第11章

353。Measuredmood。Theformalmannerrequiredbycourtetiquette。

360。Dear。Thisisthereadingofthe1sted。andalmosteveryotherthatwehaveseen。Weareinclined，however，tobelievethatScottwrote"clear。"Thefacsimilesofhishandwritingshowthathisd’sandcl’smighteasilybeconfoundedbyacompositor。

363。Snood。ThefilletorribbonwithwhichtheScotchmaidensboundtheirhair。Seeoniii。114below。Itistherichmaterialsofsnood，plaid，andbroochthatbetrayherbirth。

Therhymeofplaidwithmaidandbetrayedisnotimperfect，theScottishpronunciationofplaidbeinglikeourplayed。

385。Oneonly。Fortheinversion，cf。Shakespeare，J。C。i。2。

157："Whenthereisinitbutoneonlyman；"Goldsmith，D。V。39：

"Oneonlymastergraspsthewholedomain，"etc。

393。Awhileshepaused，etc。TheMS。reads：

"Aspaceshepaused，noanswercame，——

’Alpine，wasthinetheblast？’thenameLessresolutelyutteredfell，Theechoescouldnotcatchtheswell。

’Norfoenorfriend，’thestrangersaid，Advancingfromthehazelshade。

Thestartledmaid，withhastyoar，Pushedherlightshallopfromtheshore。"

andjustbelow：

"Soo’erthelaketheswanwouldspring，Thenturntopruneitsruffledwing。"

404。Prune。Pickoutdamagedfeathersandarrangetheplumagewiththebill。Cf。Shakespeare，Cymb。v。4。118：

"hisroyalbirdPrunestheimmortalwing，"etc。

408。Wont。Arewont，oraccustomed；nowusedonlyintheparticiple。Theformhereisthepasttenseoftheobsoletewon，orwone，todwell。ThepresentisfoundinMilton，P。L。vii。

457：

"Asfromhislairthewildbeast，wherehewonsInforestwild，inthicket，brake，orden。"

Cf。Spenser，Virgil’sGnat：

"OfPoetsPrince，whetherwewoonbesideFaireXanthussprincledwithChimaerasblood，OrinthewoodsofAsteryabide；"

andColinCloutsComeHomeAgaine：

"IweenedsurehewasoutGodalone，Andonlywoondinfieldsandforestshere。"

Seealsoiv。278and298below。

409。Middleage。AsJamesdiedattheageofthirty（in1542），thisisnotstrictlytrue，buttheportraitinotherrespectsisquiteaccurate。Hewasfondofgoingaboutdisguised，andsomeofhisfreaksofthiskindarepleasantlyrelatedinScott’sTalesofaGrandfather。Seeonvi。740below。

425。Slighting，etc。"Treatinglightlyhisneedoffoodandshelter。"

432。Atlength。The1sted。has"atlast。"

433。ThatHighlandhallswere，etc。TheMS。has"Herfather’shallwas，"etc。

434。Wildered。Seeon274above。

438。Acouch。Thatis，theheatherforit。Cf。666below。

441。Mere。Lake；asinWindermere，etc。

443。Rood。Cross，orcrucifix。Bytheroodwasacommonoath；

sobytheholyrood，asinShakespeare，Rich。III。iii。2。77，iv。4。165。Cf。thenameofHolyroodPalaceinEdinburgh。Seeii。221below。

451。Romantic。TheMS。has"enchanting。"

457。Yesternight。Wehavelostthisword，thoughweretainyesterday。Cf。yester—morninv。104below。Asfar=asfarbackas。

460。Wason，etc。TheMS。reads："Isoftenonthefuturebent。"

"Ifforceofevidencecouldauthorizeustobelievefactsinconsistentwiththegenerallawsofnature，enoughmightbeproducedinfavoroftheexistenceofthesecond—sight。ItiscalledinGaelicTaishitaraugh，fromTaish，anunrealorshadowyappearance；andthosepossessedofthefacultyarecalledTaishatrin，whichmaybeaptlytranslatedvisionaries。Martin，asteadybelieverinthesecond—sight，givesthefollowingaccountofit：——

’Thesecond—sightisasingularfacultyofseeinganotherwiseinvisibleobjectwithoutanypreviousmeansusedbythepersonthatusesifforthatend：thevisionmakessuchalivelyimpressionupontheseers，thattheyneitherseenorthinkofanythingelse，exceptthevision，aslongasitcontinues；andthentheyappearpensiveorjovial，accordingtotheobjectthatwasrepresentedtothem。

’Atthesightofavision，theeyelidsofthepersonareerected，andtheeyescontinuestaringuntiltheobjectvanish。Thisisobvioustootherswhoarebywhenthepersonshappentoseeavision，andoccurredmorethanoncetomyownobservation，andtoothersthatwerewithme……

’Ifawomanisseenstandingataman’slefthand，itisapresagethatshewillbehiswife，whethertheybemarriedtoothers，orunmarriedatthetimeoftheapparition。

’Toseeasparkoffirefalluponone’sarmorbreastisaforerunnerofadeadchildtobeseeninthearmsofthosepersons；ofwhichthereareseveralfreshinstances……

’Toseeaseatemptyatthetimeofone’ssittinginit，isapresageofthatperson’sdeathsoonafter’（Martin’sDescriptionoftheWesternIslands，1716，8vo，p。300，etseq。）。

"Totheseparticularsinnumerableexamplesmightbeadded，allattestedbygraveandcredibleauthors。But，indespiteofevidencewhichneitherBacon，Boyle，norJohnsonwereabletoresist，theTaish，withallitsvisionaryproperties，seemstobenowuniversallyabandonedtotheuseofpoetry。TheexquisitelybeautifulpoemofLochielwillatonceoccurtotherecollectionofeveryreader"（Scott）。

462。Birchen。Shadedbybirches。Cf。Milton’s"cedarnalleys"

inComus，990。

464。Lincolngreen。AclothmadeinLincoln，muchwornbyhunters。

467。Heron。Theearlyeds。have"heron’s。"

475。Errant—knight。Knight—errant。

476。Sooth。True。WefindsoothestinMilton，Comus，823。Thenounsooth（truth）ismorecommon，andstillsurvivesinsoothsayer（tellerofhiddentruth）。Cf。v。64below。

478。Emprise。Enterprise。Cf。Spenser，F。Q。ii。7。39："Butgivemeleavetofollowmyemprise，"etc。

485。Hisnoblehand。TheMS。has"Thisgentlehand；"andinthenextline，"theoarshedrew。"

490。Frequent。Often；oneofthemanyinstancesoftheadjectiveusedadverbiallyinthepoem。

492。Therockyisle。ItisstillknownasEllen’sIsle。"Itisratherhigh，andirregularlypyramidal。Itismostlycomposedofdark—grayrocks，mottledwithpaleandgraylichens，peepingouthereandthereamidtreesthatmantlethem，——chieflylight，gracefulbirches，intermingledwithred—berriedmountainashesandafewdark—green，spirypines。Thelandingisbeneathanagedoak；and，asdidtheLadyandtheKnight，thetravellernowascends’aclamberingunsuspectedroad，’byrudesteps，tothesmallirregularsummitoftheisland。Amorepoetic，romanticretreatcouldhardlybeimagined：itisunique。Itiscompletelyhidden，notonlybythetrees，butalsobyanundergrowthofbeautifulandabundantfernsandtheloveliestofheather"

（Hunnewell’sLandsofScott）。

500。Winded。Wound；usedforthesakeofthemeasure，asinv。

22below。WefindtheparticiplewindedinMuchAdo，i。1。243；

butitis=blown。Theverbinthatsenseisderivedfromthenounwind（airinmotion），andhasnoconnectionwithwind，toturn。Cf。Wb。

504。Hereforretreat，etc。Scotthasthefollowingnotehere：

"TheCelticchieftains，whoseliveswerecontinuallyexposedtoperil，hadusually，inthemostretiredspotoftheirdomains，someplaceofretreatforthehourofnecessity，which，ascircumstanceswouldadmit，wasatower，acavern，orarustichut，inastrongandsecludedsituation。OneoftheselastgaverefugetotheunfortunateCharlesEdward，inhisperilouswanderingsafterthebattleofCulloden。

’Itwassituatedinthefaceofaveryrough，high，androckymountain，calledLetternilichk，stillapartofBenalder，fullofgreatstonesandcrevices，andsomescatteredwoodinterspersed。

ThehabitationcalledtheCage，inthefaceofthatmountain，waswithinasmallthickbushofwood。Therewerefirstsomerowsoftreeslaiddown，inordertolevelthefloorforahabitation；

andastheplacewassteep，thisraisedthelowersidetoanequalheightwiththeother：andthesetrees，inthewayofjoistsorplanks，werelevelledwithearthandgravel。Therewerebetwixtthetrees，growingnaturallyontheirownroots，somestakesfixedintheearth，which，withthetrees，wereinterwovenwithropes，madeofheathandbirchtwigs，uptothetopoftheCage，itbeingofaroundorratherovalshape；andthewholethatchedandcoveredoverwithfog。Thewholefabrichung，asitwere，byalargetree，whichreclinedfromtheoneend，allalongtheroof，totheother，andwhichgaveitthenameoftheCage；andbychancetherehappenedtobetwostonesatasmalldistancefromoneanother，inthesidenexttheprecipice，resemblingthepillarsofachimney，wherethefirewasplaced。

Thesmokehaditsventouthere，allalongthefalloftherock，whichwassomuchofthesamecolor，thatonecoulddiscovernodifferenceintheclearestday’（Home’sHistoryoftheRebellion，Lond。1802，4to，p。381）。"

525。Idoeanvine。Somehavetakenthistorefertothe"redwhortleberry，"thebotanicalnameofwhichisVacciniumvitisIdoea；butasthatisnotaclimber，itismoreprobablythatthecommonvineisheremeant。IdoeanisfromIda，amountainnearancientTroy（therewasanotherinCrete），famousforitsvines。

526。Clematis。TheClimatisvitalba，oneofthepopularEnglishnamesofwhichisvirgin—bower。

528。Andeveryfavoredplantcouldbear。Thatis，whichcouldendure。ThisellipsisoftherelativewasverycommoninElizabethanEnglish。Cf。Shakespeare，M。forM。ii。2。23："I

haveabrotheriscondemnedtodie；"Rich。II。ii。2。128："Thehateofthoselovenottheking，"etc。SeealsoJohn，iii。11，etc。

532。Onheavenandonthyladycall。Thisissaidgayly，orsportively，askeepinguptheideaofaknight—errant。Cf。475

above。

542。Careless。Seeon490above。

546。Target。Buckler；thetargeofiii。445，etc。SeeScott’snoteonv。380below。

548。Store。Stored，laidup；anobsoleteadjective。Cf。iii。3

below，andseealsoonvi。124。

551。Andtherethewild—cat’s，etc。TheMS。reads：

"Therehungthewild—cat’sbrindledhide，Abovetheelk’sbranchedbrowandskull，Andfrontletoftheforestbull。"

559。Garnishforth。Cf。furnishforthin442above。

566。Brook。Bear，endure；nowseldomusedexceptwithreferencetowhatisenduredagainstone’swillorinclination。ItseemstobeafavoritewordwithScott。

573。FerragusorAscabart。"ThesetwosonsofAnakflourishedinromanticfable。ThefirstiswellknowntotheadmirersofAriostobythenameofFerrau。HewasanantagonistofOrlando，andwasatlengthslainbyhiminsinglecombat……Ascapart，orAscabart，makesaverymaterialfigureintheHistoryofBevisofHampton，bywhomhewasconquered。HiseffigiesmaybeseenguardingonesideofthegateatSouthampton，whiletheotherisoccupiedbyBevishimself"（Scott）。

580。Towhom，thoughmorethankindredknew。TheMS。reads：

"Towhom，thoughmoreremoteherclaim，YoungEllengaveamother’sname。"

ShewasthematernalauntofEllen，butwaslovedasamotherbyher，ormorethan（such）kindred（usually）knew（inwayofaffection）。

585。Thoughallunasked，etc。"TheHighlanders，whocarriedhospitalitytoapunctiliousexcess，aresaidtohaveconsidereditaschurlishtoaskastrangerhisnameorlineagebeforehehadtakenrefreshment。Feudsweresofrequentamongthem，thatacontraryrulewouldinmanycaseshaveproducedthediscoveryofsomecircumstancewhichmighthaveexcludedtheguestfromthebenefitoftheassistancehestoodinneedof"（Scott）。

591。Snowdoun。AnoldnameofStirlingCastle。Seevi。789

below。

592。Lordofabarrenheritage。"BythemisfortunesoftheearlierJameses，andtheinternalfeudsoftheScottishchiefs，thekinglypowerhadbecomelittlemorethananame。Eachchiefwasapettykinginhisowndistrict，andgavejustsomuchobediencetotheking’sauthorityassuitedhisconvenience"

（Taylor）。

596。Wot。Knows；thepresentoftheobsoletewit（theinfinitivetowitisstilluseinlegalforms），notofweet，asgenerallystated。SeeMatzner，Eng。Gram。i。382。Cf。

Shakespeare，Rich。III。ii。3。18："No，no，goodfriends，Godwot。"Healsouseswots（asinHen。V。iv。1。299）andaparticiplewotting（inW。T。iii。2。77）。

602。Require。Request，ask；asinElizanethanEnglish。Cf。

Shakespeare，Hen。VIII。ii。4。144："InhumblestmannerIrequireyourhighness，"etc。

603。Theelderlady’smien。TheMS。has"themother’seasymien。"

606。Ellen，thoughmore，etc。TheMS。reads：

"Ellen，thoughmoreherlooksbetrayedThesimpleheartofmountainmaid，Inspeechandgesture，formandgrace，Showedshewascomeofgentlerace；

’Twasstrange，inbirthsorude，tofindSuchface，suchmanners，andsuchmind。

Eachanxioushintthestrangergave，Themotherheardwithsilencegrave。"

616。Weirdwomenwe，etc。Seeon35above。Weirdhere=

skilledinwitchcraft；likethe"weirdsisters"ofMacbeth。Down=hill（theGaelicdun）。

622。Aharpunseen。Scotthasthefollowingnotehere："’"They[theHighlanders]delightmuchinmusicke，butchieflyinharpsandclairschoesoftheirownfashion。Thestringsoftheclairschoesaremadeofbrassewire，andthestringsoftheharpsofsinews；whichstringstheystrikeeitherwiththeirnayles，growinglong，orelsewithaninstrumentappointedforthatuse。

Theytakegreatpleasuretodecketheirharpsandclairschoeswithsilverandpreciousstones；thepooreonesthatcannotattaynehereunto，deckethemwithchristall。Theysingversesprettilycompound，contayning（forthemostpart）praysesofvaliantmen。Thereisnotalmostanyotherargument，whereoftheirrhymesintreat。TheyspeaktheancientFrenchlanguage，alteredalittle。"[FN#6]

’TheharpandchairschoesarenowonlyheardofintheHighlandsinancientsong。Atwhatperiodtheseinstrumentsceasedtobeused，isnotonrecord；andtraditionissilentonthishead。

But，asIrishharpersoccasionallyvisitedtheHighlandsandWesternIslestilllately，theharpmighthavebeenextantsolateasthemiddleofthepresentcentury。Thusfarweknow，thatfromremotetimesdowntothepresent，harperswerereceivedaswelcomeguests，particularlyintheHighlandsofScotland；andsolateasthelatterendofthesixteenthcentury，asappearsbytheabovequotations，theharpwasincommonuseamongthenativesoftheWesternIsles。Howithappenedthatthenoisyandinharmoniousbagpipebanishedthesoftandexpressiveharp，wecannotsay；butcertainitis，thatthebagpipeisnowtheonlyinstrumentthatobtainsuniversallyintheHighlanddistricts’

（Campbell’sJourneythroughNorthBritain。London，1808，4to，i。

175）。

"Mr。Gunn，ofEdinburgh，haslatelypublishedacuriousEssayupontheHarpandHarpMusicoftheHighlandsofScotland。Thattheinstrumentwasonceincommonusethere，ismostcertain。

ClelandnumbersanacquaintancewithitamongthefewaccomplishmentswhichhissatireallowstotheHighlanders：——

’Innothingthey’reaccountedsharp，Exceptinbagpipeorinharm。’"

624。Soldier，rest！etc。Themetreofthissongistrochaic；

thatis，theaccentsfallregularlyontheoddsyllables。

631。Inslumberdewing。Thatis，bedewing。Forthemetaphor，cf。Shakespeare，Rich。III。iv。1。84："thegoldendewofsleep；"

andJ。C。ii。1。230："thehoney—heavydewofslumber。"

635。Mornoftoil，etc。TheMS。has"noonofhunger，nightofwaking；"andinthenextline，"rouse"forreach。

638。Pibroch。"AHighlandair，suitedtotheparticularpassionwhichthemusicianwouldeitherexciteorassuage；generallyappliedtothoseairsthatareplayedonthebagpipebeforetheHighlanderswhentheygoouttobattle"（Jamieson）。Hereitisputforthebagpipeitself。Seealsoonii。363below。

642。Andthebitternsoundhisdrum。Goldsmith（D。V。44）callsthebird"thehollow—soundingbittern；"andinhisAnimatedNature，hesaysthatofallthenotesofwaterfowl"thereisnonesodismallyhollowastheboomingofthebittern。"

648。Shepaused，etc。TheMS。has"Shepaused——butwakedagainthelay。"

655。TheMS。reads："Slumbersweetourspellsshalldealye；"

andin657：

"Letourslumbrousspells|availye|beguileye。"

657。Reveille。Thecalltorousetroopsorhuntsmeninthemorning。

669。Forestsports。TheMS。has"mountainchase。"

672。NotEllens’spell。Thatis，notevenEllen’sspell。Onthepassage，cf。Rokeby，i。2：

"Sleepcameatlength，butwithatrainOffeelingstrueandfanciesvain，Mingling，inwilddisordercast，Theexpectedfuturewiththepast。"

693。Orisitallavisionnow？LockhartquoteshereThomson’sCastleofIndolence：

"Yeguardianspirits，towhommanisdear，Fromthesefouldemonsshieldthemidnightgloom：

Angelsoffancyandlove，benear。

Ando’ertheblankofsleepdiffuseabloom：

EvokethesacredshadesofGreeceandRome，Andletthemvirtuewithalookimpart；

Butchief，awhile，O！lendusfromthetombThoselong—lostfriendsforwhominlovewesmart，andfillwithpiousaweandjoy—mixtwoetheheart。

"Orareyousportive？——bidthemornofyouthRisetonewlight，andbeamafreshthedaysOfinnocence，simplicity，andtruth；

Tocaresestranged，andmanhood’sthornyways。

Whattransport，toretraceourboyishplays，Oureasybliss，wheneachthingjoysupplied；

Thewoods，themountains，andthewarblingmazeOfthewildbooks！"

TheCriticalReviewsaysofthefollowingstanza（xxxiv）："Suchastrangeandromanticdreamasmaybenaturallyexpectedtoflowfromtheextraordinaryeventsoftheday。Itmight，perhaps，bequotedasoneofMr。Scott’smostsuccessfuleffortsindescriptivepoetry。Somefewlinesofitareindeedunrivalledfordelicacyandmelancholytenderness。"

704。Grisly。Grim，horrible；anobsoleteword，muchusedinoldpoetry。Cf。Spenser，F。Q。i。5。30："herdarkegrieslylooke；"

Shakespeare，1Hen。VI。i。4。47："Mygrislycountenancemadeothersfly，"etc。Seealsoiv。322，etc。below。

723。Played，etc。TheMS。reads：

"Playedon/thebosomsofthelake，/LockKatrine’sstillexpanse；

Thebirch，thewildrose，andthebroomWastedaroundtheirrichperfume……

Thebirch—treesweptinbalmydew；

TheaspensleptonBenvenue；

Wildweretheheartwhosepassions’powerDefiedtheinfluenceofthehour。"

724。Passion’s。Thereadingofthe1sted。andthatof1821；

somerecenteds。have"passions’。"

738。Orisons。The1sted。has"orison"bothhereandin740

（theed。of1821onlyinthelatter）；butthewordisalmostinvariablyplural，bothinpoetryandprose——alwaysinShakespeareandMilton。

CantoSecond。

7。Aminstrelgray。"ThatHighlandchieftains，toalateperiod，retainedintheirservicethebard，asafamilyofficer，admitsofveryeasyproof。TheauthoroftheLettersfromtheNorthofScotland，anofficerofengineers，quarteredatInvernessabout1720，whocertainlycannotbedeemedafavorablewitness，givesthefollowingaccountoftheoffice，andofabard，whomheheardexercisehistalentofrecitation：——’ThebardiskilledinthegenealogyofalltheHighlandfamilies，sometimespreceptortotheyounglaird，celebratesinIrishversetheoriginalofthetribe，thefamouswarlikeactionsofthesuccessiveheads，andsingshisownlyricksasanopiatetothechief，whenindisposedforsleep；butpoetsarenotequallyesteemedandhonoredinallcountries。Ihappenedtobeawitnessofthedishonourdonetothemuse，atthehouseofoneofthechiefs，wheretwoofthesebardsweresetatagooddistance，atthelowerendofalongtable，withaparcelofHighlandersofnoextraordinaryappearance，overacupofale。Poorinspiration！

Theywerenotaskedtodrinkaglassofwineatourtable，thoughthewholecompanyconsistedonlyofthegreatman，oneofhisnearrelations，andmyself。Aftersomelittletime，thechieforderedoneofthemtosingmeaHighlandsong。Thebardreadilyobeyed，andwithahoarsevoice，andinatuneoffewvariousnotes，began，asIwastold，oneofhisownlyricks；andwhenhehadproceededtothefourthoffifthstanza，Iperceived，bythenamesofseveralpersons，glens，andmountains，whichIhadknownorheardofbefore，thatitwasanaccountofsomeclanbattle。

Butinhisgoingon，thechief（whopiqueshimselfuponhisschool—learning）atsomeparticularpassage，bidhimcease，andcryedout，"There’snothinglikethatinVirgilorHomer。"I

bowed，andtoldhimIbelievedso。Thisyoumaybelievewasveryedifyinganddelightful’"（Scott）。

15。Thanmen，etc。"Itisevidentthattheoldbard，withhissecond—sight，hasaglimmeringnotionwhothestrangeris。Hespeaksbelow[311]of’courtlyspy，’andJames’sspeechhadbetrayedaknowledgeoftheDouglas"（Taylor）。

20。Battled。Thereadingofthe1sted。andthatof1821；

"battle"inmostothers。Cf。i。626above。

22。Wherebeauty，etc。TheMS。has"Attourneyswherethebraveresort。"Thereferenceistothetournaments，"Where，"asMiltonsays（L’Allegro，119），"throngsofknightsandbaronsbold。

Inweedsofpeace，hightriumphshold，Withstoreofladies，whosebrighteyesRaininfluence，andjudgetheprizeOfwitorarms，whilebothcontendTowinhergracewhomallcommend。"

Cf。87below。

26。Love’s。Thereadingofthe1sted。andthatof1821；mosteds。have"love。"

29。Plaided。TheplaidwasproperlythedressofaHighlander，thoughitwaswornalsointheLowlands。

51。TheHarperontheisletbeach。"Thispictureistouchedwiththehandofthetruepoet"（Jeffrey）。

56。Asfrom。Asiffrom。Cf。64and83below。ThisellipsiswascommoninElizabethanEnglish。Cf。Shakespeare，Macb。ii。2。

28：

"Onecried’Godblessus！’and’Amen’theother，Astheyhadseenmewiththesehangman’shands。"

65。Inthelastsound。Forthemeasure，seeoni。73above。

69。Hisfleet。Thatis，ofducks。Cf。i。239above。

80。Wouldscorn。Whowouldscorn。Seeoni。528above。

84。Turnedhim。Seeoni。142above，andcf。106below。

86。After。Afterwards；asinShakespeare，Temp。ii。2。10："Andafterbiteme，"etc。Thewordisnotnowusedadverbiallyoftime，thoughwemaysay"hefollowedafter，"etc。The1sted。

reads"thatknight。"