第57章

thedaughterofWilliamleFrend，istakenasatypicalhalf-virgater……Rot。Hundr。470：’(villani)quilibetistorumtenetdimidiamvirgatamterredepredictaElenadequibusxxxet1operanturinunoannoetaliixxxijoperanturinalioannoetineodemannoquooperanturdantdomineperannum8d。etaliiquinonoperanturdantperannuquilibetdimidiusvirgatarius2s。10d。etauxiliumVicecomitis1d。obolumetquilibetdatobolum，quadrantemadfestum

reevecomplainsthatRicherJocelin’sSonandRichardReeveandhiswifehaveinsultedhim，bysayingamongotherthings’。quodcepissedebuitmuneradedivitibusneessentcensuariietpauperesadcensumposuissedebuit。’

7Itmightperhapsbeobjectedthatthedifferenceinfavourofthefreepeopleoughttobeexplainedbyadepreciationofmoneywhichinprocessoftimeloweredthevalueofquitrents。ButtheexplanationwouldhardlysuittheageinwhichtheHundredRollswerecompiled。ThephenomenonmentionedinthetextmaybeobservedinalltheCartularies，andthereisnoreasontothinkthatthefreerentswhichoccurinthemarealreadyantquatedsurvivalsofagreementswhichhadlosttheireconomicsense。

f。12：’IdemThomashabetibidem12villanostenentes4virgatasterreetdimidiaminvillenagio，undeJohannesAylindtenetdimidiamvirgatamterrepro5s。8d。faciensfenumdominiperUnumdiemcumunohomine，metensbladaeiusdemdominiper1diemeumUnohomine，etc。IdemThomashabetibidem11liberostenentes11virgatasterreetdimidiam。UndeWillelmusenlaNurnetenetdimidiamvirgatamet4

acrasterrepro4solidisfacienssectamadcuriamdeBathekyntonbisperannumproomnidemanda。’

Bodekesham，Cambs。(R。H。ii。487)，isprobablyacaseofmolland。Theoften-quotedinstanceofAyllingtonisdoubtful，althoughtheRamseyCartularyspeaksofthelibertenentesasmalmanni。Theexpressionwasprobablyinuseforallrent-payingpeople，althoughproperlyadesignationofthosewhohadcommutedtheirservices。SeeAppendixXV。

R。H。ii。349，350：’InWeston，Bucks，theserviceofthevillainvirgaterisestimatedat5s。2d……ElyasClericustenetdim。virgatametredditJohannidePatishull1d。Willelmusfil。

WillelmideRavenestonetenetdim。virgatamdeeodemfeodoetredditperannum1d。ThomasAcpelardtenetdimidiamvirgatamterreetredditdictoWillelmodeNodaris3d。StephanusElystenetdimidiamvirgatametsolviteodemWillelmo2d。ThomasThebaudtenetdimidiamvirgatametredditeidemWillelmo1d……

ItemRobertusleCobelertenetdimidiamvirgatamterreetsolviteodem1libramcimini。OmnesistiprescriptidantperannumforinsecumetscutagiumdominoWillelmodeNodarisquandocurrit。’CfTorrington，Bucks，R。H。ii。352。

R。H。ii。713(Stanton，Oxon。)：’adalternacionemcujuslibetdominideStantondebetrecognoscereeundemdominumdeunospervarioetdabitdimidiammarcameidemdomino。’

TheManorialCourtThecommunalorganisationofthevillageismadetosubservetheneedsofmanorialadministration。Wefeelnaturallyinclinedtothinkandtospeakofthevillagecommunityinoppositiontothelordandtonoticeallpointswhichshowitsself-dependentcharacter。Butinpracticetheinstitutionwouldhardlyhavelivedsuchalonglifeandplayedsuchaprominentpartifithadactedonlyorevenchieflyasabulwarkagainstthefeudalowner。

Itsdevelopmenthastobeaccountedfortoagreatextentbythefactthatlordandvillagehadmanyinterestsincommon。Theywerenaturalalliesinregardtothehighermanorialofficers。

Thelordhadtomanagehisestatesbythehelpofapowerfulministerialclass，buttherewasnotmuchlovelostbetweenemployersandadministrators，andoftenthelatentantagonismbetweenthembrok