下载辰思小说免费APP
Andisnotamanreproachedforflatteryandmeannesswhosubordinatesthespiritedanimaltotheunrulymonster，and，forthesakeofmoney，ofwhichhecanneverhaveenough，habituateshiminthedaysofhisyouthtobetrampledinthemire，andfrombeingaliontobecomeamonkey？
True，hesaid。
AndwhyaremeanemploymentsandmanualartsareproachOnlybecausetheyimplyanaturalweaknessofthehigherprinciple；theindividualisunabletocontrolthecreatureswithinhim，buthastocourtthem，andhisgreatstudyishowtoflatterthem。
Suchappearstobethereason。
Andtherefore，beingdesirousofplacinghimunderarulelikethatofthebest，wesaythatheoughttobetheservantofthebest，inwhomtheDivinerules；not，asThrasymachussupposed，totheinjuryoftheservant，butbecauseeveryonehadbetterberuledbydivinewisdomdwellingwithinhim；or，ifthisbeimpossible，thenbyanexternalauthority，inorderthatwemaybeall，asfaraspossible，underthesamegovernment，friendsandequals。
True，hesaid。
Andthisisclearlyseentobetheintentionofthelaw，whichistheallyofthewholecity；andisseenalsointheauthoritywhichweexerciseoverchildren，andtherefusaltoletthembefreeuntilwehaveestablishedinthemaprincipleanalogoustotheconstitutionofastate，andbycultivationofthishigherelementhavesetupintheirheartsaguardianandrulerlikeourown，andwhenthisisdonetheymaygotheirways。
Yes，hesaid，thepurposeofthelawismanifest。
Fromwhatpointofview，then，andonwhatgroundcanwesaythatamanisprofitedbyinjusticeorintemperanceorotherbaseness，whichwillmakehimaworseman，eventhoughheacquiremoneyorpowerbyhiswickedness？
Fromnopointofviewatall。
Whatshallheprofit，ifhisinjusticebeundetectedandunpunished？
Hewhoisundetectedonlygetsworse，whereashewhoisdetectedandpunishedhasthebrutalpartofhisnaturesilencedandhumanized；thegentlerelementinhimisliberated，andhiswholesoulisperfectedandennobledbytheacquirementofjusticeandtemperanceandwisdom，morethanthebodyeverisbyreceivinggiftsofbeauty，strengthandhealth，inproportionasthesoulismorehonourablethanthebody。
Certainly，hesaid。
Tothisnoblerpurposethemanofunderstandingwilldevotetheenergiesofhislife。Andinthefirstplace，hewillhonourstudieswhichimpressthesequalitiesonhissoulanddisregardothers？
Clearly，hesaid。
Inthenextplace，hewillregulatehisbodilyhabitandtraining，andsofarwillhebefromyieldingtobrutalandirrationalpleasures，thathewillregardevenhealthasquiteasecondarymatter；hisfirstobjectwillbenotthathemaybefairorstrongorwell，unlessheislikelytherebytogaintemperance，buthewillalwaysdesiresotoattemperthebodyastopreservetheharmonyofthesoul？
Certainlyhewill，ifhehastruemusicinhim。
Andintheacquisitionofwealththereisaprincipleoforderandharmonywhichhewillalsoobserve；hewillnotallowhimselftobedazzledbythefoolishapplauseoftheworld，andheapuprichestohisowninfiniteharm？
Certainlynot，hesaid。
Hewilllookatthecitywhichiswithinhim，andtakeheedthatnodisorderoccurinit，suchasmightariseeitherfromsuperfluityorfromwant；anduponthisprinciplehewillregulatehispropertyandgainorspendaccordingtohismeans。
Verytrue。
And，forthesamereason，hewillgladlyacceptandenjoysuchhonoursashedeemslikelytomakehimabetterman；butthose，whetherprivateorpublic，whicharelikelytodisorderhislife，hewillavoid？
Then，ifthatishismotive，hewillnotbeastatesman。
BythedogofEgypt，hewill！inthecitywhich’shisownhecertainlywill，thoughinthelandofhisbirthperhapsnot，unlesshehaveadivinecall。
Iunderstand；youmeanthathewillbearulerinthecityofwhichwearethefounders，andwhichexistsinideaonly；forIdonotbelievethatthereissuchanoneanywhereonearth？
Inheaven，Ireplied，thereislaidupapatternofit，methinks，whichhewhodesiresmaybehold，andbeholding，maysethisownhouseinorder。Butwhethersuchanoneexists，oreverwillexistinfact，isnomatter；forhewillliveafterthemannerofthatcity，havingnothingtodowithanyother。
Ithinkso，hesaid。
BOOKX
SOCRATES—GLAUCON
OFTHEmanyexcellenceswhichIperceiveintheorderofourState，thereisnonewhichuponreflectionpleasesmebetterthantheruleaboutpoetry。
Towhatdoyourefer？
Totherejectionofimitativepoetry，whichcertainlyoughtnottobereceived；asIseefarmoreclearlynowthatthepartsofthesoulhavebeendistinguished。
Whatdoyoumean？
Speakinginconfidence，forIshouldnotliketohavemywordsrepeatedtothetragediansandtherestoftheimitativetribe——butI
donotmindsayingtoyou，thatallpoeticalimitationsareruinoustotheunderstandingofthehearers，andthattheknowledgeoftheirtruenatureistheonlyantidotetothem。
Explainthepurportofyourremark。
Well，Iwilltellyou，althoughIhavealwaysfrommyearliestyouthhadanaweandloveofHomer，whichevennowmakesthewordsfalteronmylips，forheisthegreatcaptainandteacherofthewholeofthatcharmingtragiccompany；butamanisnottobereverencedmorethanthetruth，andthereforeIwillspeakout。
Verygood，hesaid。
Listentomethen，orrather，answerme。
Putyourquestion。
Canyoutellmewhatimitationis？forIreallydonotknow。
Alikelything，then，thatIshouldknow。
Whynot？forthedullereyemayoftenseeathingsoonerthanthekeener。
Verytrue，hesaid；butinyourpresence，evenifIhadanyfaintnotion，Icouldnotmustercouragetoutterit。Willyouenquireyourself？
Wellthen，shallwebegintheenquiryinourusualmanner：
Wheneveranumberofindividualshaveacommonname，weassumethemtohavealsoacorrespondingideaorform。Doyouunderstandme？
Ido。
Letustakeanycommoninstance；therearebedsandtablesintheworld——plentyofthem，aretherenot？
Yes。
Butthereareonlytwoideasorformsofthem——onetheideaofabed，theotherofatable。
True。
Andthemakerofeitherofthemmakesabedorhemakesatableforouruse，inaccordancewiththeidea——thatisourwayofspeakinginthisandsimilarinstances——butnoartificermakestheideasthemselves：howcouldhe？
Impossible。
Andthereisanotherartist，——Ishouldliketoknowwhatyouwouldsayofhim。
Whoishe？
Onewhoisthemakerofalltheworksofallotherworkmen。
Whatanextraordinaryman！
Waitalittle，andtherewillbemorereasonforyoursayingso。Forthisishewhoisabletomakenotonlyvesselsofeverykind，butplantsandanimals，himselfandallotherthings——theearthandheaven，andthethingswhichareinh
