第41章

CHAPTERIII

ABURIAL；ANOCCASIONTOBEBORNAGAIN

Inthespringof1832，althoughthecholerahadbeenchillingallmindsforthelastthreemonthsandhadcastovertheiragitationanindescribableandgloomypacification，Parishadalreadylongbeenripeforcommotion。Aswehavesaid，thegreatcityresemblesapieceofartillery；whenitisloaded，itsufficesforasparktofall，andtheshotisdischarged。InJune，1832，thesparkwasthedeathofGeneralLamarque。

Lamarquewasamanofrenownandofaction。Hehadhadinsuccession，undertheEmpireandundertheRestoration，thesortsofbraveryrequisiteforthetwoepochs，thebraveryofthebattle—fieldandthebraveryofthetribune。Hewasaseloquentashehadbeenvaliant；aswordwasdiscernibleinhisspeech。LikeFoy，hispredecessor，afterupholdingthecommand，heupheldliberty；

hesatbetweentheleftandtheextremeleft，belovedofthepeoplebecauseheacceptedthechancesofthefuture，belovedofthepopulacebecausehehadservedtheEmperorwell；hewas，incompanywithComtesGerardandDrouet，oneofNapoleon’smarshalsinpetto。

Thetreatiesof1815removedhimasapersonaloffence。HehatedWellingtonwithadownrighthatredwhichpleasedthemultitude；

and，forseventeenyears，hemajesticallypreservedthesadnessofWaterloo，payinghardlyanyattentiontointerveningevents。

Inhisdeathagony，athislasthour，heclaspedtohisbreastaswordwhichhadbeenpresentedtohimbytheofficersoftheHundredDays。

Napoleonhaddiedutteringthewordarmy，Lamarqueutteringthewordcountry。

Hisdeath，whichwasexpected，wasdreadedbythepeopleasaloss，andbythegovernmentasanoccasion。Thisdeathwasanaffliction。

Likeeverythingthatisbitter，afflictionmayturntorevolt。

Thisiswhattookplace。

Ontheprecedingevening，andonthemorningofthe5thofJune，thedayappointedforLamarque’sburial，theFaubourgSaint—Antoine，whichtheprocessionwastotouchat，assumedaformidableaspect。

Thistumultuousnetworkofstreetswasfilledwithrumors。

Theyarmedthemselvesasbesttheymight。Joinerscarriedoffdoor—weightsoftheirestablishment"tobreakdowndoors。"Oneofthemhadmadehimselfadaggerofastocking—weaver’shookbybreakingoffthehookandsharpeningthestump。Another，whowasinafever"toattack，"sleptwhollydressedforthreedays。AcarpenternamedLombiermetacomrade，whoaskedhim:"Whitherareyougoing？"

"Eh！well，Ihavenoweapons。""Whatthen？""I’mgoingtomytimber—yardtogetmycompasses。""Whatfor？""Idon’tknow，"

saidLombier。AcertainJacqueline，anexpeditiousman，accostedsomepassingartisans:"Comehere，you！"Hetreatedthemtotensous’

worthofwineandsaid:"Haveyouwork？""No。""GotoFilspierre，betweentheBarriereCharonneandtheBarriereMontreuil，andyouwillfindwork。"AtFilspierre’stheyfoundcartridgesandarms。

Certainwell—knownleadersweregoingtherounds，thatistosay，runningfromonehousetoanother，tocollecttheirmen。

AtBarthelemy’s，neartheBarriereduTrone，atCapel’s，nearthePetit—Chapeau，thedrinkersaccostedeachotherwithagraveair。

Theywereheardtosay:"Haveyouyourpistol？""Undermyblouse。"

"Andyou？""Undermyshirt。"IntheRueTraversiere，infrontoftheBlandworkshop，andintheyardoftheMaison—Brulee，infrontoftool—makerBernier’s，groupswhisperedtogether。

AmongthemwasobservedacertainMavot，whoneverremainedmorethanaweekinoneshop，asthemastersalwaysdischargedhim"becausetheywereobligedtodisputewithhimeveryday。"MavotwaskilledonthefollowingdayatthebarricadeoftheRueMenilmontant。

Pretot，whowasdestinedtoperishalsointhestruggle，secondedMavot，andtothequestion:"Whatisyourobject？"

hereplied:"Insurrection。"WorkmenassembledatthecorneroftheRuedeBercy，waitedforacertainLemarin，therevolutionaryagentfortheFaubourgSaint—Marceau。Watchwordswereexchangedalmostpublicly。

Onthe5thofJune，accordingly，adayofmingledrainandsun，GeneralLamarque’sfuneralprocessiontraversedPariswithofficialmilitarypomp，somewhataugmentedthroughprecaution。Twobattalions，withdrapeddrumsandreversedarms，tenthousandNationalGuards，withtheirswordsattheirsides，escortedthecoffin。

Thehearsewasdrawnbyyoungmen。TheofficersoftheInvalidescameimmediatelybehindit，bearinglaurelbranches。Thencameaninnumerable，strange，agitatedmultitude，thesectionariesoftheFriendsofthePeople，theLawSchool，theMedicalSchool，refugeesofallnationalities，andSpanish，Italian，German，andPolishflags，tricoloredhorizontalbanners，everypossiblesortofbanner，childrenwavinggreenboughs，stone—cuttersandcarpenterswhowereonstrikeatthemoment，printerswhowererecognizablebytheirpapercaps，marchingtwobytwo，threebythree，utteringcries，nearlyallofthembrandishingsticks，somebrandishingsabres，withoutorderandyetwithasinglesoul，nowatumultuousrout，againacolumn。Squadschosethemselvesleaders；amanarmedwithapairofpistolsinfullview，seemedtopassthehostinreview，andthefilesseparatedbeforehim。Onthesidealleysoftheboulevards，inthebranchesofthetrees，onbalconies，inwindows，ontheroofs，swarmedtheheadsofmen，women，andchildren；

alleyeswerefilledwithanxiety。Anarmedthrongwaspassing，andaterrifiedthronglookedon。

TheGovernment，onitsside，wastakingobservations。Itobservedwithitshandonitssword。FoursquadronsofcarabineerscouldbeseeninthePlaceLouisXV。intheirsaddles，withtheirtrumpetsattheirhead，cartridge—boxesfilledandmusketsloaded，allinreadinesstomarch；intheLatincountryandattheJardindesPlantes，theMunicipalGuardechelonnedfromstreettostreet；

attheHalle—aux—Vins，asquadronofdragoons；attheGrevehalfofthe12thLightInfantry，theotherhalfbeingattheBastille；

the6thDragoonsattheCelestins；andthecourtyardoftheLouvrefullofartillery。Theremainderofthetroopswereconfinedtotheirbarracks，withoutreckoningtheregimentsoftheenvironsofParis。Powerbeinguneasy，heldsuspendedoverthemenacingmultitudetwenty—fourthousandsoldiersinthecityandthirtythousandinthebanlieue。

Diversreportswereincirculationinthecortege。Legitimisttrickswerehintedat；theyspokeoftheDucdeReichstadt，whomGodhadmarkedoutfordeathatthatverymomentwhenthepopulaceweredesignatinghimfortheEmpire。Onepersonage，whosenamehasremainedunknown，announcedthatatagivenhourtwooverseerswhohadbeenwonover，wouldthrowopenthedoorsofafactoryofarmstothepeople。

Thatwhichpredominatedontheuncoveredbrowsofthemajorityofthosepresentwasenthusiasmmingledwithdejection。

Hereandthere，also，inthatmultitudegivenovertosuchviolentbutnobleemotions，therewerevisiblegenuinevisagesofcriminalsandignoblemouthswhichsaid:"Letusplunder！"Therearecertainagitationswhichstirupthebottomsofmarshesandmakecloudsofmudrisethroughthewater。Aphenomenontowhich"welldrilled"

policemenarenostrangers。

Theprocessionproceeded，withfeverishslowness，fromthehouseofthedeceased，bywayoftheboulevardsasfarastheBastille。

Itrainedfromtimetotime；therainmatterednothingtothatthrong。

Manyincidents，thecoffinborneroundtheVendomecolumn，stonesthrownattheDucdeFitz—James，whowasseenonabalconywithhishatonhishead，theGalliccocktornfromapopularflaganddraggedinthemire，apolicemanwoundedwithablowfromaswordatthePorteSaint—Martin，anofficerofthe12thLightInfantrysayingaloud:"IamaRepublican，"thePolytechnicSchoolcomingupunexpectedlyagainstorderstoremainathome，theshoutsof:

"LonglivethePolytechnique！LonglivetheRepublic！"markedthepassageofthefuneraltrain。AttheBastille，longfilesofcuriousandformidablepeoplewhodescendedfromtheFaubourgSaint—Antoine，effectedajunctionwiththeprocession，andacertainterribleseethingbegantoagitatethethrong。

Onemanwasheardtosaytoanother:"Doyouseethatfellowwitharedbeard，he’stheonewhowillgivethewordwhenwearetofire。"

Itappearsthatthisredbeardwaspresent，atanotherriot，theQuenissetaffair，entrustedwiththissamefunction。

ThehearsepassedtheBastille，traversedthesmallbridge，andreachedtheesplanadeofthebridgeofAusterlitz。Thereithalted。

Thecrowd，surveyedatthatmomentwithabird’seyeview，wouldhavepresentedtheaspectofacometwhoseheadwasontheesplanadeandwhosetailspreadoutovertheQuaiBourdon，coveredtheBastille，andwasprolongedontheboulevardasfarasthePorteSaint—Martin。A

circlewastracedaroundthehearse。Thevastroutheldtheirpeace。

LafayettespokeandbadeLamarquefarewell。Thiswasatouchingandaugustinstant，allheadsuncovered，allheartsbeathigh。

Allatonce，amanonhorseback，cladinblack，madehisappearanceinthemiddleofthegroupwitharedflag，otherssay，withapikesurmountedwitharedliberty—cap。Lafayetteturnedasidehishead。

Exelmansquittedtheprocession。

Thisredflagraisedastorm，anddisappearedinthemidstofit。

FromtheBoulevardBourdontothebridgeofAusterlitzoneofthoseclamorswhichresemblebillowsstirredthemultitude。

Twoprodigiousshoutswentup:"LamarquetothePantheon！——

LafayettetotheTown—hall！"Someyoungmen，amidthedeclamationsofthethrong，harnessedthemselvesandbegantodragLamarqueinthehearseacrossthebridgeofAusterlitzandLafayetteinahackney—coachalongtheQuaiMorland。

InthecrowdwhichsurroundedandcheeredLafayette，itwasnoticedthataGermanshowedhimselfnamedLudwigSnyder，whodiedacentenarianafterwards，whohadalsobeeninthewarof1776，andwhohadfoughtatTrentonunderWashington，andatBrandywineunderLafayette。

Inthemeantime，themunicipalcavalryontheleftbankhadbeensetinmotion，andcametobarthebridge，ontherightbankthedragoonsemergedfromtheCelestinsanddeployedalongtheQuaiMorland。

ThemenwhoweredraggingLafayettesuddenlycaughtsightofthematthecornerofthequayandshouted:"Thedragoons！"

Thedragoonsadvancedatawalk，insilence，withtheirpistolsintheirholsters，theirswordsintheirscabbards，theirgunsslungintheirleathersockets，withanairofgloomyexpectation。

Theyhaltedtwohundredpacesfromthelittlebridge。ThecarriageinwhichsatLafayetteadvancedtothem，theirranksopenedandallowedittopass，andthenclosedbehindit。Atthatmomentthedragoonsandthecrowdtouched。Thewomenfledinterror。

Whattookplaceduringthatfatalminute？Noonecansay。

Itisthedarkmomentwhentwocloudscometogether。SomedeclarethatablastoftrumpetssoundingthechargewasheardinthedirectionoftheArsenalothersthatablowfromadaggerwasgivenbyachildtoadragoon。Thefactis，thatthreeshotsweresuddenlydischarged:

thefirstkilledCholet，chiefofthesquadron，thesecondkilledanolddeafwomanwhowasintheactofclosingherwindow，thethirdsingedtheshoulderofanofficer；awomanscreamed:

"Theyarebeginningtoosoon！"andallatonce，asquadronofdragoonswhichhadremainedinthebarracksuptothistime，wasseentodebouchatagallopwithbaredswords，throughtheRueBassompierreandtheBoulevardBourdon，sweepingallbeforethem。

Thenallissaid，thetempestisloosed，stonesraindown，afusilladebreaksforth，manyprecipitatethemselvestothebottomofthebank，andpassthesmallarmoftheSeine，nowfilledin，thetimber—yardsoftheIsleLouviers，thatvastcitadelreadytohand，bristlewithcombatants，stakesaretornup，pistol—shotsfired，abarricadebegun，theyoungmenwhoarethrustbackpasstheAusterlitzbridgewiththehearseatarun，andthemunicipalguard，thecarabineersrushup，thedragoonsplytheirswords，thecrowddispersesinalldirections，arumorofwarfliestoallfourquartersofParis，menshout:"Toarms！"theyrun，tumbledown，flee，resist。Wrathspreadsabroadtheriotaswindspreadsafire。

CHAPTERIV

THEEBULLITIONSOFFORMERDAYS

Nothingismoreextraordinarythanthefirstbreakingoutofariot。

Everythingburstsfortheverywhereatonce。Wasitforeseen？

Yes。Wasitprepared？No。Whencecomesit？Fromthepavements。

Whencefallsit？Fromtheclouds。Hereinsurrectionassumesthecharacterofaplot；thereofanimprovisation。Thefirstcomerseizesacurrentofthethrongandleadsitwhitherhewills。

Abeginningfullofterror，inwhichismingledasortofformidablegayety。Firstcomeclamors，theshopsareclosed，thedisplaysofthemerchantsdisappear；thencomeisolatedshots；

peopleflee；blowsfromgun—stocksbeatagainstportescocheres，servantscanbeheardlaughinginthecourtyardsofhousesandsaying:

"There’sgoingtobearow！"

AquarterofanhourhadnotelapsedwhenthisiswhatwastakingplaceattwentydifferentspotsinParisatonce。

IntheRueSainte—Croix—de—la—Bretonnerie，twentyyoungmen，beardedandwithlonghair，enteredadram—shopandemergedamomentlater，carryingahorizontaltricoloredflagcoveredwithcrape，andhavingattheirheadthreemenarmed，onewithasword，onewithagun，andthethirdwithapike。

IntheRuedesNonaindieres，averywell—dressedbourgeois，whohadaprominentbelly，asonorousvoice，abaldhead，aloftybrow，ablackbeard，andoneofthesestiffmustacheswhichwillnotlieflat，offeredcartridgespubliclytopassers—by。

IntheRueSaint—Pierre—Montmartre，menwithbarearmscarriedaboutablackflag，onwhichcouldbereadinwhitelettersthisinscription:

"RepublicorDeath！"IntheRuedesJeuneurs，RueduCadran，RueMontorgueil，RueMandar，groupsappearedwavingflagsonwhichcouldbedistinguishedingoldletters，thewordsectionwithanumber。

Oneoftheseflagswasredandbluewithanalmostimperceptiblestripeofwhitebetween。

Theypillagedafactoryofsmall—armsontheBoulevardSaint—Martin，andthreearmorers’shops，thefirstintheRueBeaubourg，thesecondintheRueMichel—le—Comte，theotherintheRueduTemple。

Inafewminutes，thethousandhandsofthecrowdhadseizedandcarriedofftwohundredandthirtyguns，nearlyalldouble—barrelled，sixty—fourswords，andeighty—threepistols。Inordertoprovidemorearms，onemantookthegun，theotherthebayonet。

OppositetheQuaidelaGreve，youngmenarmedwithmusketsinstalledthemselvesinthehousesofsomewomenforthepurposeoffiring。

Oneofthemhadaflint—lock。Theyrang，entered，andsetaboutmakingcartridges。Oneofthesewomenrelates:"Ididnotknowwhatcartridgeswere；itwasmyhusbandwhotoldme。"

OneclusterbrokeintoacuriosityshopintheRuedesViellesHaudriettes，andseizedyataghansandTurkisharms。

Thebodyofamasonwhohadbeenkilledbyagun—shotlayintheRuedelaPerle。

Andthenontherightbank，theleftbank，onthequays，ontheboulevards，intheLatincountry，inthequarteroftheHalles，pantingmen，artisans，students，membersofsectionsreadproclamationsandshouted:"Toarms！"brokestreetlanterns，unharnessedcarriages，unpavedthestreets，brokeinthedoorsofhouses，uprootedtrees，rummagedcellars，rolledouthogsheads，heapeduppaving—stones，roughslabs，furnitureandplanks，andmadebarricades。

Theyforcedthebourgeoistoassisttheminthis。Theyenteredthedwellingsofwomen，theyforcedthemtohandovertheswordsandgunsoftheirabsenthusbands，andtheywroteonthedoor，withwhiting:

"Thearmshavebeendelivered"；somesigned"theirnames"toreceiptsforthegunsandswordsandsaid:"Sendforthemto—morrowattheMayor’soffice。"TheydisarmedisolatedsentinelsandNationalGuardsmeninthestreetsontheirwaytotheTownhall。Theytoretheepauletsfromofficers。IntheRueduCimitiere—Saint—Nicholas，anofficeroftheNationalGuard，onbeingpursuedbyacrowdarmedwithclubsandfoils，tookrefugewithdifficultyinahouse，whencehewasonlyabletoemergeatnightfallandindisguise。

IntheQuartierSaint—Jacques，thestudentsswarmedoutoftheirhotelsandascendedtheRueSaint—HyacinthetotheCafeduProgress，ordescendedtotheCafedesSept—Billards，intheRuedesMathurins。

There，infrontofthedoor，youngmenmountedonthestonecorner—posts，distributedarms。Theyplunderedthetimber—yardintheRueTransnonaininordertoobtainmaterialforbarricades。

Onasinglepointtheinhabitantsresisted，atthecorneroftheRueSainte—AvoyeandtheRueSimon—Le—Franc，wheretheydestroyedthebarricadewiththeirownhands。Atasinglepointtheinsurgentsyielded；theyabandonedabarricadebegunintheRuedeTempleafterhavingfiredonadetachmentoftheNationalGuard，andfledthroughtheRuedelaCorderie。Thedetachmentpickedupinthebarricadearedflag，apackageofcartridges，andthreehundredpistol—balls。TheNationalGuardsmentoreuptheflag，andcarriedoffitstatteredremainsonthepointsoftheirbayonets。

Allthatwearehererelatingslowlyandsuccessivelytookplacesimultaneouslyatallpointsofthecityinthemidstofavasttumult，likeamassoftonguesoflightninginoneclapofthunder。

Inlessthananhour，twenty—sevenbarricadessprangoutoftheearthinthequarteroftheHallesalone。InthecentrewasthatfamoushouseNo。50，whichwasthefortressofJeanneandhersixhundredcompanions，andwhich，flankedontheonehandbyabarricadeatSaint—Merry，andontheotherbyabarricadeoftheRueMaubuee，commandedthreestreets，theRuedesArcis，theRueSaint—Martin，andtheRueAubry—le—Boucher，whichitfaced。Thebarricadesatrightanglesfellback，theoneoftheRueMontorgueilontheGrande—Truanderie，theotheroftheRueGeoffroy—LangevinontheRueSainte—Avoye。WithoutreckoninginnumerablebarricadesintwentyotherquartersofParis，intheMarais，atMont—Sainte—Genevieve；

oneintheRueMenilmontant，wherewasvisibleaportecocheretornfromitshinges；anothernearthelittlebridgeoftheHotel—Dieumadewithan"ecossais，"whichhadbeenunharnessedandoverthrown，threehundredpacesfromthePrefectureofPolice。

AtthebarricadeoftheRuedesMenetriers，awell—dressedmandistributedmoneytotheworkmen。AtthebarricadeoftheRueGrenetat，ahorsemanmadehisappearanceandhandedtotheonewhoseemedtobethecommanderofthebarricadewhathadtheappearanceofarollofsilver。"Here，"saidhe，"thisistopayexpenses，wine，etcaetera。"Alight—hairedyoungman，withoutacravat，wentfrombarricadetobarricade，carryingpass—words。Another，withanakedsword，abluepolicecaponhishead，placedsentinels。

Inthe

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