第5章

"Thisplanmaybeextendedthroughacircularsurfaceofathousandmiles\'radius，andaconstantcommunicationkeptupbetweenthewhole，andinsomeparticularcasesitmayextendeverfarther。WearealsotohopethatGodmayraiseupsomemissionariesinthiscountrywhomaybemorefittedfortheworkthananyfromEnglandcanbe。Atpresentwehavenotconcludedonanything，butwhenBrotherWardcomesdownwehopetodoso，andIthinkonestationmaybefixedonimmediatelywhichBrotherChamberlainmayoccupy。A

latefavourableprovidencewill，Ihope，enableustobegin，viz。，theCollegehavesubscribedfor100copiesofmySanskritGrammar，whichwillbe6400rupeesor800poundssterling。ThemotionwasverygenerouslymadebyH。Colebrooke，Esq。，whoisengagedinasimilarwork，andsecondedbyMessrs。BrownandBuchanan；indeeditmetwithnoopposition。Itwillscarcelybeprintedoffundertwelvemonthsmore，butitisprobablethatthegreatestpartofthemoneywillheadvanced。TheMarathawarandthesubjugationofthecountryofCuttaktotheEnglishmaybeesteemedafavourableeventforthespreadingoftheGospel，andwillcertainlycontributemuchtothecomfortoftheinhabitants。"

TwoyearslaterhethusanticipatestheconsentofthelocalGovernment，inspiteoftheCompany\'sdeterminedhostilityinEngland，buttheVelloremutinypanicledtofurtherdelay：——

"25thDecember1805——IthaslongbeenafavouriteobjectwithmetofixEuropeanbrethrenindifferentpartsofthecountryatabouttwohundredmilesapart，sothateachshallbeabletovisitacircleofahundredmiles\'radius，andwithineachofthecircuitstoplacenativebrethrenatproperdistances，whowill，tilltheyaremoreestablished，beunderthesuperintendenceoftheEuropeanbrethrensituatedinthecentre。Ourbrethrenconcurwithmeinthisplan。

Inconsequenceofthis，IthoughtitwouldbedesirabletohaveleaveofGovernmentforthemtosettle，andpreach，withoutcontrol，inanypartofthecountry。TheGovernmentlookonuswithafavourableeye；andowingtoSirG。Barlow，theGovernor-General，beingupthecountry，Mr。UdnyisVice-PresidentandDeputy-Governor。Ithereforewentonemorning，tookabreakfastwithhim，andtoldhimwhatweweredoingandwhatwewishedtodo。

He，inaveryfriendlymanner，desiredmetostatetohiminaprivateletterallthatwewished，andofferedtocommunicateprivatelywithSirG。Barlowuponthesubject，andinformmeoftheresult。Icalledonhimagainlastweek，whenheinformedmethathehadwrittenuponthesubjectandwaspromisedaspeedyreply。

Godgrantthatitmaybefavourable。IknowthatGovernmentwillallowitiftheirpowersarelargeenough。"

Nottill1810couldCareyreportthat"permissionwasobtainedofGovernmentfortheformingofanewstationatAgra，alargecityinupperHindostan，notfarfromDelhiandthecountryoftheSikhs，"

towhichChamberlainandanassistantweresent。FromthatyeartheBengalbecameonlythefirstof"TheUnitedMissionsinIndia。"

Thesewerefiveinnumber，eachunderitsownseparatebrotherhood，onthesameprinciplesofself-denialastheoriginal，eachaLindisfarnesprungfromtheparentIona。ThesefiveweretheBengal，theBurman，theOrissa，theBhootan，andtheHindostanMissions。

TheBengalmissionwasfourfold——SeramporeandCalcuttareckonedasonestation；theoldDinapoorandSadamahalwhichhadtakentheplaceofMudnabati；Goamalty，nearMalda；Cutwa，anoldtownontheupperwatersoftheHoogli；Jessor，theagriculturalcapitalofitslowerdelta；andafterwardsMonghyr，Berhampore，Moorshedabad，Dacca，Chittagong，andAssam。TheBhootanmissionarieswereplunderedanddrivenout。TheHindostanmissionsoonincludedGaya，Patna，Deegah，Ghazeepore，Benares，Allahabad，Cawnpore，Ajmer，andDelhiitself。FromNagpoor，intheverycentreofIndia，andSurattothenorthofBombay，CareysoughttobringMarathasandGoojarateesundertheyokeofChrist。China，wheretheEastIndiaCompanywasstillmaster，wascaredforbythepress，asweshallsee。NotcontentwiththecontinentofAsia，Carey\'smission，atonceforcedbytheintolerancewhichrefusedtoallownewmissionariestolandinIndiaproper，andledbytheinvitationsofSirStamfordRaffles，extendedtoJavaandAmboyna，Penang，Ceylon，andevenMauritius。Theelaboratereviewoftheirposition，signedbythethreefaithfulmenofSerampore，atthecloseof1817，amazesthereaderatoncebythemagnitudeandvarietyoftheoperations，thechildlikemodestyoftherecord，andtheheroismofthetoilwhichsuppliedthemeans。

AtthetimeoftheorganisationintotheFiveUnitedMissionsthestaffofworkershadgrowntobethirtystrong。FromEnglandtherewereninesurviving：——Carey，Marshman，Ward，Chamberlain，Mardon，Moore，Chater，Rowe，andRobinson。RaisedupinIndiaitselftherewereseven——thetwosonsofCarey，FelixandWilliam；Fernandez，hisfirstconvertatDinapoor；PeacockandCornish，andtwoArmenians，AratoonandPeters；twowereonprobationfortheministry，LeonardandForder。BesidessevenHindooevangelistsalsoonprobation，therewerefivesurvivorsofthebandofconvertscalledfromtimetotimetotheministry——KrishnaPal，thefirst，whoisenteredonthelistas"thebeloved"；KrishnaDass，RamMohun，SeetaRam，andSeetaDass。Carey\'sthirdsonJabezwassoontobecomethemostadvancedofthethreebrothersawayinfarAmboyna。Hisfatherhadlongprayed，andbesoughtotherstopray，thathetoomightbeamissionary。ForthelastfifteenyearsofhislifeJabezwashisclosestandmostvaluedcorrespondent。

Butonlylessdearthanhisownsonstotheheartofthefather，alreadyin1817describedinanofficialletteras"ouragedbrotherCarey，"werethenativemissionariesandpastors，hissonsinthefaith。HesentforththeeducatedPetumberSingh，firstinNovember1802，tohiscountrymenatSooksagar，and"gavehimasuitableandsolemncharge：theopportunitywasverypleasant。"InMay1803

KrishnaPalwassimilarlysetapart。AtthesametimetheyoungBrahman，KrishnaProsad，"deliveredhisfirstsermoninBengali，muchtothesatisfactionofourbrethren。"Sixmonthsafter，WardreportsofhiminDinapoor：——"TheeyesofthepeoplewerefixedlisteningtoProsad；heisbecomingeloquent。"In1804theirsuccessfulprobationresultedintheirformalordinationbyprayerandthelayingonofthehandsofthebrethren，whenCareyaddressedthemfromthedivinewords，"AsmyFatherhathsentmesosendI

you，"andallcommemoratedtheLord\'sdeathtillHecome。KrishnaDasswasimprisonedunjustly，foradebtwhichhehadpaid，but"hedidnotceasetodeclaretothenativemeninpowerthathewasaChristian，whentheygnasheduponhimwiththeirteeth。Hepreachedalmostallnighttotheprisoners，whoheardthewordwitheagerness。"Twoyearsafterhewasordained，CareychargedhimasPaulhadwrittentoTimothy，"inthesightofGodandofChristJesus，whoshalljudgethequickandthedead，"tobeinstantinseasonandoutofseason，toreprove，rebuke，exhortwithalllong-sufferingandteaching。RamMohunwasaBrahman，thefruitofoldPetumber\'sministry，andhadhisabilityasastudentandpreacheroftheScripturesconsecratedtoChristonthedeathofKrishnaProsad，whilethemissionariesthussawagainansweredtheinvocationtheyhadsung，inrudestrains，intheshipwhichbroughtthemtoIndia：——

"BidBrahmanspreachtheheavenlywordBeneaththebanian\'sshade；

OhlettheHindoofeelitspowerAndgracehissoulpervade。"

Soearlyas1806themissionariesthusacknowledgedthevalueoftheworkoftheirnativebrethren，andmadeofallthenativeconvertsaMissionaryChurch。InthedelayandevenfailuretodothisoftheirsuccessorsofallChurchesweseetheoneradicalpointinwhichtheChurchinIndiahasasyetcomeshortofitsdutyanditsprivilege：——

"WehaveavailedourselvesofthehelpofnativebrethreneversincewehadonewhodaredtospeakinthenameofChrist，andtheirexertionshavechieflybeentheimmediatemeansbywhichourchurchhasbeenincreased。Butwehavelatelybeenrevolvingaplanforrenderingtheirlaboursmoreextensivelyuseful；namely，thatofsendingthemout，twoandtwo，withoutanyEuropeanbrother。Itappearedalsoamostdesirableobjecttointerestinthiswork，asmuchaspossible，thewholeofthenativechurchamongus：indeed，wehavehadmuchinthemofthisnaturetocommend。Inorder，then，moreeffectuallytoanswerthispurpose，wecalledanextraordinarymeetingofallthebrethrenonFridayevening，Aug。8，1806，andlaidbeforethemthefollowingideas：——

"1。ThattheintentionoftheSaviour，incallingthemoutofdarknessintomarvellouslight，wasthattheyshouldlabourtotheuttermostinadvancinghiscauseamongtheircountrymen。

"2。Thatitwasthereforetheirindispensableduty，bothcollectivelyandindividually，tostrivebyeverymeanstobringtheircountrymentotheknowledgeoftheSaviour；thatifwe，whowerestrangers，thoughtitourdutytocomefromacountrysodistant，forthispurpose，muchmorewasitincumbentonthemtolabourforthesameend。Thiswasthereforethegrandbusinessofourlives。

"3。Thatifabrotherindischargeofthisdutywentoutfortyorfiftymiles，hecouldnotlabourforhisfamily；itthereforebecamethechurchtosupportsuch，seeingtheywerehinderedfromsupportingthemselves，bygivingthemselveswhollytothatworkinwhichitwasequallythedutyofalltotakeashare。

"4。Wethereforeproposedtounitethesupportofitinerantbrethrenwiththecareofthepoor，andtothrowthembothuponthechurchfund，asbeingboth，atleastinaheathenland，equallythedutyofachurch。

"Everyoneoftheseideasournativebrethrenenteredintowiththegreatestreadinessandthemostcordialapprobation。"

Carey\'sschemesoearlyas1810includednotonlythecapitaloftheGreatMogul，Suratfartothewest，andMarathaNagpoortothesouth，butLahore，whereRanjeetSinghhadconsolidatedtheSikhpower，Kashmeer，andevenAfghanistantowhichhehadsentthePushtooBible。TosetChamberlainfreeforthisenterprisehesenthissecondsonWilliamtorelievehimasmissionaryinchargeofCutwa。"ThiswouldsecurethegradualperfectionoftheversionoftheScripturesintheSikhlanguage，wouldintroducetheGospelamongthepeople，andwouldopenawayforintroducingitintoKashmeer，andeventuallytotheAfghansunderwhosedominionKashmeeratpresentis。"CareyandhistwocolleaguestookpossessionforChristoftheprincipalcentresofHindooandMohammedaninfluenceinIndiaonlybecausetheywereunoccupied，andprovidedtranslationsoftheBibleintotheprincipaltongues，avowedlyasapreparationforothermissionaryagencies。AlloverIndiaandthefarEasthethuspioneeredthewayoftheLord，ashehadwrittentoRylandwhenfirsthesettledinSerampore：——"Itisveryprobablewemaybeonlyaspioneerstopreparethewayformostsuccessfulmissionaries，whoperhapsmaynotbeatlibertytoattendtothosepreparatorylaboursinwhichwehavebeenoccupied——thetranslationandprintingoftheScriptures，"etc。HisheartwasenlargedlikehisMaster\'sonearth，andhencehishumblenessofmind。WhentheChurchMissionarySociety，forinstance，occupiedAgraastheirfirststationinIndia，hesenttheBaptistmissionarythencetoAllahabad。ToBenares"BrotherWilliamSmith，calledinOrissaunderBrotherJohnPeters，"theArmenian，wassentowingtohisacquaintancewiththeHindilanguage；hewasthemeansofbringingtothedooroftheKingdomthatrichBrahmanRajaJayNarainGhosal，whomheencouragedtofoundin1817theChurchMissionCollegetherewhichbearsthenameofthis"almostChristian"Hindoo，whowas"exceedinglydesirousofdiffusinglightamonghisowncountrymen。"

ThemoststrikingillustrationsofthisformofCarey\'sself-sacrificeare，however，tobefoundoutsideofIndiaasitthenwas，inthecareerofhisothertwosonsinBurmaandtheSpiceIslands。TheEastIndiaCompany\'spanicontheVelloremutinyledCareytoplanamissiontoBurma，justashehadbeenguidedtosettleinDanishSeramporetenyearsbefore。TheGovernmentofIndiahaddoubledhissalaryasBengali，Marathi，andSanskritProfessor，andthushadunconsciouslysuppliedthemeans。Since1795theportofRangoonhadbeenopenedtotheBritish，althoughColonelSymeshadbeeninsultedeightyearsafter，duringhissecondembassytoAva。Rangoon，wrotetheaccurateCareytoFullerinNovember1806，isabouttendays\'sailfromCalcutta。"TheBurmanempireisabouteighthundredmileslong，lyingcontiguoustoBengalontheeast；butisinaccessiblebyland，onaccountofthemountainscoveredwiththickforestswhichrunbetweenthetwocountries。TheeastsideofthisempirebordersuponChina，CochinChina，andTongking，andmayaffordustheopportunityultimatelyofintroducingtheGospelintothosecountries。Theyarequitewithinourreach，andtheBibleinChinesewillbeunderstoodbythemequallyaswellasbytheChinesethemselves。AbouttwentychaptersofMatthewaretranslatedintothatlanguage，andthreeofourfamilyhavemadeconsiderableprogressinit。"

ThiswasthebeginningofReformedmissionstoEasternAsia。AyearwastopassbeforeDr。RobertMorrisonlandedatMacao。FromthosepoliticallyaggressiveandthereforeopposedJesuitmissions，whichalonehadworkedinAnamuptothistime，apersecutedbishopwasabouttofindanasylumatSerampore，andtouseitspressanditspurseforthepublicationofhisDictionariumAnamitico-Latinum。

TheFrenchhavelongsoughttoseizeanempirethere。That，atitsbest，mustprovefarinferiortothemarvellousprovinceandChristianChurchofBurma，ofwhichCareylaidthefoundation。

Judson，andtheGovernorsDurand，Phayre，Aitchison，andBernard，HenryLawrence\'snephew，builtwelluponit。

On24thJanuary1807MardonandChaterwentforth，afterCareyhadchargedthemfromthewords，"AndthencesailedtoAntiochfromwhencetheyhadbeenrecommendedtothegraceofGod，whichtheyfulfilled。"Carey\'seldestsonFelixsoontooktheplaceofMardon。

Theinstructions，whichbeartheimpressofthesacredscholar\'spen，formamodelstillforallmissionaries。Thesetwoextractsgivecounselsnevermoreneededthannow：——

"4。WithrespecttotheBurmanlanguage，letthisoccupyyourmostprecioustimeandyourmostanxioussolicitude。Donotbecontentwithacquiringthislanguagesuperficially，butmakeityourown，rootandbranch。Tobecomefluentinit，youmustattentivlylisten，withpryingcuriosity，intotheformsofspeech，theconstructionandaccentofthenatives。Herealltheimitativepowersarewanted；yetthesepowersandthisattention，withoutcontinuedefforttouseallyouacquire，andasfastasyouacquireit，willbecomparativelyoflittleuse。

"5。Assoonasyoushallfeelyourgroundwellinthislanguageyoumaycomposeagrammar，andalsosendussomeScripturetract，forprinting；smallandplain；simpleChristianinstruction，andGospelinvitation，withoutanythingthatcanirritatethemostsuperstitiousmind。

"6。WewouldrecommendyoutobeginthetranslationoftheGospelofMarkassoonaspossible，asoneofthebestandmostcertainwaysofacquiringthelanguage。Thistranslationwillofcourseberevisedagainandagain。Intheserevisionsyouwillbeverycarefulrespectingtheidiomandconstruction，thattheybereallyBurman，andnotEnglish。Letyourinstructorbewellacquaintedwiththelanguage，andtryeverywordofimportance，ineverywayyoucan，beforeitbeadmitted……

"Inprosecutingthiswork，therearetwothingstowhichespeciallywewouldcallyourverycloseattention，viz。thestrictestandmostrigideconomy，andthecultivationofbrotherlylove。

"Remember，thatthemoneywhichyouwillexpendisneitheroursnoryours，forithasbeenconsecratedtoGod；andeveryunnecessaryexpenditurewillberobbingGod，andappropriatingtounnecessarysecularuseswhatissacred，andconsecratedtoChristandhiscause。Inbuilding，especially，rememberthatyouarepoormen，andhavechosenalifeofpovertyandself-denial，withChristandhismissionaryservants。Ifanotherpersonisprofuseinexpenditure，theconsequenceissmall，becausehispropertywouldperhapsfallintohandswhereitmightbedevotedtothepurposesofiniquity；

butmissionaryfundsareintheirverycircumstancesthemostsacredandimportantofanythingofthisnatureonearth。Wesaynotthis，Brethren，becausewesuspectyou，oranyofourpartnersinlabour；butweperceivethatwhenyouhavedoneall，theRangoonmissionwilllieheavyupontheMissionaryFunds，andthefieldofexertionisverywide。"

FelixCareywasamedicalmissionaryofgreatskill，aprinteroftheOrientallanguagestrainedbyWard，andascholar，especiallyinSanskritandPali，BengaliandBurman，notunworthyofhisfather。

HeearlycommendedhimselftothegoodwilloftheRangoonViceroy，andwasofgreatusetoCaptainCanninginthesuccessfulmissionfromtheGovernor-Generalin1809。AthisintercessiontheViceroygavehimthelifeofamalefactorwhohadhungforsixhoursonthecross。ReportingtheincidenttoRyland，Dr。Careywrotethat"crucifixionisnotperformedonseparatecrosses，elevatedtoaconsiderableheight，afterthemanneroftheRomans；butseveralpostsareerectedwhichareconnectedbyacrosspiecenearthetop，towhichthehandsarenailed，andbyanothernearthebottom，towhichthefeetarenailedinahorizontaldirection。"HepreparedafoliodictionaryofBurmeseandPali，translatedseveraloftheBuddhistSootrasintoEnglish，andseveralbooksofHolyScriptureintothevernacular。HismedicalandlinguisticskillsocommendedhimtothekingthathewasloadedwithhonoursandsentasBurmeseambassadortotheGovernor-Generalin1814，whenhewithdrewfromtheChristianmission。OnhiswaybackuptheIrawadihealonewassavedfromthewreckofhisboat，inwhichhissecondwifeandchildrenandtheMS。ofhisdictionarywentdown。Ofthishiseldestson，who"procuredHisMajesty\'ssanctionforprintingtheScripturesintheBurmanandadjacentlanguages，whichstephehighlyapproved，"andatthesametime"theordersofmyrank，whichconsistofaredumbrellawithanivorytop，goldbetelbox，goldlefeekcup，andaswordofstate，"thefatherwrotelamentingtoRyland：——"Felixisshrivelledfromamissionaryintoanambassador。"

Tohisthirdsonthesorrowingfathersaid：——"ThehonourshehasreceivedfromtheBurmeseGovernmenthavenotbeenbeneficialtohissoul。Felixiscertainlynotsomuchesteemedsincehisvisitashewasbeforeit。Itisaverydistressingthingtobeforcedtoapologiseforthoseyoulove。"Mr。ChaterhadremovedtoCeylontobeginamissioninColombo。

InJuly1813，whenFelixCareywasinAva，twoyoungAmericans，AdoniramJudsonandhiswifeAnn，tempest-tossedandfleeingbeforethepersecutionoftheEastIndiaCompany，foundshelterintheMissionHouseatRangoon。JudsonwasoneofabandofdivinitystudentsoftheCongregationalChurchofNewEngland，whosezealhadalmostcompelledtheinstitutionoftheAmericanBoardofForeignMissions。He，hiswife，andcolleagueRicehadbecomeBaptistsbyconvictionontheirwaytoSerampore，tothebrotherhoodofwhichtheyhadbeencommended。Careyandhiscolleaguesmadeit"apointtoguardagainstobtrudingonmissionarybrethrenofdifferentsentimentsanyconversationrelativetobaptism；"butJudsonhimselfsentanotetoCareyrequestingbaptismbyimmersion。TheresultwasthefoundationatBostonoftheAmericanBaptistMissionarySociety，whichwastowinsuchtriumphsinBurmaandamongtheKarens。Foratime，however，JudsonwasamissionaryfromSerampore，andsupportedbythebrotherhood。Assuchhewrotethus：——

"RANGOON，Sept。1，1814——BrotherWardwishestohaveanideaoftheprobableexpenseofeachstation；onwhichItakeoccasiontosaythatitwouldbemoregratifyingtome，aspresentingalesstemptation，andaslessdangeroustomyhabitsofeconomyandmyspiritualwelfare，tohavealimitedmonthlyallowance。Ifearthat，ifIamallowedasmuchasIwant，mywantswillenlargewiththeirgratification，andfinallyembracemanythings，whichatfirstIshouldhavethoughtincompatiblewitheconomicalmanagement，aswellaswiththatcharacteramongtheheathenwhichitbecomestheprofessedfollowersofHimwhoforoursakesbecamepoor，eventosustain。Itisbetterforamissionary，especiallyayoungman，tohaverathertoolittlethanrathertoomuch。Yourcase，oncomingoutfromEngland，wasquitedifferentfrommine。Youhadallthattherewas，andwereobligedtomakethemostofit。

"Ifthesethingsmeettheideasofthebrethren，Iwillbeobligedtothemtosay，whatsum，inSiccaRupees，payableinBengal，theythinksufficientforasmallfamilyinRangoon——sufficienttomeetallcommonexpenses，andindeedallthatwillbeincurredatpresent，exceptthatofpassagesbysea。Youhavealltheaccountsbeforeyou，especiallyofthingspurchasedinBengal，whichIhavenot；andfromhavingseenthemissionpassthroughvariouschanges，willbemorecompetenttomakeanestimateofexpensethanIam。

Andwhileyouaremakingthisestimateforonefamily，sayalsowhatwillbesufficientfortwosmallfamilies，sothatifBrotherRice，oranyothershouldsoonjoinme，itmaynotbenecessarytobringthesubjectagainunderconsideration。ThissumIwillreceiveunderthesameregulationsasotherstationsaresubjectto，andwhichIheartilyapprove。Andif，onexperiment，itbefoundmuchtoolarge，Ishallbeasgladtodiminishit，astohaveyouincreaseit，ifitbefoundmuchtoosmall。

"Sept。7——Sincewritingtheabove，wehavereceivedthedistressingintelligence，thatafewdaysafterMr。Careyleftus，andsoonafterhehadreachedthebrig(whichhadpreviouslygoneintothegreatriver)onthe31stofAugust，aboutnoon，shewasovertakenbyasquallofwind，upset，andinstantlysunk。Thosewhocouldswim，escapedwiththeirlivesmerely，andthosewhocouldnot，perished。

Amongthesaved，wereMr。CareyandmostoftheBengalees。Mrs。

Carey，thetwochildren，herwomenandgirls，andseveralmen——inall，tenpersons，perished。Everyarticleofpropertyhadbeentransferredfromtheboatstothevessel，andshehadjustlefttheplace，whereshehadbeenlongwaitingthearrivalofMr。Carey，andhadbeenundersailaboutthreehours。Severalboatswerenotfardistant；thegold-boatwaswithinsight，butsoinstantaneouswasthedisaster，thatnotasinglethingwassaved。SomeattemptsweremadebythelascarstosaveMrs。CareyandWilliam，buttheywereunsuccessful。Mr。Careystaidontheshorethroughthefollowingnight；aneighbouringgovernorsenthimclothesandmoney；andthenextmorninghetookthegold-boat，andproceededuptheriver。A

largeboat，onwhichwereseveralservants，menandwomen，besidethosethatwereinthevessel，followedthegold-boat。Thejollyboathasreturnedhere，bringingthesurvivinglascars。

"Thedreadfulsituationtowhichourpoorbrotherwasthusreducedinamoment，fromtheheightofprosperity，fillsourmindscontinuallywiththegreatestdistress。Weareutterlyunabletoaffordhimtheleastrelief，andcanonlypraythatthisawfuldispensationmayproveapaternalchastisementfromhisHeavenlyFather，andbesanctifiedtohissoul。"

WhileJudsonwrotetoSerampore，whichheonceagainvisited，leavingthedustofachildinthemissionburial-ground，"Iamgladtohearyousaythatyouwillnotabandonthismission，"Careypressedontothe"regionsbeyond。"Judsonlivedtill1850tofoundachurchandtoprepareaBurmesedictionary，grammar，andtranslationoftheBiblesoperfectthatrevisionhashardlybeennecessaryuptothepresentday。HeandHough，aprinterwhojoinedhim，formedthemselvesintoabrotherhoodonthesameself-denyingprinciplesasthatofSerampore，whomtheybesoughttosendthemfrequentcommunicationstocounsel，strengthen，andencouragethem。

On28thSeptember1814JudsonagainwrotetoCareyfromRangoon：——

"DEARBROTHERCAREY——IfcopiesofColebrooke\'sSungskritaDictionary，andyourSungskritaGrammararenottooscarce，I

earnestlyrequestacopyofeach。IfinditwillbeabsolutelynecessaryformetopickupalittleofthePali，chieflyonaccountofmanytheologicalterms，whichhavebeenincorporatedfromthatlanguageintotheBurman。Ihavefoundadictionary，whichI

supposeisthesameasthatwhichMr。Colebrooketranslated，adaptedtotheBurmansystem。ThisIintendtoread。IwantalsoLeyden\'sVocabulary，andacopyortwoofyourson\'sgrammar，whenitiscompleted。IgaveyoursononhisgoinguptoAva，mycopyofCampbell\'sGospels，togetherwithseveralotherbooks，allofwhicharenowlost。TheformerIchieflyregret，andknownotwhenceI

canprocureanothercopy。

"Thereisavesselnowlyinghere，whichisdestinedtotakeroundanAmbassadorfromthisGovernmenttoBengal。Heexpectstogoinaboutamonth，ashetoldme。HeisnowwaitingforfinalinstructionsfromAva。IfFelixbereallytobesenttoBengalagain，Ithinkitmostprobablethathewillbeorderedtoaccompanythisambassador。

"Mrs。J。wasonthepointoftakingpassagewithCaptainHitchins，toobtainsomemedicaladviceinBengal；butshehasbeenalittlebetterforafewdays，andhasgivenuptheplanforthepresent。

Thisisadelightfulclimate。Wehavenowseenalltheseasons，andcanthereforejudge。ThehotweatherinMarchandAprilisthechiefexception。Naturehasdoneeverythingforthiscountry；andtheGovernmentisveryindulgenttoallforeigners。Whenweseehowwearedistinguishedaboveallaround，eveninpointofworldlycomforts，wefeelthatwewantgratitude。Othatwemaybefaithfulintheimprovementofeverymercy，andpatientundereverytrialwhichGodmayhaveinstoreforus。WeknownothowtheGospelcaneverbeintroducedhere：everything，inthisrespect，appearsasdarkasmidnight。"

By1816JudsonhadpreparedtheGospelofMatthewinBurmese，followingupshorttracts"accommodatedtotheopticsofaBurman。"

Carey\'sthirdsonJabezwasclerktoaCalcuttaattorneyatthetime，in1812，whenDr。RylandpreachedintheDutchChurch，AustinFriars，theanniversarysermonontheoccasionoftheremovaloftheheadquartersoftheSocietytoLondon。Pausinginthemidstofhisdiscourse，afterareferencetoCarey，thepreachercalledonthevastcongregationsilentlytoprayfortheconversionofJabezCarey。Theanswercamenextyearinaletterfromhisfather：——"MysonJabez，whohasbeenarticledtoanattorney，andhasthefairestprospectsastothisworld，isbecomedecidedlyreligious，andpreferstheworkoftheLordtoeveryother。"LordMinto\'sexpeditionsof1810and1811hadcapturedtheislandssweptbytheFrenchprivateersfromMadagascartoJava，andtherewassoonanendoftheactivehostilityoftheauthoritiestoChristianity。SirStamfordRafflesgovernedJavainthespiritofaChristianstatesman。ThenewGovernor-General，LordMoira，afterwardsMarquisofHastings，provedtobethemostenlightenedandpowerfulfriendthemissionhadhad。Inthesecircumstances，afterthecharterof1813hadremovedthelegislativeexcuseforintolerance，Dr。CareywasaskedbytheLieutenant-GovernortosendmissionariesandMalayBiblestothefiftythousandnativesofAmboyna。TheGovernor-Generalrepeatedtherequestofficially。JabezCareywasbaptised，married，anddespatchedatthecostofthestatebeforehecouldbeordained。Amboyna，itwillbeperceived，wasnotinIndia，butfarenoughawaytogivethestilltimidCompanylittleapprehensionastotheinfluenceofthemissionariesthere。Thefather\'sheartwasveryfullwhenhesentforththeson：——

"24thJanuary1814——Youarenowengaginginamostimportantundertaking，inwhichnotonlyyouwillhaveourprayersforyoursuccess，butthoseofallwholoveourLordJesusChrist，andwhoknowofyourengagement。Iknowthatafewhintsforyourfutureconductfromaparentwholovesyouverytenderlywillbeacceptable，andIshallthereforenowgiveyouthem，assuredthattheywillnotbegiveninvain。

"1st。PaytheutmostattentionatalltimestothestateofyourownmindbothtowardsGodandman：cultivateanintimateacquaintancewithyourownheart；labourtoobtainadeepsenseofyourdepravityandtotrustalwaysinChrist；bepureinheart，andmeditatemuchuponthepureandholycharacterofGod；livealifeofprayeranddevotednesstoGod；cherisheveryamiableandrightdispositiontowardsmen；bemild，gentle，andunassuming，yetfirmandmanly。

Assoonasyouperceiveanythingwronginyourspiritorbehavioursetaboutcorrectingit，andneversupposeyourselfsoperfectastoneednocorrection。

"2nd。Youarenowamarriedman，benotsatisfiedwithconductingyourselftowardsyourwifewithpropriety，butletlovetoherbethespringofyourconducttowardsher。Esteemherhighly，andsoactthatshemaybeinducedtherebytoesteemyouhighly。Thefirstimpressionsoflovearisingfromformandbeautywillsoonwearoff，buttheesteemarisingfromexcellencyofdispositionandsubstanceofcharacterwillendureandincrease。Herhonourisnowyours，andshecannotbeinsultedwithoutyourbeingdegraded。Ihopeassoonasyougetonboard，andaresettledinyourcabin，youwillbeginandendeachdaybyunitingtogethertoprayandpraiseGod。Letreligionalwayshaveaplaceinyourhouse。IftheLordblessyouwithchildren，bringthemupinthefearofGod，andbealwaysanexampletoothersofthepowerofgodliness。ThisadviceIgivealsotoEliza，andifitisfollowedyouwillbehappy。

"3rd。Behaveaffablyandgenteellytoall，butnotcringinglytowardsany。Feelthatyouareaman，andalwaysactwiththatdignifiedsincerityandtruthwhichwillcommandtheesteemofall。

Seeknotthesocietyofworldlymen，butwhencalledtobewiththemactandconversewithproprietyanddignity。Todothislabourtogainagoodacquaintancewithhistory，geography，men，andthings。AgentlemanisthenextbestcharacterafteraChristian，andthelatterincludestheformer。Moneynevermakesagentleman，neitherdoesafineappearance，butanenlargedunderstandingjoinedtoengagingmanners。

"4th。OnyourarrivalatAmboynayourfirstbusinessmustbetowaitonMr。Martin。Youshouldfirstsendanotetoinformhimofyourarrival，andtoinquirewhenitwillsuithimtoreceiveyou。Askhisadviceuponeveryoccasionofimportance，andcommunicatefreelytohimallthestepsyoutake。

"5th。Assoonasyouaresettledbeginyourwork。GetaMalaywhocanspeakalittleEnglish，andwithhimmakeatouroftheisland，andvisiteveryschool。Encourageallyouseeworthyofencouragement，andcorrectwithmildness，yetwithfirmness。Keepajournalofthetransactionsoftheschools，andentereachoneunderadistinctheadtherein。Takeaccountofthenumberofscholars，thenamesoftheschoolmasters，comparetheirprogressatstatedperiods，and，inshort，considerthisastheworkwhichtheLordhasgivenyoutodo。

"6th。Donot，however，consideryourselfasameresuperintendentofschools；consideryourselfasthespiritualinstructorofthepeople，anddevoteyourselftotheirgood。Godhascommittedthespiritualinterestsofthisisland——20，000menormore——toyou；avastcharge，butHecanenableyoutobefaithfultoit。Revisethecatechism，tracts，andschool-booksusedamongthem，andlabourtointroduceamongthemsounddoctrineandgenuinepiety。Praywiththemassoonasyoucan，andlabourafteragifttopreachtothem。

Iexpectyouwillhavemuchtodowiththemrespectingbaptism。

Theyallthinkinfantsprinklingright，andwillapplytoyoutobaptisetheirchildren；youmustsaylittletillyouknowsomethingofthelanguage，andthenprovetothemfromScripturewhatistherightmodeofbaptismandwhoaretheproperpersonstobebaptised。

FormthemintoGospelchurcheswhenyoumeetwithafewwhotrulyfearGod；andassoonasyouseeanyfittopreachtoothers，callthemtotheministryandsettlethemwiththechurches。YoumustbaptiseandadministertheLord\'sSupperaccordingtoyourowndiscretionwhenthereisaproperoccasionforit。Avoidindolenceandloveofease，andneverattempttoactthepartofthegreatandgayinthisworld。

"7th。LabourincessantlytobecomeaperfectmasteroftheMalaylanguage。Inordertothis，associatewiththenatives，walkoutwiththem，askthenameofeverythingyousee，andnoteitdown；

visittheirhouses，especiallywhenanyofthemaresick。Everynightarrangethewordsyougetinalphabeticalorder。Trytotalkassoonasyougetafewwords，andbeasmuchaspossibleoneofthem。Acourseofkindandattentiveconductwillgaintheiresteemandconfidenceandgiveyouanopportunityofdoingmuchgood。

"8th。YouwillsoonlearnfromMr。MartinthesituationanddispositionoftheAlfoorsoraboriginalinhabitants，andwillseewhatcanbedoneforthem。Donotunnecessarilyexposeyourlife，butincessantlycontrivesomewayofgivingthemthewordoflife。

"9th。Icomenowtothingsofinferiorimportance，butwhichIhopeyouwillnotneglect。Iwishyoutolearncorrectlythenumber，size，andgeographyoftheislands；thenumberanddescriptionofinhabitants；theircustomsandmanners，andeverythingofnoterelativetothem；andregularlycommunicatethesethingstome。

"Yourgreatwork，mydearJabez，isthatofaChristianminister。

Youwouldhavebeensolemnlysetaparttheretoifyoucouldhavestayedlongenoughtohavepermittedit。Thesuccessofyourlaboursdoesnotdependuponanoutwardceremony，nordoesyourrighttopreachtheGospeloradministertheordinancesoftheGospeldependonanysuchthing，butonlyontheDivinecallexpressedintheWordofGod。TheChurchhas，however，intheirintentionsandwishesborneatestimonytothegracegiventoyou，andwillnotceasetoprayforyouthatyoumaybesuccessful。Mayyoubekeptfromalltemptations，supportedundereverytrial，madevictoriousineveryconflict；andmayourheartsbemutuallygladdenedwithaccountsfromeachotherofthetriumphsofDivinegrace。Godhasconferredagreatfavouruponyouincommittingtoyouthisministry。TakeheedtoitthereforeintheLordthatthoufulfilit。Weshalloftenmeetatthethroneofgrace。Writemebyeveryopportunity，andtellElizatowritetoyourmother。

"Now，mydearJabez，IcommityoubothtoGod，andtothewordofHisgrace，whichisabletomakeyouperfectintheknowledgeofHiswill。Letthatwordbenearyourheart。IgiveyoubothuptoGod，andshouldInevermoreseeyouonearthItrustweshallmeetwithjoybeforeHisthroneofgloryatlast。"

UnderboththeEnglishandtheDutchforatime，towhomtheislandwasrestored，JabezCareyprovedtobeasuccessfulmissionary，whilehesupportedthemissionbyhisofficialincomeassuperintendentofschoolsandsecondmemberoftheCollegeofJustice。Theislandcontained18，000nativeChristiansoftheDutchcompulsorytype，suchaswefoundinCeylonontakingitover。Thusbythelaboursofhimself，hissons，hiscolleagues，andhischildreninthefaith，WilliamCareysawtheGospel，thepress，andtheinfluenceofadivinephilanthropyextendingamongMohammedans，Buddhists，andHindoos，fromtheshoresofthePacificOceanwesttotheArabianSea。

CHAPTERVIII

CAREY\'SFAMILYANDFRIENDS

1807-1812

ThetypeofaChristiangentleman——Careyandhisfirstwife——Hissecondmarriage——TheLadyRumohr——Hispictureoftheirmarriedlife——Hisnearlyfatalillnesswhenforty-eightyearsold——Hismeditationsanddreams——AldeenHouse——HenryMartyn\'spagoda——Carey，Marshman，andtheAnglicanchaplainsinthepagoda——Corrie\'saccountoftheSeramporeBrotherhood——ClaudiusBuchananandhisAnglicanestablishment——ImprovementinAnglo-IndianSociety——Carey\'sliteraryandscientificfriends——DesireintheWestforalikenessofCarey——Home\'sportraitofhim——CorrespondencewithhissonWilliamonmissionaryconsecration，Buonaparte，botany，themissionaryasoldier，FelixandBurma，hunting，thetemporalpowerofthePope，thedutyofreconciliation——Carey\'sdescendants。

"AGentlemanisthenextbestcharacterafteraChristian，andthelatterincludestheformer，"werethefather\'swordstothesonwhomhewassendingforthasaChristianmissionaryandstatesuperintendentofschools。Careywrotefromhisownexperience，andheunwittinglypaintedhisowncharacter。Thepeasantbearingofhisearlyyouthshoweditselfthroughouthislifeinacertainshyness，whichgaveacharmtohisconversewitholdandyoung。

Occasionally，asinaletterwhichhewrotetohisfriendPearceofBirmingham，atatimewhenhedidnotknowwhetherhisdistantcorrespondentwasaliveordead，heburstforthintoanunrestrainedenthusiasmofaffectionandservice。Buthiswasrathertheeventenorofdomesticdevotionandfriendlyduty，unbrokenbypassionorcoldness，andeverlightedupbyasteadygeniality。ThecolleagueswhowereassociatedwithhimforthethirdofacenturyworshippedhimintheoldEnglishsenseoftheword。Theyoungercommittee-menandmissionarieswhocametothefrontonthedeathofFuller，Sutcliff，andRyland，inalltheirmistakenconflictswiththesecolleagues，alwaystriedtoseparateCareyfromthosetheydenounced，tillevenhissaintlyspiritburstforthintowrathatthedoublewrongthusdonetohiscoadjutors。HisintercoursewiththechaplainsandbishopsoftheChurchofEngland，andwiththemissionariesofotherChurchesandsocieties，wasaslovinginitsdegreeashisrelationstohisownpeople。Withmenoftheworld，fromthesuccessiveGovernor-Generals，fromWellesley，Hastings，andBentinck，downtothescholars，merchants，andplanterswithwhomhebecameassociatedforthepublicgood，WilliamCareywaseverthesaintandthegentlemanwhomitwasaprivilegetoknow。

InnothingperhapswasCarey\'strueChristiangentlemanlinesssoseenasinhisrelationswithhisfirstwife，abovewhomgraceandculturehadimmeasurablyraisedhim，whilesheneverlearnedtosharehisaspirationsortounderstandhisideals。Notonlydidsheremaintothelastapeasantwoman，withareproachfultongue，buttheearlyhardshipsofCalcuttaandthefeveranddysenteryofMudnabaticloudedthelasttwelveyearsofherlifewithmadness。

NeverdidreproachorcomplaintescapehislipsregardingeitherherorThomas，whoseeccentricimpulsesandoft-darkenedspiritwereduetomaniaalso。Ofbothhewasthetendernurseandguardianwhen，manyatime，theever-busyscholarwouldfainhavelingeredathisdeskorsoughtthescantysleepwhichhisjealousdevotiontohisMaster\'sbusinessallowedhim。Thebrotherhoodarrangement，thecommonfamily，Ward\'sinfluenceovertheboys，andHannahMarshman\'shousekeepingrelievedhimofmuchthathiswife\'sillnesshadthrownuponhimatMudnabati，sothatacolleaguedescribeshim，whenhewasforty-threeyearsofage，asstilllookingyounginspiteofthefewhairsonhishead，afterelevenyearsinLowerBengalofworksuchasneverEnglishmanhadbeforehim。Butalmostfromthefirstdayofhisearlymarriedlifehehadneverknownthedelightofdailyconversewithawifeabletoenterintohisscholarlypursuits，andevertostimulatehiminhisheavenlyquest。Whentheeldestboy，Felix，hadleftforBurmain1807thefaithfulsorrowinghusbandwrotetohim：——"Yourpoormothergrewworseandworsefromthetimeyouleftus，anddiedonthe7thDecemberaboutseveno\'clockintheevening。Duringherillnessshewasalmostalwaysasleep，andIsupposeduringthefourteendaysthatshelayinaseverefevershewasnotmorethantwenty-fourhoursawake。Shewasburiedthenextdayinthemissionaryburying-ground。"

AboutthesametimethatCareyhimselfsettledinSeramporetherearrivedtheLadyRumohr。ShebuiltahouseontheHooglibankimmediatelybelowthatofthemissionaries，whosesocietyshesought，andbywhomshewasbaptised。Onthe9thMay1808shebecameCarey\'swife；andinMay1821shetoowasremovedbydeathinhersixty-firstyear，afterthirteenyearsofunbrokenhappiness。

CharlotteEmilia，borninthesameyearasCareyinthethenDanishduchyofSchleswick，wastheonlychildoftheChevalierdeRumohr，whomarriedtheCountessofAlfeldt，onlyrepresentativeofahistoricfamily。Herwakefulnesswhenasicklygirloffifteensavedthewholehouseholdfromdestructionbyfire，butsheherselfbecamesodisabledthatshecouldneverwalkupordownstairs。ShefailedtofindcompleterecoveryinthesouthofEurope，andherfather\'sfriend，Mr。Anker，adirectoroftheDanishEastIndiaCompany，gaveherletterstohisbrother，thenGovernorofTranquebar，inthehopethattheclimateofIndiamightcauseherrelief。TheDanishshipbroughtherfirsttoSerampore，whereColonelBieintroducedhertothebrotherhood，andtheresheresolvedtoremain。SheknewtheprincipallanguagesofEurope；acopyofthePens閑sofPascal，giventoherbyMr。Ankerbeforeshesailed，forthefirsttimequickenedherconscience。ShespeedilylearnedEnglish，thatshemightjointhemissionariesinpublicworship。ThebarrenorthodoxyoftheLutheranisminwhichshehadbeenbroughtuphadmadeherasceptic。ThissoongavewaytotheevangelicalteachingofthesameapostlewhohadbroughtLutherhimselftoChrist。ShebecameakeenstudentoftheScriptures，thenanardentfollowerofJesusChrist。

OnhermarriagetoDr。Carey，inMay1808，shemadeoverherhousetothemission，andwhen，longafter，itbecamefamousastheofficeoftheweeklyFriendofIndia，therentwassacredlydevotedtotheassistanceofnativepreachers。ShelearnedBengalithatshemightbeasamothertothenativeChristianfamilies。Shewasherhusband\'scounsellorinallthatrelatedtotheextensionofthevariedenterpriseofthebrethren。EspeciallydidshemaketheeducationofHindoogirlsherowncharge，bothatSeramporeandCutwa。HerleisureshegavetothereadingofFrenchProtestantwriters，suchasSaurinandDuMoulin。Sheadmired，wroteCarey，"Massillon\'slanguage，hisdeepknowledgeofthehumanheart，andhisintrepidityinreprovingsin；butfeltthegreatestdissatisfactionwithhistotalneglectofhisSaviour，exceptwhenHeisintroducedtogiveefficacytoworksofhumanmerit。Theseauthorsshereadintheirnativelanguage，thatbeingmorefamiliartoherthanEnglish。Sheingeneralenjoyedmuchoftheconsolationsofreligion。Thoughsomuchafflicted，apleasingcheerfulnessgenerallypervadedherconversation。Sheindeedpossessedgreatactivityofmind。Shewasconstantlyoutwiththedawnofthemorningwhentheweatherpermitted，inherlittlecarriagedrawnbyonebearer；andagainintheevening，assoonasthesunwassufficientlylow。Shethusspentdailynearlythreehoursintheopenair。Itwasprobablythisvigorousandregularcoursewhich，asthemeans，carriedherbeyondtheageofthreescoreyears(twenty-oneofthemspentinIndia)，notwithstandingtheweaknessofherconstitution。"

Itisaprettypicture，thedelicateinvalidlady，drawnalongthemallmorningandevening，toenjoytheriverbreeze，onherwaytoandfromtheschoolsandhomesofthenatives。Butherhighestservicewas，afterall，toherhusband，whowasdoingaworkforIndiaandforhumanity，equalledbyfew，ifany。When，ononeoccasion，theywereseparatedforatimewhileshesoughtforhealthatMonghyr，shewrotetohimthetenderestyetmostcourtlylove-letters。

"MYDEARESTLOVE，——Ifeltverymuchinpartingwiththee，andfeelmuchinbeingsofarfromthee……Iamsurethouwiltbehappyandthankfulonaccountofmyvoice，whichisdailygettingbetter，andthypleasuregreatlyaddstomineown。

"IhopeyouwillnotthinkIamwritingtoooften；Irathertrustyouwillbegladtohearofme……Thoughmyjourneyisverypleasant，andthegoodstateofmyhealth，thefreshnessoftheair，andthevarietyofobjectsenlivenmyspirits，yetIcannothelplongingforyou。Pray，mylove，takecareofyourhealththatImayhavethejoytofindyouwell。

"Ithanktheemostaffectionately，mydearestlove，forthykindletter。Thoughthejourneyisveryusefultome，Icannothelpfeelingmuchtobesodistantfromyou，butIammuchwithyouinmythoughts……TheLordbeblessedforthekindprotectionHehasgiventoHiscauseinatimeofneed。MayHestillprotectandguideandblessHisdearcause，andgiveusallheartsgrowinginloveandzeal……Ifeltverymuchaffectedinpartingwiththee。Iseeplainlyitwouldnotdotogofarfromyou；myheartcleavestoyou。

Ineednotsay(forIhopeyouknowmyheartisnotinsensible)howmuchIfeelyourkindnessinnotmindinganyexpensefortherecoveryofmyhealth。Youwillrejoicetohearmetalkinmyoldway，andnotinthatwhisperingmanner。

"Ifindsomuchpleasureinwritingtoyou，mylove，thatIcannothelpdoingit。IwasnearlydisconcertedbyMrs——laughingatmywritingsooften；butthen，Ithought，IfeelsomuchpleasureinreceivingyourlettersthatImayhopeyoudothesame。Ithankthee，mylove，forthykindletter。Ineednotsaythattheseriouspartofitwaswelcometome，andthemoreasIamdeprivedofallreligiousintercourse……Ishallgreatlyrejoice，mylove，inseeingtheeagain；buttakecareofyourhealththatImayfindyouwell。

Ineednotsayhowmuchyouareinmythoughtsdayandnight。"

Hisnarrativeoftheirintercourse，writtenafterherdeath，letsinafloodoflightonhishomelife：——

"DuringthethirteenyearsofherunionwithDr。Carey，theyhadenjoyedthemostentireonenessofmind，neverhavingasinglecircumstancewhicheitherofthemwishedtoconcealfromtheother。

Hersolicitudeforherhusband\'shealthandcomfortwasunceasing。

Theyprayedandconversedtogetheronthosethingswhichformthelifeofpersonalreligion，withouttheleastreserve；andenjoyedadegreeofconjugalhappinesswhilethuscontinuedtoeachother，whichcanonlyarisefromaunionofmindgroundedonrealreligion。

Onthewhole，herlotinIndiawasaltogetherasceneofmercy。

HereshewasfoundoftheSaviour，graduallyripenedforglory，andafterhavingherlifeprolongedbeyondtheexpectationofherselfandallwhoknewher，shewasreleasedfromthismortalstatealmostwithouttheconsciousnessofpain，and，aswemostassuredlybelieve，had\'anabundantentranceministereduntoherintothekingdomofourLordandSaviourJesusChrist。\'"

When，on24thJune1809，CareyannouncedatthedinnertablethathehadthatmorningfinishedtheBengalitranslationofthewholeBible，andhewasaskedhowmuchmorehethoughtofdoing，heanswered："TheworkIhaveallottedtomyself，intranslating，willtakemeabouttwentyyears。"Buthehadkeptthebowtoolongandtootightlybent，anditthreatenedtosnap。Thateveninghewasseizedwithbiliousfever，andontheeighteenthdaythereafterhislifewasdespairedof。"ThegoodnessofGodiseminentlyconspicuousinraisingupourbelovedbrotherCarey，"wroteMarshman。"Godhasraisedhimupagainandrestoredhimtohislabours；mayhelivetoaccomplishallthatisinhisheart，"wroteRowe。Hewasatonceathisdeskagain，incollegeandinhisstudy。"Iamthisdayforty-eightyearsold，"hewrotetoRylandonthe17thAugust，andsenthimthefollowingletters，everylineofwhichrevealstheinnersoulofthewriter：——

"CALCUTTA，16thAugust1809——Ididnotexpect，aboutamonthago，evertowritetoyouagain。Iwasthenillofaseverefever，andforaweektogetherscarcelyanyhopeswereentertainedofmylife。

OneortwodaysIwassupposedtobedying，buttheLordhasgraciouslyrestoredme；mayitbethatImaylivemorethanevertoHisglory。WhilstIwasillIhadscarcelyanysuchthingasthoughtbelongingtome，but，exceptingseasonsofdelirium，seemedtobenearlystupid；perhapssomeofthisarosefromtheweakstatetowhichIwasreduced，whichwassogreatthatDr。Hare，oneofthemosteminentphysiciansinCalcutta，whowasconsultedaboutit，apprehendedmoredangerfromthatthanfromthefever。I，however，hadscarcelyathoughtofdeathoreternity，oroflife，oranythingbelongingthereto。Inmydelirium，greatestpartofwhichI

perfectlyremember，IwasbusilyemployedincarryingacommissionfromGodtoalltheprincesandgovernmentsintheworld，requiringtheminstantlytoabolisheverypoliticalestablishmentofreligion，andtoselltheparishandotherchurchestothefirstbodyofChristiansthatwouldpurchasethem。Alsotodeclarewarinfamous，toesteemallmilitaryofficersasmenwhohadsoldthemselvestodestroythehumanrace，toextendthistoallthosedeadmencalledheroes，defendersoftheircountry，meritoriousofficers，etc。13I

wasattendedbyangelsinallmyexcursions，andwasuniversallysuccessful。AfewprincesinGermanywererefractory，butmyattendantsstruckthemdeadinstantly。IpronouncedthedoomofRometothePope，andsoonafterwardsalltheterritoryaboutRome，theMarchofAncona，thegreatcityandallitsrichessankintothatvastbedofburninglavawhichheatsNero\'sbath。Thesetwoconsiderationswerethedeliriouswanderingsofthemind，butIhopetofeeltheirforce，toprayandstrivefortheiraccomplishmenttotheendofmylife。Butitisnowtimetoattendtosomethingnotmerelyideal。

"Thestateoftheworldoccupiedmythoughtsmoreandmore；ImeanasitrelatestothespreadoftheGospel。Theharvesttrulyisgreat，andlabourersbearscarcelyanyproportionthereto。IwasforciblystruckthismorningwithreadingourLord\'sreplytoHisdisciples，Johniv。WhenHehadtoldthemthatHehadmeattoeattheworldknewnotof，andthatHismeatwastodothewillofHisFatherandtofinishHiswork，Hesaid，\'Saynotyetherearethreemonthsandthencomethharvest？\'Hebythisplainlyintendedtocalltheirattentiontotheconductofmenwhenharvestwasapproaching，forthatbeingtheseasonuponwhichallthehopesofmenhangfortemporalsupplies，theyprovidemenandmeasuresintimeforsecuringit。AfterwardsdirectingtheirattentiontothatwhichsooccupiedHisownastobeHismeatanddrink，Hesaid，\'Liftupyoureyesandlookuponthefields(ofsoulstobegatheredin)，fortheyarewhitealreadytoharvest。\'Aftersomanycenturieshaveelapsedandsomanyfieldsfullofthisharvesthavebeenlostforwantoflabourerstogatheritin，shallwenotatlastreflectseriouslyonourduty？HindostanrequirestenthousandministersoftheGospel，atthelowestcalculation，Chinaasmany，andyoumayeasilycalculatefortherestoftheworld。Itrustthatmanywilleventuallyberaiseduphere，butbethatasitmaythedemandsformissionariesarepressingtoadegreeseldomrealised。Englandhasdonemuch，butnotthehundredthpartofwhatsheisboundtodo。Insogreatawantofministersoughtnoteverychurchtoturnitsattentionchieflytotheraisingupandmaturingofspiritualgiftswiththeexpressdesignofsendingthemabroad？

Shouldnotthisbeaspecificmatterofprayer，andistherenotreasontolabourhardtoinfusethisspiritintothechurches？

"AmissionintoSiamwouldbecomparativelyeasyofintroductionandsupportonaccountofitsvicinitytoPrinceofWalesIsland，fromwhichvesselscanoftengoinafewhours。AmissiontoPeguandanothertoArakanwouldnotbedifficultofintroduction，theybeingbothwithintheBurmandominions，MissionstoAssamandNepalshouldbespeedilytried。BrotherRobinsonisgoingtoBhootan。IdonotknowanythingaboutthefacilitywithwhichmissionscouldbeintroducedintoCochinChina，Cambodia，andLaos，butwerethetrialmadeIbelievedifficultieswouldremove。ItisalsoverydesirablethattheBurmanmissionshouldbestrengthened。Thereisnofulllibertyofconscience，andseveralstationsmightbeoccupied；eventhebordersofChinamightbevisitedfromthatcountryifaneasierentranceintotheheartofthecountrycouldnotbefound。IhavenotmentionedSumatra，Java，theMoluccas，thePhilippines，orJapan，butallthesecountriesmustbesuppliedwithmissionaries。

ThisisaveryimperfectsketchofthewantsofAsiaonly，withoutincludingtheMahometancountries；butAfricaandSouthAmericacallasloudlyforhelp，andthegreatestpartofEuropemustalsobeholpenbytheProtestantchurches，beingnearlyasdestituteofrealgodlinessasanyheathencountryontheearth。Whatapressingcall，then，ishereforlabourersinthespiritualharvest，andwhatneedthattheattentionofallthechurchesinEnglandandAmericashouldbedrawntothisveryobject！"

TwoyearsaftertheestablishmentofthemissionatSerampore，DavidBrown，theseniorchaplainandprovostofFortWilliamCollege，tookpossessionofAldeenHouse，whichheoccupiedtilltheyearofhisdeathin1812。ThehouseisthefirstinthesettlementreachedbyboatfromCalcutta。Aldeenisfiveminutes\'walksouthoftheSeramporeMissionHouse，andacenturyagotherewasonlyaparkbetweenthem。Thegardenslopesdowntothenobleriver，andcommandsthebeautifulcountryseatofBarrackpore，whichLordWellesleyhadjustbuilt。Thehouseitselfisembosomedintrees，themango，theteak，andthegracefulbamboo。Justbelowit，butoutsideofSerampore，arethedesertedtempleofBullubpoorandtheGhatofthesamename，afineflightofstepsupwhichthousandsofpilgrimsflockeveryJunetotheadjoiningshrineandmonstrouscarofJagganath。DavidBrownhadnotbeenlonginAldeenwhenhesecuredthedesertedtempleandconverteditintoaChristianoratory，eversinceknownasHenryMartyn\'sPagoda。FortenyearsAldeenandthepagodabecamethemeeting-placeofCareyandhisNonconformistfriends，withClaudiusBuchanan，Martyn，BishopCorrie，Thomason，andthelittlebandofevangelicalAnglicanswho，undertheprotectionofLordsWellesleyandHastings，sweetenedAnglo-Indiansociety，andmadethenamesof"missionary"andof"chaplain"synonymous。Heretootheregathered，asalsototheMissionHousehigherup，manyacivilianandofficerwhosoughtthecharmsofthatChristianfamilylifewhichtheyhadleftbehind。A

younglieutenantcommemoratedtheseyearswhenBrownwasremoved，inapleasingelegy，whichCharlesSimeonpublishedintheMemorialsofhisfriend。ManyatravellerfromthefarWeststillvisitsthespot，andrecallsthememoriesofWilliamCareyandHenryMartyn，ofMarshmanandBuchanan，ofWardandCorrie，whichlingeraroundthefairscene。Whenfirstwesawitthenowmutilatedruinwasperfect，andunderthewide-spreadingbaniantreebehindaBrahmanwasreciting，foradayandanight，theversesoftheMahabharataepictothousandsoflisteningHindoos。

"Long，Hoogli，hasthysullenstreamBeendoomedthecheerlessshorestolave；

LonghastheSuttee\'sbanefulgleamPaleglimmeredo\'erthymidnightwave。

"YetgladdenedseemedtoflowthytideWhereopensontheview——Aldeen；

FortheretogracethypalmysideLovedEngland\'spurestjoyswereseen。

"Yondome，\'neathwhichinformerdaysGrimidolsmarkedthepaganshrine，Hasswelledthenotesofpiouspraise，Attunedtothemesoflovedivine。"

WefindthisallusiontotheplaceinCarey\'scorrespondencewithDr。Ryland：——"20thJanuary1807——Itwouldhavedoneyourheartgoodtohavejoinedusatourmeetingsatthepagoda。FromthatplacewehavesuccessivelyrecommendedDr。TaylortotheworkoftheLordatBombay，Mr。MartyntohisatDinapoor，Mr。CorrietohisatChunar，Mr。ParsonstohisatBurhampore，Mr。DesGrangestohisatVizagapatam，andourtwobrethrentotheirsatRangoon，andfromthencewesoonexpecttocommendMr。ThomasontohisatMadras。InthesemeetingstheutmostharmonyprevailsandaunionofheartsunknownbetweenpersonsofdifferentdenominationsinEngland。"Dr。

TaylorandMr。DesGrangeswereearlymissionariesoftheLondonSociety；theRangoonbrethrenwereBaptists；theotherswereChurchofEnglandchaplains。SacramentarianismandsacerdotalismhadnotthenbeguntoafflicttheChurchofIndia。Thereweregiantsinthosedays，inBengal，worthyofCareyandoftheoneworkinwhichallweretheservantsofoneMaster。

LetuslookalittlemorecloselyatHenryMartyn\'sPagoda。Itisnowapicturesqueruin，whichthepeepultreethatisentwinedamongitsfinebrickmasonry，andthecrumblingriver-bank，maysooncausetodisappearforever。Theexquisitetraceryofthemouldedbricksmaybeseen，butnotthefewfiguresthatareleftofthepopularHindooidolsjustwherethetwostillperfectarchesbegintospring。Thesidetotheriverhasalreadyfallendown，andwithittheopenplatformoverhangingthebankonwhichthemissionarysatinthecoolofthemorningandevening，andwhereheknelttoprayforthepeople。Wehaveaccompaniedmanyavisitorthere，fromDr。

DufftoBishopCotton，andJohnLawrence，andhaverarelyseenoneunmoved。ThispagodahadbeenabandonedlongbeforebythepriestsofRadhabullub，becausetheriverhadencroachedtoapointwithin300feetofit，thelimitwithinwhichnoBrahmanisallowedtoreceiveagiftortakehisfood。Thelittleblackdollofanidol，whichisfamousamongHindoosalikeforitssanctityandasaworkofart——forhaditnotbeenmiraculouslywaftedtothisspotliketheSantaCasatoLoretto？——wasremovedwithgreatpomptoanewtempleafterithadpaidavisittoClive\'smoonshi，thewealthyRajaNobokisseninCalcutta，whosoughttopurchaseitoutright。

InthiscoololdpagodaHenryMartyn，ononeofhisearliestvisitstoAldeenafterhisarrivalasachaplainin1806，foundanappropriateresidence。Underthevaultedroofoftheshrineaplaceofprayerandpraisewasfittedupwithanorgan，sothat，ashewrote，"theplacewhereoncedevilswereworshippedhasnowbecomeaChristianoratory。"Here，too，helaidhisplansfortheevangelisationofthepeople。Whensufferingfromoneofhismoodsofdepressionastohisownstate，hethuswritesofthisplace：——"I

begantoprayasonthevergeofeternity；andtheLordwaspleasedtobreakmyhardheart。Ilayintears，intercedingfortheunfortunatenativesofthiscountry；thinkingwithinmyselfthatthemostdespicablesoodraofIndiawasofasmuchvalueinthesightofGodastheKingofGreatBritain。"ItwasfromsuchsupplicationthathewasoncerousedbytheblazeofaSuttee\'sfuneralpyre，onwhichhefoundthatthelivingwidowhadbeenconsumedwiththedeadbeforehecouldinterfere。Hecouldhearthehideousdrumsandgongsandconch-shellsofthetempletowhichRadhabullubhadbeenremoved。Thereheoftentriedtoturnhisfellow-creaturestotheworshipoftheoneGod，fromtheirprostrations"beforeablackimageplacedinapagoda，withlightsburningaroundit，"whilst，hesays，he"shiveredasifstanding，asitwere，intheneighbourhoodofhell。"ItwasinthedesertedpagodathatBrown，Corrie，andParsonsmetwithhimtocommendhimtoGodbeforehesetoutforhisnewdutiesatDinapoor。"Mysoul，"hewritesofthisoccasion，"neveryethadsuchdivineenjoyment。Ifeltadesiretobreakfromthebody，andjointhehighpraisesofthesaintsabove。MayIgo\'inthestrengthofthismanydays。\'Amen。""Ifoundmyheavenbegunonearth。NoworksosweetasthatofprayingandlivingwhollytotheserviceofGod。"AndashepassedbytheMissionHouseonhisupwardvoyage，withtruecatholicity"Dr。Marshmancouldnotresistjoiningtheparty：andaftergoingalittleway，leftthemwithprayer。"DowewonderthatthesemenhavelefttheirmarkonIndia？

Asyearswentby，thetemple，thusconsecratedasaChristianoratory，becamedegradedinotherhands。Thebrand"pagodadistillery"foratimecametobeknownasmarkingtherummanufacturedthere。ThevisitsofsomanyChristianpilgrimstothespot，andaboveall，thedesireexpressedbyLordLawrencewhenGovernor-Generaltoseeit，ledtheHindoofamilywhoownthepagodatoleaveitatleastasasimpleruin。

Corrie，afterwardsthefirstbishopofMadras，describesthemarriageofDesGrangesintheoratory，andgivesusaglimpseoflifeintheSeramporeMissionHouse：——

"1806——Calcuttastrikesmeasthemostmagnificentcityintheworld；andIammademosthappybythehopeofbeinginstrumentaltotheeternalgoodofmany。Agreatopposition，Ifind，israisedagainstMartynandtheprincipleshepreaches……WentuptoSeramporeyesterday，andintheeveningwaspresentatthemarriageofMr。DesGranges。Mr。Brownenteredintotheconcernwithmuchinterest。

Thepagodawasfixedon，andlightedupforthecelebrationofthewedding；ateighto\'clockthepartiescamefromtheMissionHouse[atSerampore]，attendedbymostofthefamily。Mr。Browncommencedwiththehymn，\'Come，graciousSpirit，heavenlydove！\'Adivineinfluenceseemedtoattendus，andmostdelightfulweremysensations。Thecircumstanceofsomanybeingengagedinspreadingthegladtidingsofsalvation，——thetempleofanidolconvertedtothepurposeofChristianworship，andtheDivinepresencefeltamongus，——filledmewithjoyunspeakable。AfterthemarriageserviceoftheChurchofEngland，Mr。Browngaveout\'theWeddingHymn\'；andaftersigningcertificatesofthemarriageweadjournedtothehouse，whereMr。Brownhadprovidedsupper。TwohymnsgivenoutbyMr。Marshmanwerefeltverypowerfully。Heisamostlively，sanguinemissionary；hisconversationmademyheartburnwithinme，andIfinddesiresofspreadingtheGospelgrowingstrongerdaily，andmyzealinthecausemoreardent……IwenttotheMissionHouse，andsuppedatthesametablewithaboutfiftynativeconverts。ThetriumphoftheCrosswasmostevidentinbreakingdowntheirprejudices，andunitingthemwiththosewhoformerlywereanabominationintheireyes。AftersuppertheysangaBengalihymn，manyofthemwithtearsofjoy；andtheyconcludedwithprayerinBengali，withevidentearnestnessandemotion。Myownfeelingsweretoobigforutterance。OmaythetimebehastenedwheneverytongueshallconfessJesusChrist，tothegloryofGodtheFather！

"OnFridayevening[Oct。10th]，wehadameetinginthepagoda，atwhichalmostallthemissionaries，someoftheirwives，andCaptainWickesattended，withaviewtocommendMartyntothefavourandprotectionofGodinhiswork。TheDivinepresencewaswithus。I

feltmorethanitwouldhavebeenpropertoexpress。Mr。Browncommencedwithahymnandprayer，Mr。DesGrangessucceededhim，withmuchdevotionandsweetnessofexpression：Mr。Marshmanfollowed，anddweltparticularlyonthepromisingappearanceofthings；and，withmuchhumility，pleadedGod\'spromisesfortheenlargementofZion；withmanypetitionsforMr。Brownandhisfamily。TheservicewasconcludedbyMr。Carey，whowasearnestinprayerforMr。Brown：thepetitionthat\'havinglabouredformanyyearswithoutencouragementorsupport，intheeveningitmightbelight，\'seemedmuchtoaffecthisownmind，andgreatlyimpressedusall。AfterwardswesuppedtogetheratMr。Brown\'s……

"13thOct——IcametoSeramporetodinner。Hadapleasantsailuptheriver：thetimepassedagreeablyinconversation。Intheeveningafirewaskindledontheoppositebank；andwesoonperceivedthatitwasafuneralpile，onwhichthewifewasburningwiththedeadbodyofherhusband。Itwastoodarktodistinguishthemiserablevictim……OngoingouttowalkwithMartyntothepagoda，thenoisesounnatural，andsolittlecalculatedtoexcitejoy，raisedinmymindanawfulsenseofthepresenceandinfluenceofevilspirits。"

CorriemarriedthedaughterofMrs。Ellerton，whoknewSeramporeandCareywell。ItwasMr。Ellertonwho，whenanindigo-planteratMalda，openedthefirstBengalischool，andmadethefirstattemptattranslatingtheBibleintothatvernacular。Hisyoungwife，earlymadeawidow，witnessedaccidentallytheduelinwhichWarrenHastingsshotPhilipFrancis。ShewasanoccasionalvisitoratAldeen，andtookpartinthepagodaservices。Fiftyyearsafterwards，notlongbeforeherdeathateighty-seven，BishopWilson，whoseguestshewas，wroteofher："ShemademetakehertoHenryMartyn\'spagoda。Sherememberstheneighbourhood，andGharettyGhatandHouseinSirEyreCoote\'stime(1783)。TheancientGovernorofChinsurahandhisfatDutchwifearestillinhermind。Whenshevisitedhimwithherfirsthusband(shewasthensixteen)theoldDutchmancriedout，\'Oh，ifyouwouldfindmesuchanicelittlewifeIwouldgiveyoutenthousandrupees。\'"

ItwasinMartyn\'spagodathatClaudiusBuchananfirstbroachedhisplanofanecclesiasticalestablishmentforIndia，andinvitedthediscussionofitbyCareyandhiscolleagues。SuchaschemecamenaturallyfromonewhowasthegrandsonofaPresbyterianelderoftheChurchofScotland，convertedintheWhitefieldrevivalatCambuslang。IthadbeensuggestedfirstbyBishopPorteouswhenhereviewedtheCompany\'sacquisitionsinAsia。ItwasencouragedbyLordWellesley，whowasscandalisedonhisarrivalinIndiabythegodlessnessofthecivilservantsandtheabsenceofpracticallyanyprovisionfortheChristianworshipandinstructionofitsofficersandsoldiers，whowerealltheirliveswithoutreligion，notatenthofthemeverreturninghome。Careythuswrote，atRyland\'srequest，oftheproposal，whichresultedinthearrivalinCalcuttaofBishopMiddletonandDr。Brycein1814：——"IhavenoopinionofDr。

Buchanan\'sschemeforareligiousestablishmenthere，norcouldI

frommemorypointoutwhatisexceptionableinhismemoir。Allhisrepresentationsmustbetakenwithsomegrainsofallowance。"When，intheAldeendiscussions，Dr。BuchanantoldMarshmanthatthetemplelandswouldeventuallyanswerfortheestablishedchurchesandtheBrahmans\'landsforthechaplains，thestoutNonconformistrepliedwithemphasis，"Youwillneverobtainthem。"Wemayallaccepttheconversionoftheidolshrineintoaplaceofprayer——asGregoryI。taughtAugustineofCanterburytotransformheathentemplesintoChristianchurches——aspresagingthetimewhenthevasttempleandmosqueendowmentswillbedevotedbythepeoplethemselvestotheirownmoralifnotspiritualgoodthrougheducation，bothreligiousandsecular。

ThechangewroughtinseventeenyearsbyCareyandsuchassociatesastheseonsocietyinBengal，bothrichandpoor，becamemarkedbytheyear1810。Wefindhimwritingofitthus：——"WhenIarrivedI

knewofnopersonwhocaredabouttheGospelexceptMr。Brown，Mr。

Udny，Mr。Creighton，Mr。Grant，andMr。Brownanindigo-planter，besidesBrotherThomasandmyself。Theremightbemore，andprobablywere，thoughunknowntome。TherearenowinIndiathirty-twoministersoftheGospel。Indeed，theLordisdoinggreatthingsforCalcutta；andthoughinfidelityabounds，yetreligionisthethemeofconversationordisputeinalmosteveryhouse。Afewweeksago(October1810)，IcalledupononeoftheJudgestotakebreakfastwithhim，andgoingratherabruptlyupstairs，asIhadbeenaccustomedtodo，Ifoundthefamilyjustgoingtoengageinmorningworship。Iwasofcourseaskedtoengageinprayer，whichI

did。IafterwardstoldhimthatIhadscarcelywitnessedanythingsinceIhadbeeninCalcuttawhichgavememorepleasurethanwhatI

hadseenthatmorning。ThechangeinthisfamilywasaneffectofMr。Thomason\'sministry……AbouttendaysagoIhadaconversationwithoneoftheJudgesoftheSupremeCourt，SirJohnBoyd，uponreligioussubjects。Indeedthereisnowscarcelyaplacewhereyoucanpayavisitwithouthavinganopportunityofsayingsomethingabouttruereligion。"

Carey\'sfriendlyintercourse，bypersonandletter，wasnotconfinedtothosewhowereaggressivelyChristianortoChristianandecclesiasticalquestions。Asweshallsoonsee，hisliteraryandscientificpursuitsledhimtoconstantandfamiliarconversewithscholarslikeColebrookeandLeyden，withsavantslikeRoxburgh，theastronomerBentley，andDr。Hare，withpublicistslikeSirJamesMackintoshandRobertHall，withsuchtravellersandadministratorsasManning，thefriendofCharlesLamb，andRaffles。

InGreatBritainthenameofWilliamCareyhad，by1812，becomefamiliarasahouseholdwordinallevangelicalcircles。Themenwhohadknownhiminthedaysbefore1793werefewandold，weresoontopassawayforever。ThenewgenerationhadfedtheirChristianzealonhisachievements，andhadlearnedtolookonhim，inspiteofallhishumilitywhichonlyinflamedthatzeal，asthepioneer，thefather，thefounderofforeignmissions，English，Scottish，andAmerican。Theyhadneverseenhim；theywerenotlikelytoseehimintheflesh。Thedesireforaportraitofhimbecameirresistible。Theburningofthepress，tobehereafterdescribed，whichledevenbitterenemiesofthemissionlikeMajorScottWaringtosubscribeforitsrestoration，gavethedesiredsympatheticvoice，sothatFullerwrotetothemissionaries：——"Thepublicisnowgivingustheirpraises。EighthundredguineashavebeenofferedforDr。Carey\'slikeness……WhenyoupitchedyourtentsatSeramporeyousaid，\'WewillnotaccumulaterichesbutdevotealltoGodforthesalvationoftheheathen。\'Godhasgivenyouwhatyoudesiredandwhatyoudesirednot。Blessedmen，Godwillblessyouandmakeyouablessing。Iandothersofusmaydie，butGodwillsurelyvisityou……Expecttobehighlyapplauded，bitterlyreproached，greatlymoved，andmuchtriedineveryway。Ohthat，havingdoneall，youmaystand！"

Careywas，fortunatelyforposterity，notrebelliousinthematteroftheportrait；hewaspassive。AshesatinhisroominthecollegeofFortWilliam，hispeninhand，hisSanskritBiblebeforehim，andhisBrahmanpunditathislefthand，thesaintandthescholarintheripenessofhispowersatfiftywastransferredtothecanvaswhichhassinceadornedthewallsofRegent\'sParkCollege。AlineengravingoftheportraitwaspublishedinEnglandtheyearafterataguinea，andwidelypurchased，theprofitgoingtothemission。ThepainterwasHome，famousinhisdayastheartistwhomLordCornwallishadengagedduringthefirstwarwithTipootopreparethoseSelectViewsinMysore，theCountryofTipooSultaun，fromDrawingstakenontheSpot，whichappearedin1794。

Ofhisfoursons，Felix，William，Jabez，andJonathan，Carey\'scorrespondencewasmostfrequentatthisperiodwithWilliam，whowentforthin1807toDinapoortobeginhisindependentcareerasamissionarybythesideofFernandez。

"2ndApril1807——WehavethegreatestencouragementtogoforwardintheworkofourLordJesus，becausewehaveeveryreasontoconcludethatitwillbesuccessfulatlast。ItisthecausewhichGodhashadinHismindfrometernity，thecauseforwhichChristshedHisblood，thatforwhichtheSpiritandwordofGodweregiven，thatwhichisthesubjectofmanygreatpromises，thatforwhichthesaintshavebeenalwayspraying，andwhichGodHimselfbearsaninfiniteregardtoinHisdispensationsofProvidenceandGrace。Thesuccessthereofisthereforecertain。Beencouraged，therefore，mydearson，todevoteyourselfentirelytoit，andtopursueitasamatteroftheveryfirstimportanceeventoyourdyingday。

"GivemylovetoMr。andMrs。CreightonandtoMr。Ellerton，Mr。

Grant，oranyotherwhoknowsmeaboutMalda，alsotoournativeBrethren。"

"CALCUTTA，29thSeptember1808——AshipisjustarrivedwhichbringstheaccountthatBuonapartehastakenpossessionofthewholekingdomofSpain，andthattheRoyalfamilyofthatcountryareinprisonatBayonne。ItislikelythatTurkeyisfallenbeforenow，andwhatwillbetheendofthesewonderswecannottell。IseethewrathofGodpouredoutonthenationswhichhavesolongpersecutedHisGospel，andpreventedthespreadofHistruth。BuonaparteisbuttheministeroftheDivinevengeance，thepublicexecutionernowemployedtoexecutethesentenceofGoduponcriminalmen。He，however，hasnoendinviewbutthegratifyinghisownambition。"

"22ndDecember1808——DEARWILLIAM——Besteadfast……Walkworthyofyourhighcalling，andsoastobeapatterntootherswhomayengageinsimilarundertakings。MuchdependsuponuswhogofirsttotheworkoftheLordinthiscountry；andwehavereasontobelievethatsucceedingMinistersoftheGospelinthiscountrywillbemoreorlessinfluencedbyourexample……All，eventhebestofmen，aremorelikelytobeinfluencedbyevilexamplethanbenefitedbygood：letit，therefore，beyourbusinessandminetoliveandactforGodinallthingsandatalltimes。

"IamverygladyouwrotetoJabezandJonathan。OthatIcouldseethemconverted！"

"30thMay1809——Whenyoucomedowntakealittlepainstobringdownafewplantsofsomesort。ThereisonegrowsplentifullyaboutSadamahalwhichgrowsaboutashighasone\'sknee，andproducesalargeredflower。Puthalfadozenplantsinpots(withaholeinthebottom)。ThereisatSadamahal(forIfounditthere)

aplantwhichproducesaflowerlikeBhayt，ofapalebluishcolour，almostwhite；andindeedseveralotherthingsthere。Tryandbringsomething。Can\'tyoubringthegrasshopperwhichhasasaddleonitsback，orthebirdwhichhasalargecrestwhichheopenswhenhesettlesontheground？Iwanttogiveyoualittletastefornaturalobjects。Felixisverygoodindeedinthisrespect。"

"26thApril1809——You，mydearWilliam，aresituatedinapostwhichisverydeartomyremembrancebecausethefirstyearsofmyresidenceinIndiawerespentinthatneighbourhood。IthereforegreatlyrejoiceinanyexertionswhichyouareenabledtomakeforthecauseofourRedeemer……Shouldyou，aftermanyyears\'labour，beinstrumentalintheconversionofonlyonesoul，itwouldbeworththeworkofawholelife……IamnotsurethatIhavebeenofrealusetoanyonepersonsinceIhavebeeninthiscountry，yetIdarenotgiveuptheworkinwhichIamengaged。Indeed，notwithstandingallthediscouragementswhichIfeelfrommyownunfitnessforanypartofit，Ipreferittoeverythingelse，andconsiderthatintheworkofmyRedeemerIhavearichreward。Ifyouareenabledtopersevereyouwillfeelthesame，andwillsaywiththegreatApostle——\'IcountnotmylifedeartomethatImayfulfiltheministrywhichIhavereceivedoftheLord。\'\'Untomeisthisgrace(favour)giventhatIshouldpreachamongtheGentilestheunsearchablerichesofChrist。\'Holdon，therefore，besteadyinyourwork，andleavetheresultwithGod。

"IhavebeenthinkingofamissiontotheTenTribesofIsrael，I

meantheAfghans，whoinhabitCabul……IleavetheothersideforyourmothertowriteafewlinestoMary，towhomgivemylove。"

"CALCUTTA，1stNovember1809——YesterdaywasthedayfortheChineseexamination，atwhichJabezacquittedhimselfwithmuchhonour。I

wishhisheartweretrulysetonGod。OneofthegreatestblessingswhichIamnowanxioustoseebeforemydeathistheconversionofhimandJonathan，andtheirbeingemployedintheworkoftheLord。