WALDEN

第44章

Absolutelyspeaking,themoremoney,thelessvirtue;formoneycomesbetweenamanandhisobjects,andobtainsthemforhim;anditwascertainlynogreatvirtuetoobtainit。Itputstorestmanyquestionswhichhewouldotherwisebetaxedtoanswer;whiletheonlynewquestionwhichitputsisthehardbutsuperfluousone,howtospendit。Thushismoralgroundistakenfromunderhisfeet。

Theopportunitiesoflivingarediminishedinproportionaswhatarecalledthe“means“areincreased。Thebestthingamancandoforhisculturewhenheisrichistoendeavortocarryoutthoseschemeswhichheentertainedwhenhewaspoor。ChristansweredtheHerodiansaccordingtotheircondition。“Showmethetribute-money,“saidhe;——andonetookapennyoutofhispocket;——

ifyouusemoneywhichhastheimageofCaesaronit,andwhichhehasmadecurrentandvaluable,thatis,ifyouaremenoftheState,andgladlyenjoytheadvantagesofCaesar’sgovernment,thenpayhimbacksomeofhisownwhenhedemandsit;“RenderthereforetoCaesarthatwhichisCaesar’s,andtoGodthosethingswhichareGod’s“——leavingthemnowiserthanbeforeastowhichwaswhich;

fortheydidnotwishtoknow。

WhenIconversewiththefreestofmyneighbors,Iperceivethat,whatevertheymaysayaboutthemagnitudeandseriousnessofthequestion,andtheirregardforthepublictranquillity,thelongandtheshortofthematteris,thattheycannotsparetheprotectionoftheexistinggovernment,andtheydreadtheconsequencestotheirpropertyandfamiliesofdisobediencetoit。

Formyownpart,IshouldnotliketothinkthatIeverrelyontheprotectionoftheState。But,ifIdenytheauthorityoftheStatewhenitpresentsitstax-bill,itwillsoontakeandwasteallmyproperty,andsoharassmeandmychildrenwithoutend。Thisishard。Thismakesitimpossibleforamantolivehonestly,andatthesametimecomfortablyinoutwardrespects。Itwillnotbeworththewhiletoaccumulateproperty;thatwouldbesuretogoagain。

Youmusthireorsquatsomewhere,andraisebutasmallcrop,andeatthatsoon。Youmustlivewithinyourself,anddependuponyourselfalwaystuckedupandreadyforastart,andnothavemanyaffairs。AmanmaygrowrichinTurkeyeven,ifhewillbeinallrespectsagoodsubjectoftheTurkishgovernment。Confuciussaid,“Ifastateisgovernedbytheprinciplesofreason,povertyandmiseryaresubjectsofshame;ifastateisnotgovernedbytheprinciplesofreason,richesandhonorsarethesubjectsofshame。“

No:untilIwanttheprotectionofMassachusettstobeextendedtomeinsomedistantSouthernport,wheremylibertyisendangered,oruntilIambentsolelyonbuildingupanestateathomebypeacefulenterprise,IcanaffordtorefuseallegiancetoMassachusetts,andherrighttomypropertyandlife。ItcostsmelessineverysensetoincurthepenaltyofdisobediencetotheStatethanitwouldtoobey。IshouldfeelasifIwereworthlessinthatcase。

Someyearsago,theStatemetmeinbehalfoftheChurch,andcommandedmetopayacertainsumtowardthesupportofaclergymanwhosepreachingmyfatherattended,butneverImyself。“Pay,“itsaid,“orbelockedupinthejail。“Ideclinedtopay。But,unfortunately,anothermansawfittopayit。Ididnotseewhytheschoolmastershouldbetaxedtosupportthepriest,andnotthepriesttheschoolmaster:forIwasnottheState’sschoolmaster,butIsupportedmyselfbyvoluntarysubscription。Ididnotseewhythelyceumshouldnotpresentitstax-bill,andhavetheStatetobackitsdemand,aswellastheChurch。However,attherequestoftheselectmen,Icondescendedtomakesomesuchstatementasthisinwriting:——“Knowallmenbythesepresents,thatI,HenryThoreau,donotwishtoberegardedasamemberofanyincorporatedsocietywhichIhavenotjoined。“ThisIgavetothetownclerk;andhehasit。TheState,havingthuslearnedthatIdidnotwishtoberegardedasamemberofthatchurch,hasnevermadealikedemandonmesince;thoughitsaidthatitmustadheretoitsoriginalpresumptionthattime。IfIhadknownhowtonamethem,IshouldthenhavesignedoffindetailfromallthesocietieswhichIneversignedonto;butIdidnotknowwheretofindacompletelist。

Ihavepaidnopoll-taxforsixyears。Iwasputintoajailonceonthisaccount,foronenight;and,asIstoodconsideringthewallsofsolidstone,twoorthreefeetthi

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