第10章

WetraveledwithgreatspeedasfarasMont-Cenis，butwerecompelledtogomoreslowlyafterreachingthispass，astheweatherhadbeenverybadforseveraldays，andtheroadwaswashedoutbytherain，whichstillfellintorrents。TheEmperorarrivedatMilanatnoononthe22d；and，notwithstandingourdelayatMont-Cenis，therestofthejourneyhadbeensorapidthatnoonewasexpectingtheEmperor。Thevice-kingonlylearnedofthearrivalofhisstep-fatherwhenhewashalfaleaguefromthetown，butcameinhastetomeetusescortedonlybyafewpersons。TheEmperorgaveorderstohalt，and，assoonasthedoorwasopened，heldouthishandtoPrinceEugene，sayinginthemostaffectionatemanner:“Come，getupwithus，myfineprince；wewillentertogether。“

Notwithstandingthesurprisewhichthisunexpectedarrivalcaused，wehadhardlyenteredthetownbeforeallthehouseswereilluminated，andthebeautifulpalaces，Litta，Casani，Melzi，andmanyothers，shonewithathousandlights。Themagnificentcupolaofthecathedraldomewascoveredwithgarlandsofcoloredlights；andinthecenteroftheForum-

Bonaparte，thewalksofwhichwerealsoilluminated，couldbeseenthecolossalequestrianstatueoftheEmperor，onbothsidesofwhichtransparencieshadbeenarranged，intheshapeofstars，bearingtheinitialsSMIandR。Byeighto\'clockallthepopulacehadcollectedaroundthechateau，wheresuperbfireworksweredischarged，whilespiritedandwarlikemusicwasperformed。AllthetownauthoritieswereadmittedtotheEmperor\'spresence。

Onthemorningofthenextdaytherewasheldatthechateauacouncilofministers，overwhichtheEmperorpresided；andatnoonhemountedhishorsetotakepartinthemasscelebratedbythegrandchaplainofthekingdom。Thesquareofthecathedralwascoveredbyanimmensecrowd，throughwhichtheEmperoradvancedonhorseback，accompaniedbyhisimperialHighness，thevice-king，andhisstaff。ThenoblecountenanceofPrinceEugeneexpressedthegreatjoyhefeltinthepresenceofhisstep-father，forwhomhehadalwayssomuchrespectandfilialaffection，andinhearingtheincessantacclamationsofthepeople，whichgrewmorevociferouseverymoment。

Afterthe\'TeDeum\'，theEmperorheldareviewofthetroopsonthesquare，andimmediatelyaftersetoutwiththeviceroyforMonza，thepalaceatwhichthequeenresided。FornowomandidtheEmperormanifestmoresincereregardandrespectthanforPrincessAmelia；but，indeedtherehasneverbeenamorebeautifulorpurerwoman。ItwasimpossibletospeakofbeautyorvirtueintheEmperor\'spresencewithouthisgivingthevice-queenasanexample。PrinceEugenewasveryworthyofsoaccomplishedawife，andjustlyappreciatedherexaltedcharacter；andI

wasgladtoseeinthecountenanceoftheexcellentprincethereflectionofthehappinessheenjoyed。Amidstallthecarehetooktoanticipateeverywishofhisstep-father，Iwasmuchgratifiedthathefoundtimetoaddressafewwordstome，expressingthegreatpleasurehefeltatmypromotionintheserviceandesteemoftheEmperor。NothingcouldhavebeenmoregratefultomethanthesemarksofremembrancefromaprinceforwhomIhadalwaysretainedamostsincere，and，Imadeboldtosay，mosttender，attachment。

TheEmperorremainedalongwhilewiththevicequeen，whoseintelligenceequaledheramiabilityandherbeauty，butreturnedtoMilantodine；andimmediatelyafterwardstheladieswhowerereceivedatcourtwerepresentedtohim。Intheevening，IfollowedhisMajestytothetheateroflaScala。TheEmperordidnotremainthroughouttheplay，butretiredearlytohisapartment，andworkedthegreaterpartofthenight；whichdidnot，however，preventourbeingontheroadtoVeronabeforeeighto\'clockinthemorning。

HisMajestymadenostopatBresciaandVerona。IwouldhavebeenverygladtohavehadtimeontheroutetoexaminethecuriositiesofItaly；

butthatwasnotaneasythingtodointheEmperor\'ssuite，ashehaltedonlyforthepurposeofreviewingtroops，andpreferredvisitingfortificationstoruins。

AtVeronahisMajestydined，orrathersupped(foritwasverylate)，withtheirMajesties，theKingandQueenofBavaria，whoarrivedatalmostexactlythesametimeasourselves；andveryearlythenextdaywesetoutforVicenza。

Althoughtheseasonwasalreadyadvanced，Ifoundgreatpleasureinthescenewhichawaitsthetraveleron\'theroadfromVeronatoVicenza。

Imaginetoyourselfanimmenseplain，dividedintoinnumerablefields，eachborderedwithdifferentkindsoftreeswithslendertrunks，——mostlyelmsandpoplars，——whichformavenuesasfarastheeyecanreach。Vinestwinearoundtheirtrunks，climbeachtree，anddroopfromeachlimb；

whileotherbranchesofthesevines，looseningtheirholdonthetreewhichservesastheirsupport，droopcleartotheground，andhangingracefulfestoonsfromtreetotree。Beyondthese，lovelynaturalbowerscouldbeseenfarandwide，splendidfieldsofwheat；or，atleast，thishadbeenthecaseonmyformerjourney，butatthistimetheharvesthadbeengatheredforseveralmonths。

AttheendofadaywhichIpassedmostdelightfullyamidthesefertileplains，IenteredVicenza，wheretheauthoritiesofthetown，togetherwithalmosttheentirepopulation，awaitedtheEmperorunderasuperbarchoftriumphattheentranceofthetown。Wewereexceedinglyhungry；

andhisMajestyhimselfsaid，thateveningasheretired，thathefeltverymuchlikesittingdowntothetablewhenheenteredVicenza。I

trembled，then，attheideaofthoselongItalianaddresses，whichIhadfoundevenlongerthanthoseofFrance，doubtlessbecauseIdidnotunderstandasingleword；but，fortunately，themagistratesofVicenzaweresufficientlywell-informednottotakeadvantageofourposition，andtheirspeechesoccupiedonlyafewmoments。

ThateveninghisMajestywenttothetheater；andIwassomuchfatiguedthatIwouldhavegladlyprofitedbytheEmperor\'sabsencetotakesomerepose，hadnotanacquaintanceinvitedmetoaccompanyhimtotheconventoftheServites，inordertowitnesstheeffectoftheilluminationofthetown，whichIdid，andwasrepaidbythemagnificentspectaclewhichmetmyeyes。Thewholetownseemedoneblazeoflight。

OnreturningtothepalaceoccupiedbyhisMajesty，Ilearnedthathehadgivenordersthateverythingshouldbeinreadinessfordeparturetwohoursaftermidnight；consequentlyIhadonehourtosleep，andIenjoyedittotheutmost。

Attheappointedmoment，theEmperorenteredhiscarriage；andweweresoonrollingalongwiththerapidityoflightningovertheroadtoStra，wherewepassedthenight。Veryearlynextmorningwesetout，followingalongcausewayraisedthroughmarshes。Thelandscapeisalmostthesame，andyetnotsobeautiful，asthatwepassedbeforereachingVicenza。Westillsawgrovesofmulberryandolivetrees，fromwhichthefinestoilisobtained，andfieldsofmaizeandhemp，interspersedwithmeadows。BeyondStrathecultivationofricecommences；and，althoughtherice-fieldsmustrenderthecountryunhealthy，stillithasnotthereputationofbeingmoresothananyother。Ontherightandleftoftheroadareseeneleganthouses，andcabinswhich，thoughcoveredwiththatch，areverycomfortable，andpresentacharmingappearance。Thevineislittlecultivatedinthispartofthecountry，whereitwouldhardlysucceed，asthelandistoolowanddamp；butthereare，nevertheless，afewsmallvineyardsontheslopes，andthevegetationinthewholecountryisincrediblyrichandluxuriant。Thelatewarshavelefttraceswhichonlyalongpeacecanefface。

CHAPTERVI。

OnhisarrivalatFusinatheEmperorfoundtheVenetianauthoritiesawaitinghim，embarkedonthe\'peote\'orgondolaofthevillage，andadvancedtowardsVenice，accompaniedbyanumerousfloatingcortege。Wefollowed，theEmperorinlittleblackgondolas，whichlookedlikefloatingcoffins，withwhichtheBrentawascovered；andnothingcouldbestrangerthantohear，proceedingfromthesecoffinsofsuchgloomyaspect，deliciousvocalconcerts。TheboatwhichcarriedhisMajesty，andthegondolasoftheprincipalpersonsofhissuite，werehandsomelyornamented。

Whenwearrivedatthemouthoftheriverwewereobligedtowaitnearlyhalfanhouruntilthelockswereopened，whichwasdonebydegrees，andwitheveryprecaution；withoutwhichthewatersoftheBrenta，heldintheircanalandraisedconsiderablyabovethelevelofthesea，wouldhaverushedoutsuddenly，andintheirviolentdescenthavedrivenourgondolasalongbeforethem，orsunkthem。ReleasedatlastfromtheBrenta，wefoundourselvesinthegulf，andsawatadistance，risingfromthemidstofthesea，thewonderfulcityofVenice。Barks，gondolas，andvesselsofconsiderablesize，filledwithallthewealthypopulation，andalltheboatmenofVeniceingaladress，appearedoneveryside，passing，repassing，andcrossingeachother，ineverydirection，withthemostremarkableskillandspeed。

TheEmperorwasstandingatthebackofthepeote，and，aseachgondolapassednearhisown，repliedtotheacclamationsandcriesof“VivaNapoleoneimperatoreere！“byoneofthoseprofoundbowswhichhemadewithsomuchgraceanddignity，takingoffhishatwithoutbendinghishead，andcarryingitalonghisbodyalmosttohisknees。

Escortedbythisinnumerableflotilla，ofwhichthepeoteofthecityseemedtobetheadmiralsvessel，hisMajestyenteredatlasttheGrandCanal，whichflowedbetweenmagnificentpalaces，hungwithbannersandfilledwithspectators。TheEmperoralightedbeforethepalaceoftheprocurators，wherehewasreceivedbyadeputationofmembersoftheSenateandtheVenetiannobility。HestoppedamomentinthesquareofSt。Mark，passedthroughsomeinteriorstreets，chosethesiteforagarden，theplansforwhichthearchitectofthecitythenpresentedtohim，andwhichwerecarriedoutasifithadbeeninthemidstofthecountry。ItwasanovelsighttotheVenetianstoseetreesplantedintheopenair，whilehedgesandlawnsappearedasifbymagic。Theentireabsenceofverdureandvegetation，andthesilencewhichreignsinthestreetsofVenice，whereisneverheardthehoofofahorsenorthewheelsofacarriage，horsesandcarriagesbeingthingsentirelyunknowninthistrulymarinecity，mustgiveitusuallyasadandabandonedair；

butthisgloomentirelydisappearedduringhisMajesty\'svisit。

TheprinceviceroyandthegrandmarshalwerepresentintheeveningwhentheEmperorretired；and，whileundressinghim，Iheardapartoftheirconversation，whichturnedonthegovernmentofVenicebeforetheunionofthisrepublicwiththeFrenchEmpire。HisMajestywasalmosttheonlyspokesman，PrinceEugeneandMarshalDuroccontentingthemselveswiththrowingafewwordsintotheconversation，asiftofurnishanewtextfortheEmperor，andpreventhispausing，andthusendingtoosoonhisdiscourse；agenuinediscourse，infact，sincehisMajestytookthelead，andlefttheothersbutlittletosay。Suchwasoftenhishabit；butnoonethoughtofcomplainingofthis，sointerestingwerenearlyalwaystheEmperor\'sideas，andsooriginalandbrilliantlyexpressed。HisMajestydidnotconverse，ashadbeentruthfullysaidinthejournalwhichIhaveaddedtomymemoirs，buthespokewithaninexpressiblecharm；andonthispointitseemstomethattheauthorofthe“JournalofAix-la-

Chapelle“hasdonetheEmperorinjustice。

AsIsaidjustnow，hisMajestyspokeoftheancientStateofVenice，andfromwhathesaidonthisoccasionIlearnedmorethanIcouldhavedonefromthemostinterestingbook。Theviceroyhavingremarkedthatafewpatriciansregrettedtheirformerliberty，theEmperorexclaimed，“Liberty，whatnonsense！libertynolongerexistedinVenice，andhad，indeed，neverexistedexceptforafewfamiliesofthenobility，whooppressedtherestofthepopulation。Liberty，withaCouncilofTen！

Liberty，withtheinquisitorsofstate！Liberty，withtheverylionsasinformers，andVenetiandungeonsandbullets！“MarshalDurocremarkedthattowardstheendthesesevereregulationsweremuchmodified。“Yes，nodoubt，“——repliedtheEmperor。“ThelionofSt。Markhadgottenold；

hehadnolongereitherteethornails！Venicewasonlytheshadowofherformerself，andherlastdogefoundthatherosetoahigherrankinbecomingasenatoroftheFrenchEmpire。“HisMajesty，seeingthatthisideamadethevice-kingsmile，addedverygravely，“Iamnotjesting，gentlemen。ARomansenatorpridedhimselfonbeingmorethanaking；aFrenchsenatorisatleasttheequalofadoge。IdesirethatforeignersshallaccustomthemselvestoshowthegreatestrespecttowardstheconstitutedauthoritiesoftheEmpire，andtotreatwithgreatconsiderationeventhesimpletitleofFrenchcitizen。Iwilltakecaretoinsurethis。Good-night，Eugene。Duroc，takecaretohavethereceptionto-morrowallthatitshouldbe。Aftertheceremonywewillvisitthearsenal。Adieu，Messieurs。Constant，comebackintenminutestoputoutmylight；Ifeelsleepy。Oneiscradledlikeaninfantonthesegondolas。“

ThenextdayhisMajesty，afterreceivingthehomageoftheVenetianauthorities，repairedtothearsenal。Thisisanimmensebuilding，fortifiedsocarefullythatitwaspracticallyimpregnable。Theappearanceoftheinteriorissingularonaccountofseveralsmallislandswhichitincloses，joinedtogetherbybridges。Themagazinesandnumerousbuildingsofthefortressthusappeartobefloatingonthesurfaceofthewater。Theentranceonthelandside，bywhichwewereintroduced，isoveraveryhandsomebridgeofmarble，ornamentedwithcolumnsandstatues。Onthesidenextthesea，therearenumerousrocksandsandbanks，thepresenceofwhichisindicatedbylongpiles。Itissaidthatintimeofwarthesepilesweretakenup，whichexposedtheforeignvessels，imprudentenoughtoentanglethemselvesamongtheseshoals，tocertaindestruction。Thearsenalcouldformerlyequipeightythousandmen，bothinfantryandcavalry，independentofcompletearmamentsforwarvessels。

Thearsenalisborderedwithraisedtowers，fromwhichtheviewextendsinalldirections。Onthetallestofthesetowers，whichisplacedinthecenterofthebuilding，aswellasalltheothers，sentinelswerestationed，bothdayandnight，tosignalthearrivalofvessels，whichtheycouldseeataverygreatdistance。Nothingcanbefinerthanthedockyardsforbuildingvessels，inwhichtenthousandmencanworkwithease。Thesailsaremadebywomen，overwhomotherelderlywomenexerciseanactivesurveillance。

TheEmperordelayedonlyashorttimetolookatthe\'Bucentaure\'；whichisthetitleofthemagnificentvesselinwhichtheDogeofVenicewasaccustomedtocelebratehismarriagewiththesea；andaVenetianneverseeswithoutdeepchagrinthisoldmonumentoftheformergloryofhiscountry。I，incompanywithsomepersonsoftheEmperor\'ssuite，hadasourguideanoldmariner，whoseeyesfilledwithtearsasherelatedtousinbadFrenchthatthelasttimehewitnessedthemarriageoftheDogewiththeAdriaticSeawasin1796，ayearbeforethecaptureofVenice。

HealsotoldusthathewasatthattimeintheserviceofthelastDogeoftherepublic，LordLouisManini，andthatthefollowingyear(1797)，theFrenchenteredVeniceattheexacttimewhenthemarriageoftheDogetothesea，whichtookplaceonAscensionDay，wasusuallycelebrated，andeversincetheseahadremainedawidow。Ourgoodsailorpaidamosttouchingtributeofpraisetohisoldmaster，whohesaidhadneversucceededinforcinghimself，totaketheoathofallegiancetotheAustrians，andhadswoonedawaywhileresigningtothemthekeysofthecity。

Thegondoliersareatthesametimeservants，errandboys，confidants，andcompanionsinadventurestothepersonwhotakesthemintohisservice；andnothingcanequalthecourage，fidelity，andgayetyofthesebraveseamen。Theyexposethemselvesfearlesslyintheirslendergondolastotempests；andtheirskillissogreatthattheyturnwithincrediblerapidityinthenarrowestcanals，crosseachother，follow，andpasseachotherincessantly，withouteverhavinganaccident。

Ifoundmyselfinapositiontojudgeoftheskillofthesehardymarinersthedayafterourvisittothearsenal。HisMajestywasconductedthroughthelagoonsasfarasthefortifiedgateofMala-Mocca，andthegondoliersgaveashereturnedaboat-raceandtournamentonthewater。Onthatdaytherewasalsoaspecialrepresentationatthegrandtheater，andthewholecitywasilluminated。Infact，onemightthinkthatthereisacontinualfeteandgeneralilluminationinVenice；thecustombeingtospendthegreaterpartofthenightinbusinessorpleasure，andthestreetsareasbrilliantandasfullofpeopleasinParisatfouro\'clockintheafternoon。Theshops，especiallythoseofthesquareofSaintMark，arebrilliantlylighted，andcrowdsfillthesmalldecoratedpavilionswherecoffee，ices，andrefreshmentsofallkindsaresold。

TheEmperordidnotadopttheVenetianmodeoflife，however，andretiredatthesamehourasinParis；andwhenhedidnotpassthedayworkingwithhisministers，rodeinagondolathroughthelagoons，orvisitedtheprincipalestablishmentsandpublicbuildingsofVenice；andIthussaw，incompanywithhisMajesty，thechurchofSaintMark，andtheancientpalaceoftheDoge。

ThechurchofSaintMarkhasfiveentrances，superblydecoratedwithmarblecolumns；thegatesareofbronzeandbeautifullycarved。Abovethemiddledoorwereformerlythefourfamousbronzehorses，whichtheEmperorcarriedtoParistoornamenttheArchofTriumphonthePlaceduCarrousel。Thetowerisseparatedfromthechurchbyasmallsquare，fromthemidstofwhichitrisestoaheightofmorethanthreehundredfeet。Itisascendedbyaninclinedplatformwithoutsteps，whichisveryconvenient；andonarrivingatthesummitthemostmagnificentpanoramaisspreadoutbeforeyou，Venicewithitsinnumerableislandscoveredwithpalaces，churches，andbuildings，andextendingatadistanceintothesea；alsotheimmensedike，sixtyfeetbroad，severalfathomsdeep，andbuiltofgreatblocksofstone，whichenormousworksurroundsVeniceandallitsislands，anddefendsitagainsttherisingofthesea。

TheVenetianshavethegreatestadmirationfortheclockplacedinthetowerbearingitsname，andthemechanismofwhichshowstheprogressofthesunandmoonthroughthetwelvesignsofthezodiac。InanicheabovethedialplateisanimageoftheVirgin，whichisgildedandlifesize；anditissaidthatoncertainfetedays，eachblowofthependulummakestwoangelsappear，trumpetinhand，followedbytheThreeWiseMen，whoprostratethemselvesatthefeetoftheVirginMary。Isawnothingofallthat，butonlytwolargeblackfiguresstrikingthehourontheclockwithironclubs。

TheDoge\'spalaceisagloomybuilding；andtheprisons，whichareseparatedfromitonlybyanarrowcanal，rendertheaspectstillmoredepressing。

AtVeniceonefindsmerchantsfromeverynation，JewsandGreeksbeingverynumerous。Roustan，whounderstoodthelanguageofthelatter，wassoughtafterbythemostdistinguishedamongthem；andtheheadsofaGreekfamilycameonedaytoinvitehimtovisitthemattheirresidenceononeoftheislandswhichliearoundVenice。Roustanconfidedtomehisdesiretoacceptthisinvitation，andIwasdelightedwithhispropositionthatIshouldaccompanyhim。Onourarrivalattheirisland，wewerereceivedbyourhosts，whowereverywealthymerchants，asifwehadbeenoldfriends。Theapartment，akindofparlorintowhichwewereushered，notonlyevincedcultivationandrefinement，butgreatelegance；

alargedivanextendedaroundthehall，theinlaidfloorofwhichwascoveredwithartisticallywovenmats。Ourhostsweresixmenwhowereassociatedinthesametrade。IwouldhavebeensomewhatembarrassedhadnotoneofthemwhospokeFrenchconversedwithme，whiletheotherstalkedtoRoustanintheirnativetongue。Wewereofferedcoffee，fruits，ices，andpipes；andasIwasneverfondofsmoking，andknewbesidesthedisgustinspiredintheEmperorbyodorsingeneral，andespeciallythatoftobacco，Irefusedthepipe，andexpressedafearthatmyclothesmightbescentedbybeingsonearthesmokers。IthoughtI

perceivedthatthisdelicacyloweredmeconsiderablyintheesteemofmyhosts，notwithstandingwhich，asweleft，theygaveusmosturgentinvitationstorepeatourvisit，whichitwasimpossibletodo，astheEmperorsoonafterleftVenice。

Onmyreturn，theEmperoraskedmeifIhadbeenthroughthecity，whatI

thoughtofit，andifIhadenteredanyresidences；infact，whatseemedtomeworthyofnotice。IrepliedaswellasIcould；andashisMajestywasjusttheninamoodforlightconversation，spoketohimofourexcursion，andvisittotheGreekfamily。TheEmperoraskedmewhattheseGreeksthoughtofhim。“Sire，“repliedI，“theonewhospokeFrenchseemedentirelydevotedtoyourMajesty，andexpressedtomethehopewhichheandalsohisbrothersentertained，thattheEmperoroftheFrench，whohadsuccessfullycombatedthemamelukesinEgypt，mightalsosomedaymakehimselftheliberatorofGreece。“

“Ah，MonsieurConstant，“saidtheEmperortome，pinchingmesharply，“youaremeddlingwithpolitics。“——“Pardonme，Sire，IonlyrepeatedwhatIheard，anditisnotastonishingthatalltheoppressedcountonyourMajesty\'said。ThesepoorGreeksseemtolovetheircountrypassionately，and，aboveall，detesttheTurksmostcordially。“——“Thatisgood，“saidhisMajesty；“butImustfirstofallattendtomyownbusiness。Constant！“continuedhisMajestysuddenlychangingthesubjectofthisconversationwithwhichhehaddeignedtohonorme，andsmilingwithanironicalair，“whatdoyouthinkoftheappearanceofthebeautifulGreekwomen？HowmanymodelshaveyouseenworthyofCanovaorofDavid？“IwasobligedtoadmittohisMajestythatwhathadinfluencedmemostinacceptingRoustan\'spropositionwasthehopeofseeingafewofthesemuchvauntedbeauties，andthatIhadbeencruellydisappointedinnothavingseentheshadowofawoman。AtthisfrankavowaltheEmperor，whohadexpecteditinadvance，laughedheartily，andtookhisrevengeonmyears，callingmealibertine:“Youdonotknowthen，MonsieurleDrole，thatyourgoodfriendstheGreekshaveadoptedthecustomsofthoseTurkswhomtheydetestsocordially，andlikethemsecludetheirwivesanddaughtersinorderthattheymayneverappearbeforebadmenlikeyourself。“

AlthoughtheGreekladiesofVenicemaybecarefullywatchedbytheirhusbands，theyareneithersecludednorguardedinaseraglioliketheTurkishwomen；forduringourstayatVenice，agreatpersonspoketohisMajestyofayoungandbeautifulGreek，whowasanenthusiasticadmireroftheEmperoroftheFrench。ThisladywasveryambitiousofbeingreceivedbyhisMajestyinhisprivaterooms，andalthoughcarefullywatchedbyajealoushusband，hadfoundmeanstosendtotheEmperoraletterinwhichshedepictedtheintensityofherloveandadmiration。

Thisletter，writtenwithrealpassionandinanexaltedstrain，inspiredinhisMajestyadesiretoseeandknowtheauthor，butitwasnecessaryheshoulduseprecautions，fortheEmperorwasnotthemantoabusehispowertosnatchawomanfromherhusband；andyetallthecarethathetookinkeepingtheaffairsecretdidnotpreventherhusbandfromsuspectingtheplansofhiswife，andbeforeitwaspossibleforhertoseetheEmperor，shewascarriedawayfarfromVenice，andherprudenthusbandcarefullycoveredherstepsandconcealedherflight。WhenherdisappearancewasannouncedtotheEmperor:“Heisanoldfool，“saidhisMajesty，laughing，“whothinksheisstrongenoughtostruggleagainsthisdestiny。“HisMajestyformednootherliaisonduringourstayatVenice。

Beforeleavingthiscity，theEmperorrenderedadecreewhichwasreceivedwithinexpressibleenthusiasm，andaddedmuchtotheregretwhichhisMajesty\'sdeparturecausedtheinhabitantsofVenice。ThedepartmentoftheAdriatic，ofwhichVenicewasthechiefcity，wasenlargedinallitsmaritimecoasts，fromthetownofAquilaasfarasAdria。Thedecreeordered，moreover，thattheportshouldberepaired，thecanalsdeepenedandcleaned，thegreatwallofPalestrinaofwhichI

havespokenabove，andthejettiesinfrontofit，extendedandmaintained；thatacanalofcommunicationbetweenthearsenalofVeniceandthePassofMala-Moccoshouldbedug；andfinallythatthispassageitselfshouldbeclearedanddeepenedsufficientlyforvesselsofthelineofseventy-fourtonsburthentopassinandout。

Otherarticlesrelatedtobenevolentestablishments，theadministrationofwhichwasgiventoakindofcouncilcalledtheCongregationofCharities，andthecessiontothecityfromtheroyaldomainoftheislandofSaintChristopher，tobeusedasageneralcemetery；foruntilthenhere，asintherestofItaly，theyhadtheperniciouscustomofinterringthedeadinchurches。FinallythedecreeorderedtheadoptionofanewmodeoflightingthebeautifulsquareofSaintMark，theconstructionofnewquays，gateways，etc。

WhenweleftVenicetheEmperorwasconductedtotheshorebyacrowdofthepopulationfullyasnumerousasthatwhichwelcomedhisarrival。

Trevise，Undine，andMantuarivaledeachotherintheireagernesstoreceivehisMajestyinabecomingmanner。KingJosephhadlefttheEmperortoreturntoNaples；butPrinceMuratandthevice-kingaccompaniedhisMajesty。

TheEmperorstoppedonlytwoorthreedaysatMilan，andcontinuedhisjourney。OnreachingtheplainsofMarengo，hefoundtheretheentirepopulationofAlexandriaawaitinghim，andwasreceivedbythelightofthousandsoftorches。WepassedthroughTurinwithoutstopping，andonthe30thofDecemberagaindescendedMontCenis，andontheeveningofthe1stofJanuaryarrivedattheTuileries。

EndRECOLLECTIONSOFTHEPRIVATELIFEOFNAPOLEON，V10

BYCONSTANT

PREMIERVALETDECHAMBRE

TRANSLATEDBYWALTERCLARK

1895

CONTENTS:

CHAPTERVIII。toCHAPTERXIV。

CHAPTERVIII。

DuringthewholeRussiancampaign，theEmperorwasnearlyalwaysbadlylodged。Itwasnecessary，however，toaccommodatehimselftocircumstances；thoughthiswasasomewhatdifficulttasktothosewhowereaccustomedtolodgeinpalaces。TheEmperoracceptedthesituationbravely，andallhisfollowersconsequentlydidthesame。InconsequenceofthesystemofincendiarismadoptedasthepolicyofRussia，thewealthypartofthepopulationwithdrewintothecountry，abandoningtotheenemytheirhousesalreadyruined。Intruth，onthewholeroadleadingtoMoscow，withtheexceptionofafewunimportanttowns，thedwellingswereverywretched；andafterlongandfatiguingmarches，wewereveryhappyifwefoundevenahutattheplacetheEmperorindicatedasheadquarters。Theownersofthesemiserablehovelsonquittingthemlefttheresometimestwoorthreeseatsandwoodenbeds，inwhichwereanabundantsupplyofverminthatnoinvasioncoulddriveout。Theleastfilthyplacewaschosen，whichwasusuallythemostairy；andweknewwhenthecoldcame，icybreezeswouldnotfailus。Whenthelocationhadbeenchosen，andwedecidedtohaltthere，acarpetwasspreadontheground，theEmperor\'sironbedsteadsetup，andadressing-casecontainingeverythingnecessaryinabedroomplacedopenonasmalltable。Thiscasealsocontainedabreakfastserviceforseveralpersons，whichluxurywasdisplayedwhentheEmperorentertainedhismarshals。Itwasnecessary，atallevents，tobringourselvesdowntothehabitsofthehumblestcitizensoftheprovince。Ifthehousehadtworooms，oneservedassleepinganddiningroom，theotherforhisMajesty\'scabinet。

Theboxofbooks，geographicalmaps，theportfolio，andatablecoveredwithgreencloth，weretheentirefurniture。Thiswasalsothecouncilchamber；andfromthesebeggarlyhutsweresentforththosepromptandtrenchantdecisionswhichchangedtheorderofbattleandoftenthefortunesoftheday，andthosestrongandenergeticproclamationswhichsoquicklyreanimatedthediscouragedarmy。Whenourresidencewascomposedofthreerooms，——anextremelyrareoccurrence，thenthethirdroom，orcloset，wasoccupiedbythePrincedeNeuchatel，whoalwayssleptasnearbyaspossible。Weoftenfoundinthesewretcheddwellingsolddecayedfurnitureofsingularshapes，andlittleimagesinwoodorplasterofmaleorfemalesaintswhichtheproprietorshadleft。

Frequently，however，wefoundpoorpeopleinthesedwellings，who，havingnothingtosavefromconquest，hadremained。ThesegoodpeopleseemedmuchashamedtoentertainsobadlytheEmperoroftheFrench，gaveuswhattheyhad，andwerenot，onthataccount，lessbadlyesteemedbyus。

MoreofthepoorthanrichreceivedtheEmperorintotheirhouses；andtheKremlinwasthelastoftheforeignpalacesinwhichtheEmperorsleptduringtheRussiancampaign。

Whentherewerenohousestobefound，weerectedtheEmperor\'stent，and，inordertodivideitintothreeapartmentscurtainswerehung；inoneoftheseapartmentstheEmperorslept，thenextwastheEmperor\'scabinet，andthethirdwasoccupiedbyhisaides-de-campandofficersoftheservice；thislatterroombeingordinarilyusedastheEmperor\'sdining-room，hismealsbeingpreparedoutside。Ialonesleptinhisroom。Roustan，whoaccompaniedhisMajestyonhorseback，sleptintheentranceroomofthetent，inorderthatthesleepwhichwassonecessarytohimshouldnotbedisturbed。Thesecretariesslepteitherinthecabinetortheentranceroom。Thehigherofficersandthoseoftheserviceatewhereandwhentheycould，and，likethesimplesoldiers，madenoscrupleofeatingwithouttables。

PrinceBerthier\'stentwasnearthatoftheEmperor，andtheprincealwaysbreakfastedanddinedwithhim。Theywereliketwoinseparablefriends。Thisattachmentwasverytouching，andpointsofdifferencerarelyarosebetweenthem。Nevertheless，therewas，Ithink，alittlecoolnessbetweenhimandtheEmperoratthetimehisMajestyleftthearmyofMoscow。Theoldmarshalwishedtoaccompanyhim；buttheEmperorrefused，andthereuponensuedananimatedbutfruitlessdiscussion。

ThemealswereservedonthecampaignbyM。Colin，controllerofthekitchenservice，andRoustan，orabedroomservant。

DuringthiscampaignmorethananyothertheEmperorroseofteninthenight，putonhisdressing-gown，andworkedinhiscabinet:frequentlyhehadinsomnia，whichhecouldnotovercome；andwhenthebedatlastbecameunbearable，hesprangfromitsuddenly，tookabookandread，walkingbackandforth，andwhenhisheadwassomewhatrelievedlaydownagain。Itwasveryrarelyhesleptthewholeoftwonightsinsuccession；butoftenheremainedthusinthecabinettillthehourforhistoilet，whenhereturnedtohisroomandIdressedhim。TheEmperortookgreatcareofhishands；butonthiscampaignhemanytimesneglectedthisspeciesofcoquetry，andduringtheexcessiveheatdidnotweargloves，astheyinconveniencedhimsogreatly。Heenduredthecoldheroically，thoughitwaseasytoseehesufferedmuchfromitphysically。

AtWitepsktheEmperor，findingthespaceinfrontofthehouseinwhichhehadhisquarterstoosmalltoholdareviewofthetroops，hadseveralsmallbuildingstorndowninordertoenlargeit。Therewasasmalldilapidatedchapelwhichitwasalsonecessarytodestroyinordertoaccomplishthis，andithadbeenalreadypartlytorndown，whentheinhabitantsassembledinlargenumbers，andloudlyexpressedtheirdisapprobationofthismeasure。ButtheEmperorhavinggivenhisconsenttotheirremovingthesacredobjectscontainedinthechapel，theywerepacified；and，armedwiththisauthority，severalamongthementeredthesacredplace，andemergedbearingwithgreatsolemnitywoodenimagesofimmenseheight，whichtheydepositedintheotherchurches。

Wewerewitnesseswhileinthistownofasingularspectacle，andonewellcalculatedtoshockoursenseofdecency。Formanydaysduringtheintenseheatwesawtheinhabitants，bothmenandwomen，rushingtothebanksoftheriver，removingtheirclothingwiththegreatestindifferencetospectators，andbathingtogether，mostofthemnearlynaked。Thesoldiersoftheguardtookpleasureinminglingwiththesebathersofbothsexes；butasthesoldierswerenotsodecorousastheinhabitants，andastheimprudenciescommittedbyourmensoonwenttoofar，theseworthypeoplerelinquishedthepleasuresoftheirbath，verymuchdispleasedbecausesportwasmadeofanexercisetheyhadenjoyedwithsomuchgravityandseriousness。

OneeveningIwaspresentatagrandreviewofthefootgrenadiersoftheguard，inwhichalltheregimentsseemedtotakemuchdelight，sinceitwasinhonoroftheinstallationofGeneralFriant——[LouisFriant，borninPicardy，1758；brigadier-general，1794；

servedontheRhineandinItaly；accompaniedNapoleontoEgypt，andbecamegeneralofdivision；woundedatAusterlitz(1805)，andwasatJenaandWagram；commandedthegrenadiersoftheguardinRussiancampaign，andwasseverelywoundedatWaterloo；died1829]——

ascommanderofthecorps。TheEmperorgavehimtheaccolade，whichwastheonlyoccasiononwhichIsawthisdoneduringthecampaign；andasthegeneralwasmuchbelovedbythearmy，itwasamidsttheacclamationsofallthathereceivedthishonorfromtheEmperor。

Promotionswereusuallywelcomedbythesoldierswithgreatenthusiasm，fortheEmperorrequiredthattheyshouldtakeplacewithmuchpompandceremony。

ManypersonsthoughtthattobeneartheEmperorwasaproofofbeingwellprovidedforonthecampaign。Thisisagreatmistake，aseventhekingsandprinceswhoaccompaniedhisMajestyonhiscampaignscouldeasilyprove；andifthesegreatpersonageslackedabsolutenecessaries，itmaywellbebelievedthatthepersonscomprisingthedifferentservicesfaredbadly。TheEmperorhimselfoftendispensedwithordinarycomfortswhichwouldhavebeenveryagreeabletohimafterthefatiguesoftheday。

Atthehourforthebivouacitwasageneral“lodgewhocan；“butthepoorestsoldierneverhadinhisdeprivationthechagrinofseeinghissuperiorsenjoyingabundanceandscandalousluxury。Thefirstgeneralsofthearmyoftendinedonammunition-breadwithasmuchpleasureasthesimplesoldier，andontheretreatthemiserycouldnothavebeenmoregeneral。Thisideaofdeprivationssharedbyalldidmuchtorestorehopeandenergytothemostdiscouraged；and，Imayadd，neverhasmorereciprocalsympathybetweenchiefsandsoldiersbeenseen，insupportofwhichstatementinnumerableinstancescouldbegiven。

Wheneveningcamethefireswerekindled，andthoseforagerswhohadbeenmostsuccessfulinvitedtheircompanionstosharetheirgoodcheer。Intheworsttimestherewaspoor，yetstillnottheworst，faretooffer，consistingofslicesofbroiledhorse-flesh。

Manysoldiersdeprivedthemselvesofsomevaluablebootytoofferittotheirchief，andselfishnesswasnotsogeneralthatthisnobleFrenchcourtesydidnotreappearfromtimetotimetorecallthehappydaysofFrance。Strawwasthebedofall；andthoseofthemarshalswhoinParissleptonmostluxuriousbedsofdowndidnotfindthiscouchtoohardinRussia。

M。deBeaussethasgivenmeaveryamusingaccountofonenight，whensleepingpell-mellonalittlestraw，inverynarrowquarters，theaides-

de-campattendingupontheEmperorsteppedmercilesslyonthelimbsoftheirsleepingcompanions，who，fortunately，didnotallsufferfromgoutlikeM。Beausset，andwerenotinjuredbysuchsuddenandoft-repeatedonslaughts。Hecried，“Whatbrutes！“anddrawinghislegsunderhim，cowereddowninhiscorneruntilthispassingandrepassinghadceasedforawhile。

Picturetoyourselflargerooms，filthy，unfurnished，andopentothewind，whichenteredthrougheverywindow，nearlyalltheglassofwhichwasbroken，withcrumblingwallsandfetidair，whichwewarmedaswellaspossiblewithourbreath，avastlitterofstrawpreparedasifforhorses，andonthislittermenshiveringwithcold，throwingthemselvesabout，pressingagainsteachother，murmuring，swearing，someunabletoclosetheireyes，othersmorefortunatesnoringloudly，andinthemidstofthismassoflegsandfeet，ageneralawakeninginthenightwhenanorderfromtheEmperorarrived，andyoumayformanideaoftheinnandtheguests。

Asformyself，duringtheentirecampaignIdidnotasingletimeundresstoretiretobed，forIneverfoundoneanywhere。Itwasnecessarytosupplythisdeficiencybysomemeans；andasitiswellknownthatnecessityiseverreadywithinventions，wesupplieddeficiencyinourfurnishingsinthefollowingmanner:wehadgreatbagsofcoarseclothmade，intowhichweentered，andthusprotected，threwourselvesonalittlestraw，whenwewerefortunateenoughtoobtainit；andforseveralmonthsItookmyrestduringthenightinthismanner，andeventhisI

frequentlycouldnotenjoyforasmanyasfiveorsixnightsatatime，soexactingweretherequirementsofmyposition。

Ifitisrememberedthatallthesesufferingscontinuedintheirpettydetailseachday，andthatwhennightcamewehadnotevenabedonwhichtostretchourwearylimbs，someideamaybeformedoftheprivationsweenduredonthiscampaign。TheEmperorneverutteredawordofcomplaintwhenbesetbysuchdiscomforts，andhisexampleinspireduswithcourage；

andatlastwebecamesoaccustomedtothisfatiguingandwanderingexistence，that，inspiteofthecoldandprivationsofeverysorttowhichweweresubjected，weoftenjestedaboutthedaintyarrangementsofourapartments。TheEmperoronthecampaignwasaffectedonlybythesufferingsofothers，thoughhishealthwassometimessomuchimpairedastocauseanxiety，especiallywhenhedeniedhimselfallrestnotabsolutelyrequired；andyetIheardhimconstantlyinquiringiftherewerelodgingsforall，andhewouldnotbesatisfieduntilfullyinformedofeveryparticular。

AlthoughtheEmperornearlyalwayshadabed，thepoorquartersinwhichitwassetupwereoftensofilthy，thatinspiteofallthecaretakentocleanit，Imorethanoncefoundonhisclothingakindofverminverydisagreeable，andverycommoninRussia。WesufferedmorethantheEmperorfromthisinconvenience，beingdeprivedaswewereofproperlinenandotherchangesofclothing，sincethegreaterpartofoureffectshadbeenburnedwiththewagonscontainingthem。Thisextrememeasurehadbeentaken，asIhavesaid，forgoodreasons，allthehorseshavingdiedfromcoldorfamine。

WewerelittlebetterlodgedinthepalaceoftheCzarsthanonthebivouac。Forseveraldayswehadonlymattresses；butasalargenumberofwoundedofficershadnone，theEmperororderedourstobegiventhem。

Wemadethesacrificewillingly，andthethoughtthatwewereassistingothersmoreunfortunatethanourselveswouldhavemadethehardestbedendurable。Besides，inthiswarwehadmorethanoneopportunitytolearnhowtoputasideallfeelingsofegotismandnarrowpersonality；

andhadwebeenguiltyofsuchforgetfulness，theEmperorwaseverreadytorecallustothisplainandsimpleduty。

CHAPTERIX。

Theonlytoofamoustwenty-ninthbulletinofthegrandarmywasnotpublishedinParis，wheretheconsternationitspreadthroughallclassesiswellknown，untilthe16thofDecember；andtheEmperor，followingcloseupontheheelsofthissolemnmanifestoofourdisasters，arrivedinhiscapitalforty-eighthoursafter，asifendeavoringtoannulbyhispresencetheevileffectswhichthiscommunicationmightproduce。Onthe28th，athalfpastelevenintheevening，hisMajestyalightedatthepalaceoftheTuileries。ThiswasthefirsttimesincehisaccessiontotheconsulatethatParishadwitnessedhisreturnfromacampaignwithoutannouncinganewpeaceconqueredbythegloryofourarms。Underthesecircumstances，thenumerouspersonswhofromattachmenttotheEmpressJosephinehadalwaysseenorimaginedtheysawinherakindofprotectingtalismanofthesuccessoftheEmperor，didnotfailtoremarkthatthecampaignofRussiawasthefirstwhichhadbeenundertakensincetheEmperor\'smarriagetoMarieLouise。Withoutanysuperstition，itcouldnotbedeniedthat，althoughtheEmperorwasalwaysgreatevenwhenfortunewascontrarytohim，therewasaverymarkeddifferencebetweenthereignofthetwoEmpresses。Theonewitnessedonlyvictoriesfollowedbypeace。Andtheother，onlywars，notdevoidofglory，butdevoidofresults，untilthegrandandfatalconclusionintheabdicationatFontainebleau。

ButitisanticipatingtoomuchtodescribehereeventswhichfewmendaredtopredictdirectlyafterthedisastersofMoscow。Alltheworldknowsthatthecoldandafreezingtemperaturecontributedmoretoourreversesthantheenemy，whomwehadpursuedevenintotheheartofhisburningcapital。Francestillofferedimmenseresources；andtheEmperorwasnowthereinpersontodirecttheiremploymentandincreasetheirvalue。Besides，nodefectionwasasyetapparent；and，withtheexceptionofSpain，Sweden，andRussia，theEmperorconsideredalltheEuropeanpowersasallies。ItistruethemomentwasapproachingwhenGeneralYorckwouldgivethesignal，——foraswellasIcanrecall，thefirstnewscametotheEmperoronthe10thofthefollowingJanuary，——anditwaseasytoseethathisMajestywasprofoundlyaffectedbyit，ashesawthatPrussiawouldhavemanyimitatorsintheothercorpsofthealliedarmies。

AtSmorghoni，wheretheEmperorhadleftmesettingout，asIhavebeforerelated，withtheDukeofVicenzainthecoachwhichhadbeendestinedforme，scarcelyanythingwasthoughtofbuthowtoextricateourselvesfromthefrightfulsituationinwhichwefoundourselvesplaced。IwellrememberthatafterafewregretsthattheEmperorwasnotinthemidstofhislieutenants，theideaofbeingassuredthathehadescapedfromalldangerbecamethedominantsentiment，somuchconfidencedidallplaceinhisgenius。Moreover，indeparting，hehadgiventhecommandtotheKingofNaples，whosevalorthewholearmyadmired，althoughitissaidthatafewmarshalsweresecretlyjealousofhisroyalcrown。I

havelearnedsince，thattheEmperorreachedWarsawonthe10th，havingavoidedpassingthroughWilnabymakingacircuitthroughthesuburbs；

andatlast，afterpassingthroughSilesia，hehadarrivedatDresden，wherethegoodandfaithfulKingofSaxony，althoughveryill，hadhimselfbornetotheEmperor。FromthisplacehisMajestyhadfollowedtheroadbyNassauandMayence。

Ifollowedalsothesameroute，butnotwiththesamerapidity，althoughIlostnotime。Everywhere，andaboveallinPolandattheplaceswhereIstopped，IwasastonishedtofindthefeelingofsecurityIsawmanifested。FromalldirectionsIheardthereportthattheEmperorwastoreturnattheheadofanarmyofthreehundredthousandmen。TheEmperorhadbeenknowntodosuchsurprisingthings，thatnothingseemedimpossible；andIlearnedthathehimselfhadspreadthesereportsonhispassage，inordertorestorethecourageofthepopulation。InseveralplacesIcouldprocurenohorses；andconsequently，inspiteofallmyzeal，IdidnotreachParisuntilsixoreightdaysaftertheEmperor。

Ihadhardlyalightedfrommycarriage，whentheEmperor，whohadbeeninformedofmyarrival，hadmesummoned。IobservedtothemessengerthatIwasnotinaconditionwhichwouldallowmetopresentmyselfbeforehisMajesty。“Thatmakesnodifference，“repliedhe；“theEmperorwishesyoutocomeimmediately，justasyouare。“Iobeyedinstantly；

andwent，orratherran，totheEmperor\'scabinet，whereIfoundhimwiththeEmpress，QueenHortense，andanotherpersonwhosenameIdonotperfectlyrecall。TheEmperordeignedtogivemeamostcordialwelcome；

andastheEmpressseemedtopaynoattentiontome，saidtoherinamannerwhosekindnessIshallneverforget，“Louise，doyounotrecognizeConstant？“

“Iperceivedhim。“——[ElsewhereConstanthasstatedherreplywas，“Ihadnotperceivedhim。“]——ThiswastheonlyreplyofherMajestytheEmpress；butsuchwasnotthecasewithQueenHortense，whowelcomedmeaskindlyasheradorablemotherhadalwaysdone。

TheEmperorwasverygay，andseemedtohaveforgottenallhisfatigue。

Iwasabouttoretirerespectfully；buthisMajestysaidtome，“No，Constant，remainaminutelonger，andtellmewhatyousawonyourroad。“

EvenifIhadanyintentiontoconcealfromtheEmperorapartofthetruth，takenthusunawaresIshouldhavelackedthetimetoprepareanagreeablefalsehood；soIsaidtohimthateverywhere，eveninSilesia，myeyeshadbeenstruckbythesamefrightfulspectacle，foreverywhereI

hadseenthedeadandthedying，andpoorunfortunatesstrugglinghopelesslyagainstcoldandhunger。“Thatistrue，thatistrue，“hesaid；“goandrest，mypoorboy，youmustbeinneedofit。To-morrowyouwillresumeyourservice。“

Thenextday，infact，IresumedmydutiesneartheEmperor，andIfoundhimexactlythesameashehadbeenbeforeenteringonthecampaign；thesameplaciditywasevidentonhiscountenance。Itwouldhavebeensaidthatthepastwasnolongeranythingtohim；andlivingeverinthefuture，healreadysawvictoryperchedagainonourbanner，andhisenemieshumiliatedandvanquished。Itistruethatthenumerousaddresseshereceived，anddiscourseswhichwerepronouncedinhispresencebythepresidentsofthesenateandthecouncilofstate，werenolessflatteringthanformerly；butitwasveryevidentinhisrepliesthatifhepretendedtoforgetthisdisastrousexperienceinRussia，hewasmoredeeplyconcernedabouttheaffairofGeneralMaletthananythingelse——

[InthereplyoftheEmperortothecouncilofstateoccurredthefollowingremarkablepassage，whichitmaynotbeamisstorepeatatthisperiodasverysingular:

“Itistoidealismandthatgloomyspeciesofmetaphysicswhich，seekingsubtilelyforfirstcauses，wishestoplaceonsuchfoundationsthelegislationofapeople，insteadofadaptingthelawstotheirknowledgeofthehumanheart，andtothelessonsofhistory，thatitisnecessarytoattributeallthemisfortunesourbeautifulFrancehasexperienced。Theseerrorshavenecessarilyledtotheruleofthemenofblood。Infact，whohasproclaimedtheprincipleofinsurrectionasaduty？Whohaspaidadulationtothenationwhileclaimingforitasovereigntywhichitwasincapableofexercising？Whohasdestroyedthesanctityandrespectforthelaws，inmakingthemdepend，notonthesacredprinciplesofjustice，orthenatureofthingsandonciviljustice，butsimplyonthewillofanassemblyofmenstrangerstotheknowledgeofcivil，criminal，administrative，political，andmilitarylaw？Whenoneiscalledontoregenerateastate，therearedirectlyoppositeprinciplesbywhichonemustnecessarilybeguided。“——NOTEBYTHE

EDITORofFRENCHEDITION。

ClaudeFrancoisdeMalet，bornatDole，1754。In1806wasageneralofficer，andwasdismissedtheservice。PlottingagainsttheEmperor，hewasimprisonedfrom1808to1812。OnOctober24heissuedaproclamationthattheEmperorhaddiedinRussia，andthathe(Malet)hadbeenappointedGovernorofParisbythesenate。HemadeSavaryprisoner，andshotGeneralHullin。HewasmadeprisonerinturnbyGeneralLaborde，andsummarilyshot-TRANS。[See“TheMemoirs“byBourrienneforthedetailofthisplot。D。W。]——

AsformyselfIcannotdenythepainfulfeelingsIexperiencedthefirsttimeIwentoutinParis，andpassedthroughthepublicpromenadesduringmyhoursofleisure；forIwasstruckwiththelargenumberofpersonsinmourningwhomImet，——thewivesandsistersofourbravesoldiersmoweddownonthefieldsofRussia；butIkeptthesedisagreeableimpressionstomyself。

AfewdaysaftermyreturntoParistheirMajestieswerepresentattheoperawhere\'JerusalemDelivered\'waspresented。IoccupiedaboxwhichCountdeRemusathadthekindnesstolendmeforthatevening(hewasfirstchamberlainoftheEmperor，andsuperintendentoftheaters)，andwitnessedthereceptiongiventheEmperorandEmpress。NeverhaveIseenmoreenthusiasmdisplayed，andImustavowthatthetransitionseemedtomemostsuddenfromtherecentpassageoftheBeresinatothosetrulymagicalscenes。ItwasonSunday，andIleftthetheateralittlebeforethecloseinordertoreachthepalacebeforetheEmperor\'sreturn。I

wasthereintimetoundresshim，andIwellrememberthathisMajestyspoketomethateveningofthequarrelbetweenTalmaandGeoffroywhichhadoccurredafewdaysbeforehisarrival。TheEmperor，althoughhehadahighopinionofTalma，thoughthimcompletelyinthewrong，andrepeatedseveraltimes，“Amanofhisage！Amanofhisage！thatisinexcusable。Zounds！“addedhe，smiling，“donotpeoplespeakevilofmealso？HaveInotalsocriticswhodonotspareme？HeshouldnotbemoresensitivethanI“Thisaffair，however，hadnodisagreeableresultforTalma；fortheEmperorwasmuchattachedtohim，andoverwhelmedhimwithpensionsandpresents。

Talmainthisrespectwasamongtheveryprivilegedfew；forgivingpresentswasnotinhisMajesty\'srole，especiallytothoseinhisprivateservice。Itwasthennearthe1stofJanuary；butwebuiltnoaircastlesatthisperiod，fortheEmperornevermadegifts。Weknewthatwecouldnotexpectanyemoluments；thoughI，especially，couldexercisenoeconomy，fortheEmperorrequiredthatmytoiletshouldalwaysbeextremelyelegant。ItwassomethingreallyextraordinarytoseethemasterofhalfofEuropenotdisdainingtooccupyhimselfwiththetoiletofhisvaletdechambre；evengoingsofarthatwhenhesawmeinanewcoatwhichpleasedhimheneverfailedtocomplimentmeonit，adding，“Youareveryhandsome，MonsieurConstant。“

EvenontheoccasionofthemarriageoftheEmperorandMarieLouise，andthatofthebirthoftheKingofRome，thosecomposingtheprivateserviceofhisMajestyreceivednopresent，andtheEmperorthoughttheexpensesoftheseceremoniestoogreat。Ononeoccasion，however，butnotinconsequenceofanyunusualcircumstance，theEmperorsaidtomeonemorningasIfinisheddressinghim，“Constant，gotoM。Meneval；I

havegivenhimorderstoallowyoueighteenhundredlivresofincome。“

Now，ithappenedthatthefundshadgoneupintheintervalbetweentheorderanditsexecution；andinsteadofreceivingeighteenhundredlivresofrent，Ireceivedonlyseventeen，whichIsoldashorttimeafter，andwiththeproductofthissaleboughtamodestpieceofpropertyintheforestofFontainebleau。

SometimestheEmperormadepresentstotheprincesandprincessesofhisfamily，ofwhichIwasnearlyalwaysthebearer；andIcanassertthatwithtwoorthreerareexceptionsthisdutywasperfectlygratuitous，acircumstancewhichIrecallheresimplyasarecollection。QueenHortenseandPrinceEugenewereneverincluded，accordingtomyrecollection，inthedistributionofImperialgifts，andthePrincessPaulinewasmostoftenfavored。

InspiteofthenumerousoccupationsoftheEmperor，whoafterhisreturnfromthearmyspentmuchtimeduringtheday，andmostofthenights，workinginhiscabinet，heshowedhimselfmorefrequentlyinpublicthanheretofore，goingoutalmostwithoutescort。Onthe2dofJanuary，1813，forinstance，Irememberhewent，accompaniedonlybyMarshalDuroc，tovisitthebasilicaofNotreDame，theworksofthearchbishopric，thoseofthecentraldepotofwines，andthen，crossingthebridgeofAusterlitz，thegranaries，thefountainoftheelephant，andfinallythepalaceoftheBourse，whichhisMajestyoftensaidwasthehandsomestbuildingthenexistinginEurope。Nexttohispassionforwar，thatformonumentswasstrongestintheEmperor\'sheart。ThecoldwasquiteseverewhilehisMajestywastakingthesesolitaryexcursions；butinfactthecoldweatherinParisseemedaverymildtemperaturetoallwhohadjustreturnedfromRussia。

Iremarkedatthistime，thatistosayattheendof1812andthebeginningof1813，thattheEmperorhadneverhuntedsofrequently。TwoorthreetimesaweekIassistedhimtodonhishunting-costume，whichhe，likeallpersonsofhissuite，woreinaccordancewiththerecentlyrevivedusageoftheancientmonarchy。

TheEmpressoftenaccompaniedhiminacoach，althoughthecoldwasintense；butwhenhegaveanordertherewasnothingtobesaid。KnowinghowdistastefulthepleasuresofthechaseordinarilyweretohisMajesty，Iwassurprisedatthisrecentfondnesshemanifested，butsoonlearnedthathewasactingpurelyfrompoliticalmotives。OnedayMarshalDurocwasinhisroom，whilehewasputtingonhisgreencoatwithgoldlace；andIheardtheEmperorsaytothemarshal，“ItisverynecessarythatIshouldbeinmotion，andhavethejournalsspeakofit；

fortheimbecileswhowritefortheEnglishjournalsrepeateverydaythatIamsick，thatIcannotmove，andamnolongergoodforanything。

Havepatience！IwillsoonshowthemthatIhaveasmuchstrengthofbodyasofmind。“Besidesallthis，IthinkthattheexerciseofhuntinginmoderationwasverygoodfortheEmperor\'shealth；forIneversawhiminbetterconditionthanduringtheverytimetheEnglishjournalstookpleasureindescribinghimasill，andperhapsbythesefalsestatementswerecontributingtostillfurtherimprovehishealth。

CHAPTERX。

Onthe19thofJanuarytheEmperorsenttoinformtheEmpressthathewastohuntinthewoodofGrosbois，andwouldbreakfastwiththePrincessdeNeuchatel，andrequestedthatherMajestywouldaccompanyhim。TheEmperororderedmealsotobeatGrosboisinordertoassisthiminchanginghislinenafterthehunt。Thishunting-partytookplaceaccordingtoannouncement；buttotheunboundedamazementoftheentiresuiteoftheEmperor，justaswewereonthepointofre-enteringourcarriages，insteadoftakingtheroadtoParis，hisMajestygaveorderstoproceedtoFontainebleau。TheEmpressandtheladieswhoaccompaniedherhadnothingexcepttheirhuntingcostumes，andtheEmperorwasmuchdivertedbythetribulationstheirvanityunderwentinbeingunexpectedlyengagedinacampaignwithouttoiletequipments。BeforeleavingParistheEmperorhadgivenordersthatthereshouldbesentinallhastetoFontainebleauallthatthe“Empresscouldneed；butherladiesfoundthemselvestotallyunprovidedfor，anditwasveryamusingtoseethemimmediatelyontheirarrivalexpediteexpressafterexpressforobjectsofprimenecessitywhichtheyorderedshouldbesentposthaste。

Nevertheless，itwassoonevidentthatthehunting-partyandbreakfastatGrosboishadbeensimplyapretext，andthattheEmperor\'sobjecthadbeentoputanendtothedifferenceswhichhadforsometimeexistedbetweenhisHolinessandhisMajesty。Everythinghavingbeensettledandprearranged，theEmperorandthePopesignedonthe25thanagreementunderthenameofConcordat，ofwhichthisisthepurport:

“HisMajesty，theEmperorandKing，andhisHoliness，wishingtosettlethedifferenceswhichhadarisenbetweenthem，andprovidefordifficultieswhichhaveunexpectedlyariseninregardtovariousaffairsofthechurch，haveagreedonthefollowingarticlesasformingabasisforadefinitearrangement。

ART。1。HisHolinesswillexercisethepontificateinFrance，andintheKingdomofItaly，inthesamemannerandunderthesameregulationsashispredecessors。

2。Theambassadors，ministers，andchargesd\'affairestotheHolyFather，andtheambassadors，ministers，andchargesd\'affairesfromhimtoforeignpowers，willenjoytheimmunitiesandprivilegesofmembersofthediplomaticcorps。

3。ThedomainspossessedbytheHolyFather，andwhichhavenotbeenalienated，shallbeexemptfromallkindsofimpost；theyshallbeadministeredbyhisagentsorrepresentatives。Thosewhichhavebeenalienatedshallbereplacedtothevalueoftwomillionfrancsofrevenue。

4。DuringthesixmonthswhichusuallyfollowthenotificationofappointmentsmadebytheEmperortothearchbishopricsandbishopricsoftheEmpireandtheKingdomofItalythePopeshallperformthecanonicalinstitutioninconformitywiththeConcordat，andbyvirtueofthepresentagreement；previousinformationconcerningwhichshallbegivenbythearchbishop。IfsixmonthsshallexpirewithoutthePopehavingperformedthisinstitution，thearchbishop，andinhisabsence，wherehisdutiesareconcerned，theseniorbishopoftheprovince，shallproceedtotheinstitutionoftheaforementionedbishop，totheendthataseeshallneverbevacantmorethanoneyear。

5。ThePopeshallappointinFranceandintheKingdomofItalytotenbishoprics，whichshalllaterbedesignatedbymutualagreement。

6。Thesixsuburbanbishopricsshallbere-established，andshallbeappointedtobythePope。Thepropertynowheldshallberestored，andsimilarmeasurestakeninregardtothatalreadysold。

OnthedeathofthebishopsofAnagniandRieti，theirdiocesesshallbeunitedwiththatofthesixbishopsaforesaid，inconformitywiththeagreementbetweenhisMajestyandtheHolyFather。

7。InrespecttothebishopsoftheRomanStates，unavoidablyabsentfromtheirdioceses，theHolyFathershallexercisehisrightofbestowingbishoprics\'inpartibus\'。Heshallgivethemapensionequaltotherevenuetheyformerlyenjoyed，andtheirplacesintheseesthusvacatedshallbesupplied，bothintheEmpireandtheKingdomofItaly。

8。HisMajestyandHisHolinesswillagreeonsomeopportuneoccasionastothereductiontobemadeinthebishopricsofTuscany，andtheprovinceofGenoa，aswellasthosetobeestablishedinHolland，andtheHanseaticdepartments。

9。Thepropaganda，thepenitentialcourt，andthecourtofarchivesshallbeestablishedintheplaceofresidenceoftheHolyFather。

10。HisMajestypardonsfreelythecardinals，bishops，priests，andlaitywhohaveincurredhisdisgraceinconsequenceofcertainevents。

11。TheHolyFatheragreestotheaboveresolutionsinconsiderationoftheexistingconditionofthechurch，andhisconfidencethathisMajestywillgranthispowerfulassistancetotheneedsofthechurch，whicharesonumerousinthetimesinwhichwelive。“

NAPOLEON。PIUSVII。

Fontainebleau，25January，1813。

IthasbeenattemptedbyeverypossiblemeanstothrowodiumontheconductoftheEmperorinthisaffair。HehasbeenaccusedofhavinginsultedthePope，andevenofhavingthreatenedhim，allofwhichismostsignallyfalse。Everythingwasarrangedinthemostagreeablemanner。M。Devoisin，bishopofNantes，anecclesiasticwhowashighlyesteemedbytheEmperor，andwashisfavoritemediator，inthefrequentpointsofdifferencewhicharosebetweenthePopeandhisMajesty，hadcometotheTuileriesonthe19thofJanuary，andafterbeingclosetedwiththeEmperorfortwohours，hadleftforFontainebleau。AnditwasimmediatelyafterthisinterviewthattheEmperorenteredhiscarriagewiththeEmpressinhuntingcostume，followedbythewholesuite，similarlyattired。

ThePope，forewarnedbytheBishopofNantes，awaitedhisMajesty；andasthemostimportantpointshadbeendiscussedandarrangedinadvance，andonlyafewclausesaccessorytothemainbodyoftheConcordatremainedtobedecided，itwasimpossiblethattheinterviewshouldhavebeenotherwisethanamicable，atruthwhichisstillmoreevidentwhenwereflectonthekindfeelingsoftheHolyFathertowardstheEmperor，theirfriendshipforeachother，andtheadmirationinspiredinthePopebythegreatgeniusofNapoleon。Iaffirmthen，andIthinkwithgoodreason，thattheaffairwasconductedinamosthonorablemanner，andthattheConcordatwassignedfreelyandwithoutcompulsionbyhisHoliness，inpresenceofthecardinalsassembledatFontainebleau。Itisanatrociouscalumnywhichsomeonehasdaredtomakethat，onthereiteratedrefusalofthePope，theEmperorplacedinhishandapendippedinink，andseizinghimbythearmandhair，forcedhimtosign，sayingthatheorderedit，andthathisdisobediencewouldbepunishedbyperpetualimprisonment。TheonewhoinventedthisabsurdfabricationmusthaveknownlittleoftheEmperor\'scharacter。Apersonwhowaspresentatthisinterview，thecircumstancesofwhichhavebeensofalsified，relatedthemtome，andismyauthorityonthesubject。

ImmediatelyonhisarrivalatFontainebleau，theEmperorpaidavisittotheHolyFather，whoreturneditnextday，remainingtwohoursatleast；

andduringthistimehisMajesty\'smannerwascalmandfirm，itistrue，butfullofrespectandkindfeelingforthepersonofthevenerablePope。AfewstipulationsoftheproposedtreatyalarmedtheconscienceoftheHolyFather，whichtheEmperorperceived；andwithoutwaitingforanyargumentsdeclaredthathewouldrenouncethem，andeveryscrupleremaininginthemindoftheHolyFatherbeingthussatisfied，asecretarywascalled，whodrewupthearticles，whichthePopeapprovedonebyone，withmostpaternalbenignity。

Onthe25thofJanuary，aftertheConcordatwasdefinitelysettled，theHolyFatherrepairedtotheapartmentsofherMajestytheEmpress；andbothofthecontractingpartiesappearedequallywellsatisfied，whichisasufficientproofthatneithertreacherynorviolencehadbeenused。

TheConcordatwassignedbytheaugustpartiesinthemidstofamagnificentassemblageofcardinals，bishops，soldiers，etc。CardinalDoriaperformedthedutiesofgrandmasterofceremonies，anditwashewhoreceivedthesignatures。

Acountlessnumberofcongratulationsweregivenandreceived，pardonsaskedandobtained，andrelics，decorations，chaplets，andtobacco-boxesdistributedbybothparties。CardinalDoriareceivedfromhisMajestythegoldeagleoftheLegionofHonor。ThegreateaglewasalsogiventoCardinalFabricioRuffo；CardinalMaury，theBishopofNantes，andtheArchbishopofToursreceivedthegrandcrossoftheorderoftheReunion；

theBishopsofEvreuxandTreves，thecrossofofficersoftheLegionofHonor；andfinallytheCardinalofBayonneandtheBishopofEvreuxweremadesenatorsbyhisMajesty。DoctorPorta，thePope\'sphysician，waspresentedwithapensionoftwelvethousandfrancs，andtheecclesiasticalsecretarywhoenteredthecabinettocopythearticlesoftheConcordatreceivedapresentofamagnificentringsetwithbrilliants。

HisHolinesshadhardlysignedtheConcordatbeforeherepentedofit。

ThefollowingwasrelatedtoMarshalKellermanbytheEmperoratMayencethelastofApril:

“ThedayafterthesigningofthefamousConcordatofFontainebleau，thePopedinedinpublicwithme；butinthenighthewasill，orpretendedtobe。Hewasalamblike，honest，andtrulygoodman，whomIhighlyesteemedandloved，andwhohadsomeregardformeIamsure。Wouldyoubelieveit，hewrotemeaweekaftersigningtheConcordatthathemuchregrettedhavingdoneso，thathisconsciencereproachedhimforit，andurgedmeearnestlytoconsideritasofnoeffect。Thiswasowingtothefactthatimmediatelyafterleavingmehehadfallenintothehandsofhisusualadvisers，whomadeascarecrowoutofwhathadjustoccurred。

IfwehadbeentogetherIcouldeasilyhavereassuredhim。IrepliedthatwhathedemandedwascontrarytotheinterestsofFrance；andmoreover，beinginfallible，hecouldnothavemadeamistake，andhisconsciencewastooquicktotakethealarmforhimtohavedonewrong。

“Infact，comparetheconditionofRomeformerlywithwhatitisto-day。

ParalyzedbythenecessaryconsequencesoftheRevolution，couldshehaverisenagainandmaintainedherposition？AviciousgovernmentastopoliticalmattershastakentheplaceoftheformerRomanlegislation，which，withoutbeingperfect，neverthelesscontributedtoformgreatmenofeverykind。ModernRomehasappliedtoitspoliticalgovernmentprinciplesbettersuitedtoareligiousorder，andhascarriedthemoutinamannerfataltothehappinessofthepeople。

“ThuscharityisthemostperfectofChristianvirtues；itisnecessarytogivecharitytoallwhoaskit。ThisformofreasoninghasrenderedRomethereceptacleofthedregsofallnations。Oneseescollectedthere(soIamtold，forIhavenevervisitedit)alltheidlersoftheearth，whocomethithertotakerefuge，assuredoffindinganabundantsupportwithmuchtospare。Andthusthepapalterritory，whichnaturehasdestinedtoproduceimmensewealthfromitssituationunderafavorablesky，fromthemultiplicityofstreamswithwhichitiswatered，andaboveallfromthefertilityofthesoil，languishesforwantofcultivation。Berthierhasoftentoldmethatlargetractsofcountrymaybetraversedwithoutperceivingtheimpressofthehandofman。Thewomeneven，whoareregardedasthemostbeautifulofItaly，areindolent，andtheirmindsevincenoactivityevenintheordinarydutiesoflife。TheinhabitantshaveallthelanguorofAsiaticmanners。

“ModernRomelimitsitselftopreservingacertainpre-eminencebyvirtueofthemarvelousworksofartwhichitcontains；butwehavegreatlyweakenedthisclaim。Ourmuseumisenrichedbyallthemasterpieceswhichwereasourceofsomuchpride，andsoonthemagnificentedificeoftheBoursewhichistobeerectedatPariswilleclipseallthoseofEurope，eitherancientormodern。

“Francebeforeall。

“Viewedfromapoliticalstandpoint，howwouldthepapalgovernmentinthesedaysappearcomparedwiththegreatkingdomsofEurope？Formerlymediocremensucceededtothepontificalthroneatanageinwhichonebreatheswellonlyafterresting。Atthisperiodofliferoutineandhabitareeverything；andnothingisconsideredbuttheelevatedposition，andhowtomakeitredoundtotheadvantageofhisfamily。

Apopenowarrivesatsovereignpowerwithamindsharpenedbybeingaccustomedtointrigue，andwithafearofmakingpowerfulenemieswhomayhereafterrevengethemselvesonhisfamily，sincehissuccessorisalwaysunknown。Infine，hecaresfornothingbuttoliveanddieinpeace。IntheseatofSixtusV——

[SixtusV。，originallyFelixPeretti，bornatMontalto，1525，andin1585succeededGregoryXIII。aspope。Hewasdistinguishedbyhisenergyandmunificence。HeconstructedtheVaticanLibrary，thegreataqueduct，andotherpublicworks，andplacedtheobeliskbeforeSt。Peter\'s。Died1589。]——

howmanypopeshavetherebeenwhohaveoccupiedthemselvesonlywithfrivoloussubjects，aslittleadvantageoustothebestinterestsofreligionasfruitfulininspiringscornforsuchagovernment！Butthatwouldleadustoofar。“

FromthetimeofhisreturnfromMoscow，hisMajestyoccupiedhimselfwithunequaledactivityinseekingmeanstoarresttheinvasionoftheRussians，who，havingunitedwiththePrussianssinceGeneralYorck\'sdefection，constitutedamostformidablemass。Newlevieshadbeenordered。FortwomonthshehadreceivedandutilizedtheinnumerableoffersofhorsesandcavalrymadebyallthetownsoftheEmpire，byofficialbodies，andbyrichindividualsholdingpositionsnearthecourt，etc。TheImperialGuardwasreorganizedunderthebraveDukedeFrioul，whowasalas！afewmonthslatertobetornfromhisnumerousfriends。

InthemidstofthesegraveoccupationshisMajestydidnotforamomentlosesightofhischerishedplanofmakingParisthemostbeautifulcityoftheworld；andnotaweekpassedwithoutinterviewswitharchitectsandengineers，whopresentedestimates，madereports，etc。

“Itisashame，“saidtheEmperoroneday，whileinspectingthebarracksoftheguard，aspeciesofblackandsmoke-begrimedshed，“itisashame，“saidhetoM。Fontaine，“tomakebuildingsasfrightfulasthoseofMoscow。Ishouldneverhaveallowedsuchabuildingtobeerected。

Areyounotmychiefarchitect？“

M。FontaineexcusedhimselfbypointingouttohisMajestythathewasnotresponsibleforthebuildingsofParis，asalthoughhehadthehonorofbeingchiefarchitectoftheEmperor，itwasfortheTuileriesandtheLouvrealone。

“Thatistrue，“repliedhisMajesty；“butcouldtherenotbebuilthere，“

pointingtothequay，“inplaceofthiswoodendockyard，whichproducessuchabadeffect，aresidencefortheItalianminister？“

M。Fontainerepliedthattheplanwasveryfeasible，butthatitwouldrequirethreeorfourmillions。

TheEmperorthenseemedtoabandonthisidea，andturninghisattentiontothegardenoftheTuileries，perhapsinconsequenceoftheconspiracyofGeneralMalet，gaveorderstoarrangealltheentrancestothepalacesothatthesamekeymightserveforallthelocks；“andthiskey，“hisMajestyadded，“shouldbeputinchargeofthegrandmarshalafterthedoorswereclosedforthenight。“

AfewdaysafterthisconversationwithM。Fontaine，theEmperorsenttohimandM。Costazthefollowingnote，acopyofwhichfellintomyhands。

HisMajestyhadthatmorningvisitedthebuildingsofChaillot。

“ThereisyetampletimetodiscusstheconstructionofthepalacefortheKingofRome。

Idonotwishtobeledintofoolishexpenditures；IshouldlikeapalacenotsolargeasSaint-Cloud，butlargerthantheLuxemburg。

Iwishtobeabletooccupyitafterthesixteenthmillionhasbeenexpended；thenitwillbeapracticableaffair。Butifamoreexpensivebuildingisattempted，itwillresultliketheLouvre，whichhasneverbeenfinished。

Theparksarefirsttobeconsidered，theirboundariesdeterminedandinclosed。

IwishthisnewpalacetobesomewhathandsomerthantheElysee；andalthoughthatcostlessthaneightmillions，itisoneofthemostbeautifulpalacesofParis。

ThatoftheKingofRomewillranknexttotheLouvre，whichisitselfamagnificentpalace。Itwillbe，sotospeak，onlyacountryseatforoneresidinginParis，forofcoursethewinterswouldbepassedattheLouvreortheTuileries。

IcanwithdifficultybelievethatSaint-Cloudcostsixteenmillions。Beforeinspectingtheplan，Iwishittobecarefullyexaminedanddiscussedbythecommitteeonbuildings，sothatImayhavetheassurancethatthesumofsixteenmillionswillnotbeexceeded。Idonotwishanidealresidence，butoneconstructedformyownenjoyment，andnotforthepleasureofthearchitectalone。

FinishingtheLouvrewillsufficeforhisglory；andwhentheplanisonceadopted，Iwillseethatitisexecuted。

TheElyseedoesnotsuitme，andtheTuileriesisbarelyinhabitable。Nothingwillpleasemeunlessitisperfectlysimple，andconstructedaccordingtomytastesandmannerofliving，forthenthepalacewillbeusefultome。Iwishitconstructedinsuchamannerthatitmaybeacomplete\'SansSouci\'；——[FredericktheGreat\'spalaceinthecountrynearBerlin。]——andIespeciallydesirethatitmaybeanagreeablepalaceratherthanahandsomegarden，——twoconditionswhichareincompatible。Lettherebesomethingbetweenacourtandagarden，liketheTuileries，thatfrommyapartmentsImaypromenadeinthegardenandthepark，asatSaint-Cloud，thoughSaint-Cloudhastheinconvenienceofhavingnoparkforthehousehold。