisionsfoughtyouonSaturday，andthatGeneral[E。

F。]Paxtonwaskilled，StonewallJacksonseverelywounded，andGeneralsHethandA。P。Hillslightlywounded。TheRichmondpapersalsostated，uponwhatauthoritynotmentioned，thatourcavalryhavebeenatAshland，HanoverCourt—House，andotherpoints，destroyingseverallocomotivesandagooddealofotherproperty，andalltherailroadbridgestowithinfivemilesofRichmond。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALHOOKER

WASHINGTON，D。C。，May6，1863。12。30P。M。

JustasItelegraphedyoucontentsofRichmondpapersshowingthatourcavalryhasnotfailed，IreceivedGeneralButterfield’sof11

A。M。yesterday。This，withthegreatrainofyesterdayandlastnightsecuringyourrightflank，Ithinkputsanewfaceuponyourcase；butyoumustbethejudge。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOCOLONELR。INGALLS。

WASHINGTON，D。C。，May6，18631。45PM

COLONELINGALLS：

NewshasgonetoGeneralHookerwhichmaychangehisplans。Actinviewofsuchcontingency。

A。LINCOLN。

TOGENERALJ。HOOKER。

HEADQUARTERSARMYOFTHEPOTOMAC，May7，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER。

MYDEARSIR：——Therecentmovementofyourarmyisendedwithouteffectingitsobject，except，perhaps，someimportantbreakingsoftheenemy’scommunications。Whatnext？Ifpossible，Iwouldbeverygladofanothermovementearlyenoughtogiveussomebenefitfromthefactoftheenemy’scommunicationbeingbroken；butneitherforthisreasonnoranyotherdoIwishanythingdoneindesperationorrashness。Anearlymovementwouldalsohelptosupersedethebadmoraleffectoftherecertain，whichissaidtobeconsiderablyinjurious。Haveyoualreadyinyourmindaplanwhollyorpartiallyformed？Ifyouhave，prosecuteitwithoutinterferencefromme。Ifyouhavenot，pleaseinformme，sothatI，incompetentasImaybe，cantryandassistintheformationofsomeplanforthearmy。

Yoursasever，A。LINCOLN。

DRAFTINGOFALIENS

PROCLAMATIONCONCERNINGALIENS，MAY8，1863。

BYTHEPRESIDENTOFTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA：

AProclamationWhereastheCongressoftheUnitedStates，atitslastsession，enactedalawentitled"Anactforenrollingandcallingoutthenationalforcesandforotherpurposes，"whichwasapprovedonthe3ddayofMarchlast；andWhereasitisrecitedinthesaidactthattherenowexistsintheUnitedStatesaninsurrectionandrebellionagainsttheauthoritythereof，anditis，undertheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates，thedutyofthegovernmenttosuppressinsurrectionandrebellion，toguaranteetoeachStatearepublicanformofgovernment，andtopreservethepublictranquillity；andWhereasforthesehighpurposesamilitaryforceisindispensable，toraiseandsupportwhichallpersonsOughtwillinglytocontribute；

andWhereasnoservicecanbemorepraiseworthyandhonorablethanthatwhichisrenderedforthemaintenanceoftheConstitutionandtheUnion，andtheconsequentpreservationoffreegovernment；andWhereas，forthereasonsthusrecited，itwasenactedbythesaidstatutethatallable—bodiedmalecitizensoftheUnitedStates，andpersonsofforeignbirthwhoshallhavedeclaredonoaththeirintentiontobecomecitizensunderandinpursuanceofthelawsthereof，betweentheagesoftwentyandforty—fiveyears(withcertainexceptionsnotnecessarytobeherementioned)，aredeclaredtoconstitutethenationalforces，andshallbeliabletoperformmilitarydutyintheserviceoftheUnitedStateswhencalledoutbythePresidentforthatpurpose；andWhereasitisclaimedbyandinbehalfofpersonsofforeignbirthwithintheagesspecifiedinsaidact，whohaveheretoforedeclaredonoaththeirintentionstobecomecitizensunderandinpursuanceofthelawsoftheUnitedStates，andwhohavenotexercisedtherightofsuffrageoranyotherpoliticalfranchiseunderthelawsoftheUnitedStates，orofanyoftheStatesthereof，thattheyarenotabsolutelyconcludedbytheiraforesaiddeclarationofintentionfromrenouncingtheirpurposetobecomecitizens，andthat，onthecontrary，suchpersonsundertreatiesorthelawofnationsretainarighttorenouncethatpurposeandtoforegotheprivilegesofcitizenshipandresidencewithintheUnitedStatesundertheobligationsimposedbytheaforesaidactofCongress：

Now，therefore，toavoidallmisapprehensionsconcerningtheliabilityofpersonsconcernedtoperformtheservicerequiredbysuchenactment，andtogiveitfulleffect，IdoherebyorderandproclaimthatnopleaofalienagewillbereceivedorallowedtoexemptfromtheobligationsimposedbytheaforesaidactofCongressanypersonofforeignbirthwhoshallhavedeclaredonoathhisintentiontobecomeacitizenoftheUnitedStatesunderthelawsthereof，andwhoshallbefoundwithintheUnitedStatesatanytimeduringthecontinuanceofthepresentinsurrectionandrebellion，atoraftertheexpirationoftheperiodofsixty—fivedaysfromthedateofthisproclamation；norshallanysuchpleaofalienagebeallowedinfavorofanysuchpersonwhohasso，asaforesaid，declaredhisintentiontobecomeacitizenoftheUnitedStates，andshallhaveexercisedatanytimetherightofsuffrage，oranyotherpoliticalfranchise，withintheUnitedStates，underthelawsthereof，orunderthelawsofanyoftheseveralStates。

Inwitnesswhereof，Ihavehereuntosetmyhand，andcausedthesealoftheUnitedStatestobeaffixed。

DoneatthecityofWashington，thiseighthdayofMay，intheyearofourLordonethousandeighthundredandsixty—three，andoftheindependenceoftheUnitedStatestheeighty—seventh。

ABRAHAMLINCOLN。

BythePresident：

WILLIAMH。SEWARD

TELEGRAMTOGENERALJ。HOOKER。

WASHINGTON，D。C。May8，1863。4P。M。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER：

ThenewsishereofthecapturebyourforcesofGrandGulf——alargeandveryimportantthing。GeneralWillich，anexchangedprisonerjustfromRichmond，hastalkedwithmethismorning。Hewastherewhenourcavalrycuttheroadsinthatvicinity。HesaystherewasnotasoundpairoflegsinRichmond，andthatourmen，hadtheyknownit，couldhavesafelygoneinandburnedeverythingandbroughtinJeffDavis。Wecapturedandparoled300or400men。HesaysashecametoCityPointtherewasanarmythreemileslong(Longstreet’s，hethought)movingtowardRichmond。

MuroyhascapturedadespatchofGeneralLee，inwhichhesayshislosswasfearfulinhislastbattlewithyou。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALJ。A。DIX。

WARDEPARTMENT，May9，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALDIX：

ItisveryimportantforHookertoknowexactlywhatdamageisdonetotherailroadsatallpointsbetweenFredericksburgandRichmond。

AsyetwehavenowordastowhetherthecrossingsoftheNorthandSouthAnna，oranyofthem，havebeentouched。TherearefouroftheseCrossings；thatis，oneoneachroadoneachstream。Youreadilyperceivewhythisinformationisdesired。IsupposeKilpatrickorDaviscantell。Pleaseascertainfullywhatwasdone，andwhatisthepresentcondition，asnearasyoucan，andadvisemeatonce。

A。LINCOLN。

TOSECRETARYSEWARD。

WASHINGTON，May9，1863

IbelieveMr。L。isagoodman，buttwothingsneedtoberemembered。

1st。Mr。R。’srivalwasarelativeofMr。L。

2d。IhearofnobodycallingMr。R。a"Copperhead，"butMr。L。

However，letuswatch。

A。L。

TOSECRETARYSTANTON。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，MAY11，1863

HON。SECRETARYOFWAR。

DEARSIR：——IhaveagainconcludedtorelieveGeneralCurtis。Iseenootherwaytoavoidtheworstconsequencesthere。IthinkofGeneralSchofieldashissuccessor，butIdonotwishtotakethematterofasuccessoroutofthehandsofyourselfandGeneralHalleck。

Yourstruly，A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALDIX。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTONCITY，May11，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALDIX：

DotheRichmondpapershaveanythingaboutGrandGulforVicksburg？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGENERALBUTTERFIELD。

[Cipher。]

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTONCITY，May11，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALBUTTERFIELD：

AboutwhatdistanceisitfromtheobservatorywestoppedatlastThursdaytothelineofenemies’worksyourangedtheglassuponforme？

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOGOVERNORSEYMOUR

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，May12，1863。

GOVERNORSEYMOUR，Albany，N。Y。：

Dr。SwinburneandMr。Gillettarehere，havingbeenrefused，astheysay，bytheWarDepartment，permissiontogototheArmyofthePotomac。Theynowappealtome，sayingyouwishthemtogo。I

supposetheyhavebeenexcludedbyarulewhichexperiencehasinducedthedepartmenttodeemproper；stilltheyshallhaveleavetogo，ifyousayyoudesireit。Pleaseanswer。

A。LINCOLN

TELEGRAMTOA。G。HENRY。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTONMay13，1863。

Dr。A。G。HENRY，MetropolitanHotel，NewYork：

GovernorChase’sfeelingswerehurtbymyactioninhisabsence。

Smithisremoved，butGovernorChasewishestonamehissuccessor，andasksadayortwotomakethedesignation。

A。LINCOLN。

TOGENERALJ。HOOKER。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，D。C。

May14，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALHOOKER，Commanding。

MYDEARSIR：——WhenIwroteonthe7th，Ihadanimpressionthatpossiblybyanearlymovementyoucouldgetsomeadvantagefromthesupposedfactsthattheenemy’scommunicationsweredisturbedandthathewassomewhatderangedinposition。Thatideahasnowpassedaway，theenemyhavingre—establishedhiscommunications，regainedhispositions，andactuallyreceivedreinforcements。ItdoesnotnowappearprobabletomethatyoucangainanythingbyanearlyrenewaloftheattempttocrosstheRappahannock。Ithereforeshallnotcomplainifyoudonomoreforatimethantokeeptheenemyatbayandoutofothermischiefbymenacesandoccasionalcavalryraids，ifpracticable，andtoputyourownarmyingoodconditionagain。

Still，ifinyourownclearjudgmentyoucanrenewtheattacksuccessfully，Idonotmeantorestrainyou。Bearinguponthislastpoint，ImusttellyouthatIhavesomepainfulintimationsthatsomeofyourcorpsanddivisioncommandersarenotgivingyoutheirentireconfidence。Thiswouldberuinous，iftrue，andyoushouldtherefore，firstofall，ascertaintherealfactsbeyondallpossibilityofdoubt。

Yourstruly，A。LINCOLN。

FACTIONALQUARRELS

TELEGRAMTOH。T。BLOWANDOTHERS。

EXECUTIVEMANSION，WASHINGTON，May15，1863。

HON。H。T。BLOW，C。D。DRAKE，ANDOTHERS，St。Louis，Mo。：

Yourdespatchofto—dayisjustreceived。ItisverypainfultomethatyouinMissouricannotorwillnotsettleyourfactionalquarrelamongyourselves。Ihavebeentormentedwithitbeyondenduranceformonthsbybothsides。Neithersidepaystheleastrespecttomyappealstoyourreason。Iamnowcompelledtotakeholdofthecase。

A。LINCOLN。

TELEGRAMTOJAMESGUTHRIE。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTONCITY，May16，1863。

HON。JAMESGUTHRIE，Louisville，Ky。：

Yourdespatchofto—dayisreceived。IpersonallyknownothingofColonelChurchill，butmonthsagoandmorethanoncehehasbeenrepresentedtomeasexertingamischievousinfluenceatSaintLouis，forwhichreasonIamunwillingtoforcehiscontinuancethereagainstthejudgmentofourfriendsontheground；butifitwillobligeyou，hemaycometoandremainatLouisvilleupontakingtheoathofallegiance，andyourpledgeforhisgoodbehavior。

A。LINCOLN。

TOSECRETARYOFWAR。

WARDEPARTMENT，WASHINGTONCITY，May16，1863。

HON。SECRETARYOFWAR。

MYDEARSIR：——ThecommanderoftheDepartmentatSt。Louishasorderedseveralpersonssouthofourmilitarylines，whichorderisnotdisapprovedbyme。YetatthespecialrequestoftheHON。JamesGuthrieIhaveconsentedtooneofthenumber，SamuelChurchill，remainingatLouisville，Ky。，uponconditionofhistakingtheoathofallegianceandMr。Gutlirie’swordofhonorforhisgoodbehavior。

Yourstruly，A。LINCOLN。

ORDERSSENDINGC。L。VALLANDIGHAMBEYONDMILITARYLINES。

[Cipher。]

UNITEDSTATESMILITARYTELEGRAPH，May10，1863。

BytelegraphfromWashington，9。40PM，1863

TOMAJOR—GENERALBURNSIDE，CommandingDepartmentofOhio。

SIR：——ThePresidentdirectsthatwithoutdelayyousendC。L。

VallandighamundersecureguardtotheHeadquartersofGeneralRosecrans，tobeputbyhimbeyondourmilitarylines；andincaseofhisreturnwithinourlines，hebearrestedandkeptinclosecustodyforthetermspecifiedinhissentence。

ByorderofthePresident：

E。R。S。CANBY，AssistantAdjutant—General。

WARDEPARTMENT，May20，1863。

MAJOR—GENERALA。B。BURNSIDE，CommandingDepartmentofOhio，Cincinnati，O。

Yourdespatchofthreeo’clockthisafternoontotheSecretaryofWarhasbeenreceivedandshowntothePresident。HethinksthebestdispositiontobemadeofVallandighamistoputhimbeyondthelines，asdirectedintheordertransmittedto