第9章

ThenextdayIdinedwithMargaretBrightLucas，incompanywithJohnP。Thomasson，memberofParliament，andhiswife，and，afterward，wewenttotheHouseofCommonsandhadthegoodfortunetohearGladstone，Parnell，andSirCharlesDilke。SeeingBradlaughseatedoutsideofthecharmedcircle，Isentmycardtohim，and，inthecorridor，wehadafewmoments\'conversation。

Iaskedhimifhethoughthewouldeventuallygethisseat。Hereplied，“MostassuredlyIwill。Ishallopenthenextcampaignwithsuchanagitationaswillrouseourpoliticianstosomeconsiderationofthechangesgraduallycomingoverthefaceofthingsinthiscountry。“

TheplaceassignedladiesintheHouseofCommonsisreallyadisgracetoacountryruledbyaqueen。Thisdarkperchisthehighestgallery，immediatelyoverthespeaker\'sdeskandgovernmentseats，behindafinewirenetting，sothatitisquiteimpossibletoseeorhearanything。Thesixteenpersonswhocancrowdintothefrontrow，bystandingwiththeirnosespartlythroughtheopennetwork，canhavethesatisfactionofseeingthecranialarchoftheirrulersandhearinganoccasionalpæ；antoliberty，oranIrishgrowlatthelackofit。Iwastoldthatthisnetworkwastopreventthemembersonthefloorfrombeingdisturbedbythebeautyofthewomen。OnhearingthisIremarkedthatIwasdevoutlythankfulthatourAmericanmenwerenotsoeasilydisturbed，andthatthebeautyofourwomenwasnotofsodangerousatype。IcouldbutcontrastourspaciousgalleriesinthatmagnificentCapitolatWashington，aswellasinourgrandStateCapitols，wherehundredsofwomencansitattheireaseandseeandheartheirrulers，withthesedark，dingybuildings。Myson，whohadaseatonthefloorjustoppositetheladies\'gallery，saidhecouldcompareourappearancetonothingbutbirdsinacage。Hecouldnotdistinguishanoutlineofanybody。Allhecouldseewasthemovingoffeathersandfursorsomebrightribbonorflower。

Inthelibraries，thecourts，andtheHouseofLords，Ifoundmanysuggestivesubjectsofthought。Itwasinterestingtofind，onthefrescoedwalls，manyhistoricalscenesinwhichwomenhadtakenaprominentpart。AmongotherstherewasJaneLaneassistingCharlesII。toescape，andAliceLisleconcealingthefugitivesafterthebattleofSedgemoor。SixwivesofHenryVIII。stoodforth，asolemnpageantwhenonerecalledtheirsadfate。Alas！

whetherforgoodorill，womenmusteverfillalargespaceinthetragediesoftheworld。

IpassedafewpleasanthoursinthehousewhereMacaulayspenthislastyears。Theoncespaciouslibraryandthelargebow-window，lookingoutonabeautifullawn，wherehesat，fromdaytoday，writinghisglowingperiods，possessedapeculiarcharmforme，asthesurroundingsofgeniusalwaysdo。Ithought，asIstoodthere，howoftenhehadunconsciouslygazedoneachobjectinsearchingforwordsrichenoughtogildhisideas。

ThehousewasownedandoccupiedbyMr。andMrs。StephenWinckworth。ItwasatoneoftheirsociableSundayteasthatmanypleasantmemoriesofthegreathistorianwererevived。

OneofthemostremarkableandgenialwomenImetwasMissFrancesPowerCobbe。Shecalledoneafternoon，andsippedwithmethefiveo\'clocktea，auniformpracticeinEngland。Shewasofmediumheight，stout，rosy，andvigorous-looking，withalarge，well-shapedhead，astrong，happyface，andgiftedwithrarepowersofconversation。Ifeltverystronglyattractedtoher。Shewasfrankandcordial，andpronouncedinallherviews。Shegaveusanaccountofhereffortstorescueunhappycatsanddogsfromthehandsofthevivisectionists。Wesawher，too，inherhome，andinherofficeinVictoriaStreet。Theperfectorderinwhichherbooksandpaperswerearranged，andtheexquisiteneatnessoftheapartments，wererefreshingtobehold。

Mydaughter，havingdecidedopinionsofherown，wassoonatloggerheadswithMissCobbeonthequestionofvivisection。AfterwehadexaminedseveralGermanandFrenchbooks，withillustrationsshowingthehorriblecrueltyinflictedoncatsanddogs，sheenlargedonthehypocrisyandwickednessofthesescientists，and，turningtomydaughter，said：“Wouldyoushakehandswithoneofthesevivisectionists？”“Yes，“saidHarriot，“IshouldbeproudtoshakehandswithVirchow，thegreatGermanscientist，forhiskindnesstoayoungAmericangirl。Sheappliedtoseveralprofessorstobeadmittedtotheirclasses，butallrefusedexceptVirchow；hereadilyassented，andrequestedhisstudentstotreatherwithbecomingcourtesy。

\'Ifanyofyoubehaveotherwise，\'saidhe，\'Ishallfeelmyselfpersonallyinsulted。\'Sheenteredhisclassesandpursuedherstudies，unmolestedandwithgreatsuccess。Now，wouldyou，MissCobbe，refusetoshakehandswithanyofyourstatesmen，scientists，clergymen，lawyers，orphysicianswhotreatwomenwithconstantindignitiesandinsult？”“Oh，no！”saidMissCobbe。“Then，“saidHarriot，“youestimatethephysicalsufferingofcatsanddogsasofmoreconsequencethanthehumiliationofhumanbeings。Themanwhotorturesacatforascientificpurposeisnotaslowinthescaleofbeings，inmyjudgment，asonewhosacrificeshisowndaughtertosomecruelcustom。“

Aswewere，justthen，readingFroude\'s“LifeofCarlyle，“wedrovebythehousewhereCarlylehadlived，andpausedamomentatthedoorwherepoorJenniewentinandoutsooftenwithaheavyheart。Thebookgivesapainfulrecordofagreatsoulstrugglingwithpovertyanddisappointment；

thehopeofsuccess，asanauthor，solongdeferredandneverrealized。

Hisfoolishprideofindependenceandheadship，andhisutterindifferencetohisdomesticdutiesandthecomfortofhiswifemadethepicturestilldarker。PoorJennie！fittedtoshineinanycircle，yetdoomed，allhermarriedlife，todomesticdrudgery，insteadofassociationswiththegreatmanforwhoseliterarycompanionshipshehadsacrificedeverything。

AtoneofMissBiggs\'receptionsMissAnthonyandImetMr。Stansfeld，M。P。，whohadlaboredfaithfullyfortherepealoftheContagiousDiseasesAct，andhadinameasurebeensuccessful。WehadthehonorofaninterviewwithLordShaftesbury，atoneofhiscrowded“athomes，“andfoundhimalittleuncertainastothewisdomofallowingmarriedwomentovote，forfearofdisturbingthepeaceofthefamily。Ihaveoftenwonderedifmensee，inthisobjection，whatafataladmissiontheymakeastotheirloveofdomination。

MissAnthonywaspresentatthegreatLiberalConference，atLeeds，onOctober17，1882，towhichMrs。HelenBrightClark，MissJaneCobden，Mrs。Tanner，Mrs。Scatcherd，andseveralotherladiesweredulyelecteddelegatesfromtheirrespectiveLiberalLeagues。Mrs。ClarkandMissCobden，daughtersofthegreatcorn-lawreformers，spokeeloquentlyinfavoroftheresolutiontoextendParliamentarysuffragetowomen，whichwaspresentedbyWalterMcLarenofBradford。AsMrs。Clarkmadeherimpassionedappealfortherecognitionofwoman\'spoliticalequalityinthenextbillforextensionofsuffrage，thatimmensegatheringofsixteenhundreddelegateswashushedintoprofoundsilence。Foradaughtertospeakthusinthatgreatrepresentativeconvention，inoppositiontoherlovedandhonoredfather，theacknowledgedleaderofthatparty，wasanactofheroismandfidelitytoherownhighestconvictionsalmostwithoutparallelinEnglishhistory，andtheeffectontheaudiencewasasthrillingasitwassurprising。

Theresolutionwaspassedbyalargemajority。AtthereceptiongiventoJohnBrightthatevening，asMrs。Clarkapproachedthedaisonwhichhernoblefatherstoodshakingthehandsofpassingfriends，sheremarkedtoherhusband，“Iwonderiffatherhasheardofmyspeechthismorning，andifhewillforgivemeforthuspubliclydifferingwithhim？”Thequerywassoonanswered。Ashecaughtthefirstglimpseofhisdaughterhesteppeddown，and，pressingherhandaffectionately，kissedheroneithercheek。

ThenexteveningthegreatQuakerstatesmanwasheardbytheadmiringthousandswhocouldcrowdintoVictoriaHall，whilethousands，equallydesiroustohear，failedtogetticketsofadmission。Itwasamagnificentsight，andaltogetheramostimpressivegatheringofthepeople。MissAnthony，withherfriends，satinthegalleryoppositethegreatplatform，wheretheyhadafineviewofthewholeaudience。WhenJohnBright，escortedbySirWilfridLawson，tookhisseat，theimmensecrowdrose，wavinghatsandhandkerchiefs，and，withthewildestenthusiasm，gavecheeraftercheerinhonorofthegreatleader。SirWilfridLawson，inhisintroductoryremarks，facetiouslyalludedtotheresolutionadoptedbytheConferenceassomewhatinadvanceoftheideasofthespeakeroftheevening。Thehousebrokeintoroarsoflaughter，whiletheFatherofLiberalism，perfectlyconvulsed，joinedinthegeneralmerriment。

Butwhenatlengthhistimetospeakhadcome，andMr。BrightwentoverthemanystepsofprogressthathadbeentakenbytheLiberalparty，hecunninglydodgedthequestionoftheemancipationofthewomenonEngland。

Heskippedroundtheagitationof1867，andJohnStuartMill\'samendmentpresentedatthattimeintheHouseofCommons；theextensionofthemunicipalsuffragein1869；theparticipationofwomenintheestablishmentofnationalschoolsunderthelawof1870，bothasvotersandmembersofschoolboards；

theMarriedWomen\'sPropertyBillof1882；thelargeandincreasingvotefortheextensionofParliamentarysuffrageintheHouseofCommons，andtheadoptionoftheresolutionbythatgreatConferencethedaybefore。

Allthesesuccessivestepstowardwoman\'semancipationhecarefullyrememberedtoforget。

WhileinLondonMissAnthonyandIattendedseveralenthusiasticreformmeetings。WeheardBradlaughaddresshisconstituencyonthatmemorabledayatTrafalgarSquare，attheopeningofParliament，whenviolencewasanticipatedandtheParliamentHousesweresurroundedbyimmensecrowds，withthemilitaryandpoliceinlargenumbers，tomaintainorder。WeheardMichaelDavittandMissHelenTayloratagreatmeetinginExeterHall；

theformeronhomeruleforIreland，andthelatteronthenationalizationofland。Thefactsandfiguresgiveninthesetwolectures，astotheabjectpovertyofthepeopleandthecruelsystembywhicheveryinchoflandhadbeengrabbedbytheiroppressors，wereindeedappalling。AfewdaysbeforesailingwemadeourlastvisittoErnestineL。Rose，andfoundournoblecoadjutor，thoughindelicatehealth，pleasantlysituatedintheheartofLondon，asdeeplyinterestedaseverinthestrugglesofthehour。

Agreatdiscomfort，inallEnglishhomes，istheinadequatesystemofheating。Amoderatefireinthegrateistheonlymodeofheating，andtheyseemquiteoblivioustothedangerofthrowingadooropenintoacoldhallatone\'sback，whiletheservantspassinandoutwiththevariouscoursesatdinner。AsweAmericansweresorelytried，undersuchcircumstances，itwasdecided，inthehomeofmyson-in-law，Mr。Blatch，tohaveahall-stove，which，afteraprolongedsearch，wasfoundinLondonanddulyinstalledasapresidingdeitytodefythedampnessthatpervadesallthoseivy-coveredhabitations，aswellastheneuralgiathatwringstheirpossessors。Whatablessingitproved，morethananyonethingmakingtheoldEnglishhouseseemlikeanAmericanhome！Thedelightfulsummerheatwe，inAmerica，enjoyinthecoldestseasons，isquiteunknowntoourSaxoncousins。Althoughmanycametoseeourstoveinfullworkingorder，yetwecouldnotpersuadethemtoadopttheAmericansystemofheatingthewholehouseataneventemperature。Theyclingtothecustomsoftheirfatherswithanobstinacythatisincomprehensibletous，whoarealwaysreadytotryexperiments。

AmericanscomplainbitterlyofthesamefreezingexperiencesinFranceandGermany，and，inturn，foreignersallcriticizeouroverheatedhousesandplacesofamusement。

WhileattendingameetinginBirminghamIstayedwitharelativeofJosephSturge，whosehomeIhadvisitedfortyyearsbefore。ThemeetingwascalledtodiscussthedegradationofwomenundertheContagiousDiseasesAct。LedbyJosephineButler，thewomenofEnglandweredeeplystirredonthequestionofitsrepealandhavesincesecuredit。IheardMrs。Butlerspeakinmanyofhersocietymeetingsaswellasonotheroccasions。HerstylewasnotunlikethatonehearsinMethodistcampmeetingsfromthebestcultivatedofthatsect；herpowerliesinherdeeplyreligiousenthusiasm。

InLondon，wemetEmilyFaithful，whohadjustreturnedfromalecturingtourintheUnitedStates，andweremuchamusedwithherexperiences。Havingtakenprolongedtripsoverthewholecountry，fromMainetoTexas，formanysuccessiveyears，MissAnthonyandIcouldeasilyaddthesuperlativetoallhernarrations。

ItwasapleasantsurprisetomeetthelargenumberofAmericansusuallyatthereceptionsofMrs。PeterTaylor。Gracefulandbeautiful，infulldress，standingbesideherhusband，whoevidentlyidolizedher，Mrs。Taylorappearedquiteasrefinedinherdrawingroomasifshehadneverbeenexposedtothepublicgazewhilepresidingoverasuffrageconvention。

Mrs。Tayloriscalledthemotherofthesuffragemovement。Thereformhasnotbeencarriedoninallrespectstohertaste，noronwhatsheconsidersthebasisofhighprinciple。NeithershenorMrs。JacobBrighthaseverbeensatisfiedwiththebillaskingtherightsofsuffragefor“widowsandspinsters“only。Tohaveaskedthisright“forallwomendulyqualified，“

asbutfewmarriedwomenarequalifiedthroughpossessingpropertyintheirownright，wouldhavebeensubstantiallythesame，withoutmakinganyinvidiousdistinctions。Mrs。TaylorandMrs。Brightfeltthat，asmarriedwomenwerethegreatestsufferersunderthelaw，theyshouldbethefirstratherthanthelasttobeenfranchised。Theothers，ledbyMissBecker，claimedthatitwasgoodpolicytomakethedemandfor“spinstersandwidows，“andthusexcludethe“familyunit“and“man\'sheadship“fromthediscussion；andyettheseweretheverypointsonwhichtheobjectionswereinvariablybased。Theyclaimedthat，if“spinstersandwidows“wereenfranchised，theywouldbeanaddedpowertosecuretomarriedwomentheirrights。Butthehistoryofthepastgivesusnosuchassurance。Itisnotcertainthatwomenwouldbemorejustthanmen，andasmallprivilegedclassofaristocratshavelonggovernedtheirfellow-countrymen。Thefactthatthespinstersinthemovementadvocatedsuchabill，showsthattheywerenottobetrustedinextendingit。JohnStuartMill，too，wasalwaysopposedtotheexclusionofmarriedwomeninthedemandforsuffrage。

MysenseofjusticewasseverelytriedbyallIheardofthepersecutionsofMrs。BesantandMr。Bradlaughfortheirpublicationsontherightanddutyofparentstolimitpopulation。WhocancontemplatethesadconditionofmultitudesofyoungchildrenintheOldWorldwhosefateistobebroughtupinignoranceandvice朼swarming，seethingmasswhichnobodyowns杦ithoutseeingtheneedoffreediscussionofthephilosophicalprinciplesthatunderliethesetangledsocialproblems？ThetrialsofFooteandRamsey，too，forblasphemy，seemedunworthyagreatnationinthenineteenthcentury。

Thinkofwell-educatedmenofgoodmoralstandingthrownintoprisoninsolitaryconfinement，forspeakinglightlyoftheHebrewideaofJehovahandtheNewTestamentaccountofthebirthofJesus！OurProtestantclergyneverhesitatetomakethedogmasandsuperstitionsoftheCatholicChurchseemasabsurdaspossible，andwhyshouldnotthosewhoimaginetheyhaveoutgrownProtestantsuperstitionsmakethemequallyridiculous？Whateveristruecanstandinvestigationandridicule。

InthelastofApril，whenthewildflowerswereintheirglory，Mrs。

Mellenandherlovelydaughter，Daisy，camedowntoourhomeatBasingstoketoenjoyitsbeauty。AsMrs。MellenhadknownCharlesKingsleyandentertainedhimatherresidenceinColorado，shefeltadesiretoseehisformerhome。

Accordingly，onebrightmorning，Mr。BlatchdroveustoEversley，throughStrathfieldsaye，theparkoftheDukeofWellington。ThismagnificentplacewasgiventohimbytheEnglishgovernmentafterthebattleofWaterloo。

Aloftystatueoftheduke，thatcanbeseenformilesaround，standsatoneentrance。AdriveofafewmilesfurtherbroughtustotheparishchurchofCanonKingsley，wherehepreachedmanyyears，andwhereallthatismortalofhimnowliesburied。Wewanderedthroughtheoldchurch，amongthemoss-coveredtombstones，andintotheoncehappyhome，nowsilentanddeserted杊islovedonesbeingscatteredindifferentquartersoftheglobe。

Standingnearthelastrestingplaceoftheauthorof“Hypatia，“hiswarningwordsforwomen，inalettertoJohnStuartMill，seemedlikeavoicefromheavensaying，withnewinspirationandpower，“Thiswillneverbeagoodworldforwomenuntilthelastremnantofcanonlawiscivilizedoffthefaceoftheearth。“

WeheardMr。FawcettspeaktohisHackneyconstituentsatoneofhiscampaignmeetings。Inthecourseofhisremarkshementionedwithevidentfavor，asoneofthecomingmeasures，thedisestablishmentoftheChurch，andwasgreetedwithloudapplause。Soonafterhespokeofwomansuffrageasanotherquestiondemandingconsideration，butthiswasreceivedwithlaughterandjeers，althoughtheplatformwascrowdedwithadvocatesofthemeasure，amongwhomwerethewifeofthespeakerandhersister，Dr。GarrettAnderson。TheaudiencewereevidentlyinfavorofreleasingthemselvesfrombeingtaxedtosupporttheChurch，forgettingthatwomenweretaxednotonlytosupportaChurchbutalsoaStateinthemanagementofneitherofwhichtheyhadavoice。Mr。Fawcettwasnotanorator，butasimple，straightforwardspeaker。Hemadeonegesture，strikinghisrightclenchedfistintothepalmofhislefthandatthecloseofallhisstrongestassertions，and，althoughmoreliberalthanhisparty，hewasagreatfavoritewithhisconstituents。

OnepleasanttripImadeinEnglandwastoBristol，tovisittheMissesPriestmanandMrs。Tanner，sisters-in-lawofJohnBright。Ihadstayedattheirfather\'shousefortyyearsbefore，sowefeltlikeoldfriends。

Ifoundthemallliberalwomen，andweenjoyedafewdaystogether，talkingoverourmutualstruggles，andadmiringthebeautifulsceneryforwhichthatpartofthecountryiscelebrated。ThewomenofEnglandwerejustthenorganizingpoliticalclubs，andIwasinvitedtospeakbeforemanyofthem。ThereisanearnestnessofpurposeamongEnglishwomenthatisveryencouragingundertheprolongeddisappointmentsreformersinevitablysuffer。AndtheorderofEnglishhomes，too，amongthewealthyclasses，isveryenjoyable。Allgoonfromyeartoyearwiththesameservants，thesamesurroundings，nochanges，nomoving，nobuildingeven；indelightfulcontrastwithourperiodicalupheavals，alwaysuncertainwhereweshallgonext，orhowlongourmaindependentswillstandbyus。

FromBristolIwenttoGreenbanktovisitMrs。HelenBrightClark。OneeveningherparlorswerecrowdedandIwasaskedtogiveanaccountofthesuffragemovementinAmerica。SomeclergymenquestionedmeinregardtotheBiblepositionofwoman，whereuponIgavequiteanexpositionofitsgeneralprinciplesinfavoroflibertyandequality。Astwodistinctlinesofargumentcanbewovenoutofthosepagesonanysubject，onthisoccasionIselectedallthemostfavorabletextsforjusticetowoman，andclosedbystatingthelimitsofitsauthority。Mrs。Clark，thoughthoroughlyinsympathywiththeviewsIhadexpressed，fearedlestmyveryliberalutterancesmighthaveshockedsomeofthestrictestofthelaymenandclergy。

“Well，“saidI，“ifwewhodoseetheabsurditiesoftheoldsuperstitionsneverunveilthemtoothers，howistheworldtomakeanyprogressinthetheologies？Iaminthesunsetoflife，andIfeelittobemyspecialmissiontotellpeoplewhattheyarenotpreparedtohear，insteadofechoingworn-outopinions。“Theresultshowedthewisdomofmyspeakingoutofmyownsoul。TothesurpriseofMrs。Clark，thePrimitiveMethodistclergymancalledonSundaymorningtoinvitemetooccupyhispulpitintheafternoonandpresentthesamelineofthoughtIhadthepreviousevening。Iacceptedhisinvitation。Heledtheservices，andItookmytextfromGenesisi。

27，28，showingthatmanandwomanwereasimultaneouscreation，endowed，inthebeginning，withequalpower。

ReturningtoLondon，IacceptedaninvitationtotaketeaoneafternoonwithMrs。JacobBright，who，inearnestconversation，hadhelpeduseachtoacupoftea，andwasturningtohelpustosomethingmore，whenoverwenttableandall杢ea，breadandbutter，cake，strawberriesandcream，silver，china，inoneconglomeratemass。Silencereigned。Noonestarted；

noonesaid“Oh！”Mrs。Brightwentonwithwhatshewassayingasifnothingunusualhadoccurred，rangthebell，and，whentheservantappeared，pointingtothedé；bris，shesaid，“Charles，removethis。“Iwasfilledwithadmirationathercoolness，anddevoutlythankfulthatweAmericansmaintainedanequallydignifiedsilence。

Atagrandreception，giveninourhonorbytheNationalCentralCommittee，inPrincess\'Hall，JacobBright，M。P。，presidedandmadeanadmirableopeningspeech，followedbyhissister，Mrs。McLaren，withahighlycomplimentaryaddressofwelcome。ByparticularrequestMissAnthonyexplainedtheindustrial，legal，andpoliticalstatusofAmericanwomen，whileIsetforththeireducational，social，andreligiouscondition。JohnP。Thomasson，M。P。，madetheclosingaddress，expressinghissatisfactionwithouraddressesandtheprogressmadeinbothcountries。

Mrs。Thomasson，daughterofMrs。Lucas，gaveseveralparties，receptions，anddinners，杝omeforladiesonly，杦hereanabundantopportunitywasofferedforacriticalanalysisoftheidiosyncrasiesofthesuperiorsex，especiallyintheirdealingswithwomen。ThepatienceofevensuchheroicsoulsasLydiaBeckerandCarolineBiggswasalmostexhaustedwiththetergiversationsofMembersoftheHouseofCommons。Alasforthemanyfairpromisesbroken，thehopesdeferred，thevotesfullyreliedonandcounted，allmissinginthehourofaction！OnecrackofMr。Gladstone\'swhipputahundredLiberalmemberstoflight杕emberswhomthesenoblewomenhadspentyearsineducating。InevervisitedtheHouseofCommonsthatIdidnotseeMissBeckerandMissBiggstryingtoelucidatethefundamentalprinciplesofjustgovernmenttosomeofthelegislators。Verilytheirdivinefaithandpatiencemeritedmoreworthyactiononthepartoftheirallegedrepresentatives！

MissHenriettaMü；llergaveafarewellreceptiontoMissAnthonyandmeontheeveofourdepartureforAmerica，whenwehadtheopportunityofmeetingoncemoremostofthepleasantacquaintanceswehadmadeinLondon。Althoughitwasannouncedfortheafternoon，wedid，infact，receiveallday，asmanycouldnotcomeatthehourappointed。Dr。ElizabethBlackwelltookbreakfastwithus；Mrs。Fawcett，Mrs。Saville，andMissLordwerewithusatluncheon；HarrietHosmerandOliveLogansoonafter；Mrs。PeterTaylorlater，andfromthreetosixo\'clocktheparlorswerecrowded。

ReturningfromLondonIpassedmybirthday，November12，1883，inBasingstoke。

Itwasasaddayforusall，knowingthatitwasthelastdaywithmylovedonesbeforemydepartureforAmerica。WhenIimprintedthefarewellkissonthesoftcheekofmylittlegranddaughterNorainthecradle，sheinthedawnandIinthesunsetoflife，Irealizedhowwidelythebroadoceanwouldseparateus。MissAnthonymetmeatAlderlyEdge，wherewespentafewdayswithMr。andMrs。JacobBright。Therewefoundtheirnoblesisters，Mrs。McLarenandMrs。Lucas，youngWalterMcLarenandhislovelybride，EvaMü；ller，whomwehadheardseveraltimesonthesuffrageplatform。

Weralliedheronthestepshehadlatelytaken，notwithstandinghersister\'sablepaperontheblessednessofasinglelife。Whilethere，wevisitedDeanStanley\'sbirthplace，butonhisdeaththelightandjoywentout。

Theoldchurchwhosewallshadonceechoedtohisvoice，andthehousewherehehadspentsomanyusefulyears，seemedsadanddeserted。Butthedaywasbrightandwarm，thescenerybeautiful，cowsandsheepwerestillgrazinginthemeadows，andthegrasswasasgreenasinJune。ThisisEngland\'schiefcharm，杋tisforevergreen，杙erhapsincompensationforthemanycloudydays。

AsourgoodfriendsMrs。McLarenandMrs。LucashaddeterminedtoseeussafelyonboardtheServia，theyescortedustoLiverpool，wherewemetMrs。MargaretParkerandMrs。Scatcherd。AnotherreceptionwasgivenusattheresidenceofDr。EwingWhittle。Severalshortspeechesweremade，andallpresentcheeredthepartingguestswithwordsofhopeandencouragementforthegoodcause。Herethewisdomofforminganinternationalassociationwasfirstconsidered。Thepropositionmetwithsuchfavorfromthosepresentthatacommitteewasappointedtocorrespondwiththefriendsindifferentnations。MissAnthonyandIwereplacedonthecommittee，andwhilethisprojecthasnotyetbeenfullycarriedout，theideaoftheintellectualco-operationofwomentosecureequalrightsandopportunitiesfortheirsexwasthebasisoftheInternationalCouncilofWomen，whichwasheldundertheauspicesoftheNationalWomanSuffrageAssociationinWashington，D。C。，inMarch，1888。

OntheAtlanticfortendayswehadmanyopportunitiestoreviewallwehadseenandheard。Sittingondeck，hourafterhour，howoftenIqueriedwithmyselfastothesignificanceoftheboonforwhichweweresoearnestlystruggling。Inaskingforavoiceinthegovernmentunderwhichwelive，havewebeenpursuingashadowforfiftyyears？Inseekingpoliticalpower，areweabdicatingthatsocialthronewheretheytellusourinfluenceisunbounded？No，no！therightofsuffrageisnoshadow，butasubstantialentitythatthecitizencanseizeandholdforhisownprotectionandhiscountry\'swelfare。Adirectpoweroverone\'sownpersonandproperty，anindividualopiniontobecounted，onallquestionsofpublicinterest，arebetterthanindirectinfluence，bethateversofarreaching。

Thoughinfluence，likethepurewhitelight，isall-pervading，yetitisofttimesobscuredwithpassingcloudsandnightsofdarkness。Likethesun\'srays，itmaybehealthy，genial，inspiring，thoughsometimestoodirectforcomfort，tooobliqueforwarmth，tooscatteredforanypurpose。

Butastheprismdividestherays，revealingthebrilliantcolorsofthelight，sodoesindividualsovereigntyrevealthebeautyofrepresentativegovernment，andastheburning-glassshowsthepowerofconcentratingtherays，sodoesthecombinedpowerofthemultituderevealthebeautyofunitedefforttocarryagrandmeasure。ChapterXXIII。ChapterXXIII。CHAPTERXXIII。WOMANANDTHEOLOGY。

RETURNINGfromEuropeintheautumnof1883，aftervisitingalargecircleofrelativesandfriends，Ispentsixweekswithmycousin，ElizabethSmithMiller，atherhomeatGeneva，onSenecaLake。

ThroughMissFrancesLord，awomanofrarecultureandresearch，mydaughterandIhadbecomeinterestedintheschooloftheosophy，andread“IsisUnveiled，“byMadameBlavatsky，Sinnett\'sworksonthe“OccultWorld，“

and“ThePerfectWay，“byAnnaKingsford。Fulloftheseideas，Isooninterestedmycousinsinthesubject，andweresolvedtoexplore，asfaraspossible，someoftheseEasternmysteries，ofwhichwehadheardsomuch。Welookedinalldirectionstofindsomepilottostartusontherightcourse。WeheardthatGeraldMasseywasinNewYorkcity，lecturingon“TheDevil，“

“Ghosts，“and“EvilSpirits“generally，soweinvitedhimtovisitusandgiveacourseoflecturesinGeneva。But，unfortunately，hewasill，andcouldnotopennewfieldsofthoughttousatthattime，thoughwewereverydesiroustogetaglimpseintotheunknownworld，andholdconversewiththeimmortals。AsIsoonleftGenevawithmydaughter，Mrs。StantonLawrence，ouroccultstudieswere，foratime，abandoned。

MydaughterandIoftentalkedofwritingastory，shedescribingthecharactersandtheirenvironmentsandIattendingtothephilosophyandsoliloquies。AsIhadnospecialdutiesinprospect，wedecidedthatthiswasthetimetomakeourexperiment。AccordinglywehastenedtothefamilyhomesteadatJohnstown，NewYork，wherewecouldbeentirelyalone。Friendsonallsideswonderedwhathadbroughtusthereinthedepthofthewinter。

Butwekeptoursecret，andsetourselvestoworkwithdiligence，andafterthreemonthsourstorywasfinishedtoourentiresatisfaction。Wefeltsurethateveryonewhoreaditwouldbedeeplyinterestedandthatweshouldreadilyfindapublisher。Wethoughtof“OurRomance“thefirstthinginthemorningandtalkedofitthelastthingatnight。Butalas！friendlycriticswhoreadourstorypointedoutitsdefects，andinduetimewereachedtheirconclusions，andtheunpublishedmanuscriptnowrestsinapigeonholeofmydesk。Wehadnotmanydaystomournourdisappointment，asMadgewassummonedtoherWesternhome，andMissAnthonyarrivedarmedandequippedwithbushelsofdocumentsforvol。iii。of“TheHistoryofWomanSuffrage。“Thesummerandautumnof1884MissAnthonyandIpassedatJohnstown，workingdiligentlyontheHistory，indulgingonlyinanoccasionaldrive，astrollroundthetownintheevening，orarideintheopenstreetcars。

Mrs。DevereuxBlakewasholdingaseriesofconventions，atthistime，throughtheStateofNewYork，andweurgedhertoexpendsomeofhermissionaryeffortsinmynativetown，whichshedidwithgoodresults。AstheschoolelectionwasnearathandMissAnthonyandIhadseveralpreliminarymeetingstoarousethewomentotheirdutyasvoters，andtothenecessityofnominatingsomewomanfortrustee。WhenthedayfortheelectionarrivedthelargeupperroomoftheAcademywasfilledwithladiesandgentlemen。Sometimidsoulswhoshouldhavebeentherestayedathome，fearingtherewouldbearow，buteverythingwasconductedwithdecencyandinorder。Thechairman，Mr。Rosa，welcomedtheladiestotheirnewdutiesinaverycomplimentarymanner。DonaldMcMartinstatedthelawastowhatpersonswereeligibletovoteinschoolelections。Mrs。HoraceSmithfilledtheofficeoftellerontheoccasionwithpromptnessanddignity，andMrs。ElizabethWallaceYostwaselectedtrusteebyamajorityofseven。Itisstrangethatintelligentwomen，whoaresupposedtofeelsomeinterestinthequestionofeducation，shouldbesoindifferenttothepowertheypossesstomakeourschoolsallthattheyshouldbe。

Thiswastheyearofthepresidentialcampaign。TheRepublicansandDemocratshadeachheldtheirnominatingconventions，andallclassesparticipatedinthegeneralexcitement。TherebeinggreatdissastisfactionintheRepublicanranks，weissuedamanifesto：“StandbytheRepublicanParty，“notthatwelovedBlainemore，butClevelandless。Thelatterwaselected，thereforeitwasevidentthatoureffortsdidnothavemuchinfluenceinturningthetideofnationalpolitics，thoughtheRepublicanpapersgaveabroadcirculationtoourappeal。Dowden\'sdescriptionofthepoetShelley\'seffortsinscatteringoneofhissuppressedpamphlets，remindedmeofours。Hepurchasedbushelsofemptybottles，inwhichheplacedhispamplets；havingcorkedthemuptight，hethrewthebottlesintotheseaatvariousfashionablewateringplaces，hopingtheywouldwashashore。WalkingthestreetsofLondonintheeveninghewouldsliphispamphletsintothehoodsofoldladies\'cloaks，throwtheminshopdoors，andleavethemincabsandomnibuses。

Wescatteredoursinthecars，inclosedthemineveryletterwewroteornewspaperwesentthroughthecountry。

ThenightbeforeelectionMr。StantonandProfessorHoraceSmithspokeintheJohnstowncourthouse，andtookratherpessimisticviewsofthefutureoftheRepublicshouldJamesG。Blainebedefeated。Clevelandwaselected，andwestillliveasanation，andareabletodigestthethousandsofforeignimmigrantsdailylandingatourshores。Thenightoftheelectionalargepartyofussatupuntiltwoo\'clocktohearthenews。Mr。StantonhadlongbeenoneoftheeditorialwritersontheNewYorkSun，andtheysenthimtelegramsfromthatofficeuntilalatehour。However，theelectionwassoclosethatwewerekeptinsuspenseseveraldays，beforeitwasdefinitelydecided。

MissAnthonyleftinDecember，1884，forWashington，andIwenttoworkonanarticlefortheNorthAmericanReview，entitled，“WhathasChristianitydoneforWomen？”Itookthegroundthatwomanwasnotindebtedtoanyformofreligionforthelibertyshenowenjoys，butthat，onthecontrary，thereligiouselementinhernaturehadalwaysbeenpervertedforhercompletesubjection。BishopSpaulding，inthesameissueoftheReview，tooktheoppositeground，butIdidnotfeelthatheansweredmypoints。

InJanuary，1885，mynieceMrs。BaldwinandIwenttoWashingtontoattendtheAnnualConventionoftheNationalWomanSuffrageAssociation。

ItwasheldintheUnitarianchurchonthe20th，21st，and22ddaysofthatmonth，andwentoffwithgreatsuccess，asdidtheusualreceptiongivenbyMrs。SpoffordattheRiggsHouse。Thisdearfriend，oneofourmostardentcoadjutors，alwaysmadetheannualconventionatimeformanysocialenjoyments。Themainfeatureinthisconventionwastheattempttopassthefollowingresolutions：

“WHEREAS，ThedogmasincorporatedinreligiouscreedsderivedfromJudaism，teachingthatwomanwasanafter-thoughtinthecreation，hersexamisfortune，marriageaconditionofsubordination，andmaternityacurse，arecontrarytothelawofGod(asrevealedinnature)，andtothepreceptsofChristand，“WHEREAS，Thesedogmasareaninsidiouspoison，sappingthevitalityofourcivilization，blightingwoman，and，throughher，paralyzinghumanity；

thereforebeit“Resolved，ThatwecallontheChristianministry，asleadersofthought，toteachandenforcethefundamentalideaofcreation，thatmanwasmadeintheimageofGod，maleandfemale，andgivenequalrightsovertheearth，butnoneovereachother。And，furthermore，weasktheirrecognitionofthescripturaldeclarationthat，intheChristianreligion，thereisneithermalenorfemale，bondnorfree，butallareoneinChristJesus。“

AschairmanofthecommitteeIpresentedaseriesofresolutions，impeachingtheChristiantheology朼swellasallotherformsofreligion，fortheirdegradingteachingsinregardtowoman杦hichthemajorityofthecommitteethoughttoostrongandpointed，and，aftermuchdeliberation，theysubstitutedtheabove，handingovertotheJewswhatIhadlaidatthedooroftheChristians。Theythoughttheyhadsosugar-coatedmyideasthattheresolutionswouldpasswithoutdiscussion。ButsomeJewsintheconventionpromptlyrepudiatedthisimpressionoftheirfaithandprecipitatedtheverydiscussionIdesired，butwhichourmorepoliticfriendswouldfainhaveavoided。

FromthetimeofthedecademeetinginRochester，in1878，MatildaJoslynGage，EdwardM。Davis，andIhadsedulouslylaboredtorousewomentoarealizationoftheirdegradedpositionintheChurch，andpresentedresolutionsateveryannualconventionforthatpurpose。Buttheywereeithersuppressedorsoamendedastobemeaningless。Theresolutionsoftheannualconventionof1885，tameastheyare，gotintoprintandrousedtheireoftheclergy，anduponthefollowingSunday，Dr。PattonofHowardUniversitypreachedasermonon“WomanandSkepticism，“inwhichheunequivocallytookthegroundthatfreedomforwomanledtoskepticismandimmorality。HeillustratedhispositionbypointingtoHypatia，MaryWollstonecraft，FrancesWright，GeorgeEliot，HarrietMartineau，Mme。Roland，FrancesPowerCobbe，andVictoriaWoodhull。Hemadeagravemistakeinthelastnamesmentioned，asMrs。WoodhullwasadevoutbelieverintheChristianreligion，andsurelyanyoneconversantwithMissCobbe\'swritingswouldneveraccuseherofskepticism。Hissermonwasreceivedwithintenseindignation，evenbythewomenofhisowncongregation。Whenhefoundwhatawhirlwindhehadstarted，hetriedtoshifthispositionandexplainawaymuchthathehadsaid。

Weaskedhimtoletushavethesermonforpublication，thatwemightnotdohiminjustice。Butashecontradictedhimselfflatlyintryingtorestatehisdiscourse，andrefusedtoletusseehissermon，thosewhoheardhimweredisgustedwithhissophistryandtergiversation。

However，ourlaborsinthisdirectionarehavinganeffect。WomenarenowmakingtheirattacksontheChurchallalongtheline。Theyaredemandingtheirrighttobeordainedasministers，elders，deacons，andtobereceivedasdelegatesinalltheecclesiasticalconvocations。AtlasttheyaskoftheChurchjustwhattheyhaveaskedoftheStateforthelasthalfcentury杙erfectequality朼ndtheclergy，asabody，arequiteashostiletotheirdemandsasthestatesmen。

OnmywaybacktoJohnstownIspenttendaysatTroy，whereIpreachedintheUnitarianchurchonSundayevening。DuringthisvisitwehadtwohearingsintheCapitolatAlbany杘neintheSenateChamberandoneintheAssembly，beforetheCommitteeonGrievances。OnbothoccasionsMrs。

MarySeymourHowell，Mrs。DevereuxBlake，Mrs。CarolineGilkeyRogers，andIaddressedtheCommittee。Beingopentothepublic，thechamberwascrowded。ItwasnearlyfortyyearssinceIhadmademyfirstappealintheoldCapitolatAlbany。Myreflectionsweresadanddiscouraging，asIsatthereandlistenedtothespeakersandrememberedhowlongwehadmadeourappealsatthatbar，fromyeartoyear，invain。Themembersofthecommitteepresentedthesamecalmaspectastheirpredecessors，asiftosay，“Bepatient，dearsisters，eternityisbeforeus；thisissimplyaquestionoftime。Whatmaynotcomeinyourday，futuregenerationswillsurelypossess。“Itisalwayspleasanttoknowthatourdescendantsaretoenjoylife，liberty，andhappiness；but，whenoneisgaspingforonebreathoffreedom，thisreflectionisnotsatisfying。

Returningtomynativehills，IfoundtheLentenseasonhadfairlysetin，whichIalwaysdreadedonaccountofthesolemn，tollingbell，theEpiscopalchurchbeingjustoppositeourresidence。OnSundaywehadthebellsofsixchurchesallgoingatthesametime。Itisstrangehowlongcustomscontinueaftertheoriginalobjecthasceasedtoexist。Atanearlyday，whenthecountrywassparselysettledandthepeoplelivedatgreatdistances，bellswereusefultocallthemtogetherwhentherewastobeachurchservice。Butnow，whenthechurchesarealwaysopenonSunday，andeverycongregationknowsthehourofservicesandallhaveclocks，bellsarenotonlyuseless，buttheyareaterriblenuisancetoinvalidsandnervouspeople。IfIameversofortunateastobeelectedamemberofatowncouncil，myfirsteffortswillbetowardthesuppressionofbells。

Toencourageoneofmysexinthetryingprofessionofbookagent，I

purchased，aboutthistime，Dr。Lord\'s“BeaconLightsofHistory，“andreadthelastvolumedevotedtowomen，PaganandChristian，saintsandsinners。Itisveryamusingtoseetheauthor\'sintellectualwrigglingandtwistingtoshowthatnoonecanbegoodorhappywithoutbelievingintheChristianreligion。IndescribinggreatwomenwhoarenotChristians，heattributesalltheirfolliesandmiseriestothatfact。IndescribingPaganwomen，possessedofgreatvirtues，heattributesalltheirvirtuestoNature\'sgifts，whichenablethemtorisesuperiortosuperstitions。

AfterdwellingonthedrearyexistenceofthosenotofChristianfaith，heforthwithpictureshisSt。Teresagoingthroughtwentyyearsofdoubtsandfearsaboutthesalvationofhersoul。ThehappiestpeopleIhaveknownhavebeenthosewhogavethemselvesnoconcernabouttheirownsouls，butdidtheiruttermosttomitigatethemiseriesofothers。

InMay，1885，weleftJohnstownandtookpossessionofourhouseatTenafly，NewJersey。Itseemedverypleasant，afterwanderingintheOldWorldandtheNew，tobeinmyownhomeoncemore，surroundedbythegrandtreesIsodearlyloved；toseethegorgeoussunsets，thetwinklingfireflies；

tohearthewhippoorwillscalltheirfamiliarnote，whiletheJunebugsandthemosquitoesbuzzoutsidethenetsthroughwhichtheycannotenter。

ManypeoplecomplainofthemosquitoinNewJersey，whenhecansoeasilybeshutoutofthefamilycirclebynetsoverallthedoorsandwindows。

Ihadalongpiazza，encasedinnetting，wherepaterfamilias，withhispipe，couldmuseandgazeatthestarsunmolested。

JunebroughtMissAnthonyandaboxoffreshdocumentsforanotherseasonofworkonvol。iii。ofourHistory。WehadaflyingvisitfromMissEddyofProvidence，daughterofMrs。Eddywhogavefiftythousanddollarstothewomansuffragemovement，andagranddaughterofFrancisJacksonofBoston，whoalsoleftagenerousbequesttoourreform。WefoundMissEddyacharmingyoungwomanwithartistictastes。Sheshowedusseveralpensketchesshehadmadeofsomeofourreformers，thatwereadmirablelikenesses。

Mr。Stanton\'s“RandomRecollections“werepublishedatthistimeandwerewellreceived。Adinnerwasgivenhim，onhiseightiethbirdthday(June27，1885)，bythePressClubofNewYorkcity，withspeechesandtoastsbyhislifelongfriends。AsnoladieswereinvitedIcanonlyjudgefromthereportsinthedailypapers，andwhatIcouldgleanfromthehonoredguesthimself，thatitwasaveryinterestingoccasion。

Sittinginthesummerhouse，oneday，Iwitnessedamostamusingscene。

Twooftheboys，insearchofemployment，brokeupahornets\'nest。Bruno，ourlargeSaintBernarddog，seeingthemjumpingabout，thoughthewouldjoininthefun。Theboystriedtodrivehimaway，knowingthatthehornetswouldgetinhislonghair，butBruno\'scuriosityoutranhiscautionandheplungedintothemidstoftheswarmandwassooncompleletelycovered。

Thebuzzingandstingingsoonsentthepoordoghowlingontherun。Herushedasusual，inhisdistress，toAmeliainthekitchen，wheresheandthegirlsweremakingpreservesandironing。Whentheysawthehornets，theydroppedirons，spoons，jars，everything，andrushedoutofdoorsscreaming。

IappreciatedthedangerintimetogetsafelyintothehousebeforeBrunocametomeforaidandcomfort。Atlasttheyplayedthehoseonhimuntilhefoundsomerelief；themaidens，armedwithtowels，thrashedrightandleft，andtheboys，withevergreenbranches，foughtbravely。Ihadoftenheardof“stirringupahornets\'nest，“butIhadneverbeforeseenapracticaldemonstrationofitsdanger。Fordaysafter，ifBrunoheardanythingbuzz，hewouldrushforthehouseatthetopofhisspeed。Butinspiteoftheseoccasionallivelyepisodes，vol。iii。wentsteadilyon。

MysuffragesonsanddaughtersthroughalltheNorthernandWesternStatesdecidedtocelebrate，onthe12thofNovember，1885，myseventiethbirthday，byholdingmeetingsorsendingmegiftsandcongratulations。ThishonorwassuggestedbyMrs。ElizabethBoyntonHarbertinTheNewEra，apapershewaseditingatthattime。Thesuggestionmetwithareadyresponse。Iwasinvitedtodeliveranessayon“ThePleasuresofAge，“beforethesuffrageassociationinNewYorkcity。Ittookmeaweektothinkthemup，butwiththeinspirationofLongfellow\'s“MorituriSalutamus，“Iwasalmostconvertedtotheideathat“weoldfolks“hadthebestofit。

Thedaywasusheredinwithtelegrams，letters，andexpresspackages，whichcontinuedtoarriveduringtheweek。FromEngland，France，andGermanycamecablegrams，presents，andlettersofcongratulation，andfromallquarterscamebooks，pictures，silver，bronzes，Californiablankets。andbasketsoffruitsandflowers。TheeulogiesinproseandverseweresoheartyandnumerousthattheridiculeandcriticismoffortyyearswereburiedsodeepthatIshallrememberthemnomore。Thereisnoclasswhoenjoythepraiseoftheirfellow-menlikethosewhohavehadonlyblamemostoftheirlives。Theeveningofthe12thwehadadelightfulreunionatthehomeofDr。ClemenceLozier，whereIgavemyessay，afterwhichMrs。Lozier，Mrs。Blake，MissAnthony，“JennyJune，“andsomeoftheyoungerconvertstoourplatform，allmadeshortspeechesofpraiseandcongratulation，whichwerefollowedbymusic，recitations，andrefreshments。

AllduringtheautumnMissAnthonyandIlookedforwardtothespring，whenwehopedtohavecompletedthethirdandlastvolumeofourHistory，andthusendthelaborsoftenyears。WehadneithertimenoreyesighttoreadaughtbuttheimperativedocumentsfortheHistory。Iwashungeringforsomeothermentalpabulum。

InJanuary，1886，IwasinvitedtodinewithLauraCurtisBullard，tomeetMme。Durand(HenriGré；ville)，thenovelist。Sheseemedapoliticratherthananearnestwomanofprinciple。Asitwasoftenveryinconvenientformetoentertaindistinguishedvisitors，whodesiredtomeetmeinmycountryhomeduringthewinter，Mrs。Bullardgenerouslyofferedalwaystoinvitethemtoherhome。SheandhergoodmotherhavedonetheirpartinthereformmovementsinNewYorkbytheirgeneroushospitalities。

ReadingthedebatesinCongress，atthattime，onaproposedappropriationforamonumenttoGeneralGrant，IwasgladtoseethatSenatorPlumbofKansaswasbraveenoughtoexpresshisopinionagainstit。Ifullyagreewithhim。Solongasmultitudesofourpeoplewhoaredoingtheworkoftheworldliveingarretsandcellars，inignorance，poverty，andvice，itisthedutyofCongresstoapplythesurplusinthenationaltreasurytoobjectswhichwillfeed，clothe，shelter，andeducatethesewardsoftheState。Ifwemustkeeponcontinuallybuildingmonumentstogreatmen，theyshouldbehandsomeblocksofcomfortablehomesforthepoor，suchasPeabodybuiltinLondon。SenatorHoarofMassachusettsfavoredtheGrantmonument，partlytocultivatetheartistictastesofourpeopleWemightaswellcultivateourtastesonusefuldwellingsasonuselessmonuments。

SurelysanitaryhomesandschoolhousesforthelivingwouldbemoreappropriatemonumentstowisestatesmenthanthepurestParianshaftsamongthesepulchersofthedead。

Thestrikesandmobsandsettleddiscontentofthemasseswarnusthat，althoughweforgetandneglecttheirinterestsandourduties，wedoitattheperilofall。Englishstatesmenareattheirwits\'endto-daywiththeirtangledsocialandindustrialproblems，threateningthethroneofalonglineofkings。Theimpendingdangercannotbeavertedbyanysurfacemeasures；theremustbearadicalchangeintherelationsofcapitalandlabor。

InAprilrumorsofadomesticinvasion，waftedoneveryAtlanticbreeze，warnedusthatourchildrenwerecomingfromEnglandandFrance朼partyofsix。Fortunately，thelastlineoftheHistorywaswritten，soMissAnthony，withvol。iii。andbushelsofmanuscripts，fledtothepeacefulhomeofhersisterMaryatRochester。TheexpectedpartysailedfromLiverpoolthe26thofMay，ontheAmerica。Afterbeingoutthreedaysthepistonrodbrokeandtheywereobligedtoreturn。Myson-in-law，W。H。

Blatch，wassoseasickanddisgustedthatheremainedinEngland，andtookafreshstarttwomonthslater，andhadaswiftpassagewithoutanyaccidents。

TherestweretransferredtotheGermanic，andreachedNewYorkthe12thofJune。Differentdivisionsofthepartywerearrivinguntilmidnight。Fivepeopleandtwentypiecesofbaggage！Theconfusionofsuchaninvasionquiteupsettheeventenorofourdays，andittooksometimeforpeopleandtrunkstofindtheirrespectiveniches。Howevercrowdedelsewhere，therewasplentyofroominourhearts，andwewereunspeakablyhappytohaveourflockallaroundusoncemore。

IhadlongheardsomanyconflictingopinionsabouttheBible杝omesayingittaughtwoman\'semancipationandsomehersubjection杢hat，duringthisvisitofmychildren，thethoughtcametomethatitwouldbewelltocollecteverybiblicalreferencetowomeninonesmallcompactvolume，andseeonwhichsidethebalanceofinfluencereallywas。TothisendIproposedtoorganizeacommitteeofcompetentwomen，withsomeLatin，Greek，andHebrewscholarsinEnglandandtheUnitedStates，forathoroughrevisionoftheOldandNewTestaments，andtoascertainwhatthestatusofwomanreallywasundertheJewishandChristianreligion。AstheChurchhasthusfarinterpretedtheBibleasteachingwoman\'ssubjection，andnoneoftherevisionsbylearnedecclesiasticshavethrownanynewlightonthequestion，itseemedtomepre-eminentlyproperandtimelyforwomenthemselvestoreviewthebook。Astheyarenowstudyingtheologyinmanyinstitutionsoflearning，askingtobeordainedaspreachers，elders，deacons，andtobeadmitted，asdelegates，toSynodsandGeneralAssemblies，andarerefusedonBiblegrounds，itseemedtomehightimeforwomentoconsiderthosescripturalargumentsandauthorities。

Ahappycoincidenceenabledmeatlasttobeginthiswork。Whilemydaughter，Mrs。StantonBlatch，waswithme，ourfriendMissFrancesLord，onourearnestinvitation，cametoAmericatovisitus。ShelandedinNewYorkthe4thofAugust，1886。AsitwasSundayshecouldnottelegraph，hencetherewasnoonetomeether，and，asweallsatchattingonthefrontpiazza，suddenly，tooursurpriseanddelight，shedroveup。Afterafewdays\'restandgeneraltalkofpassingevents，Ilaidthesubjectsonearmyheartbeforeherandmydaughter。Theyrespondedpromptlyandheartily，andweimmediatelysettowork。IwrotetoeverywomanwhoI

thoughtmightjoinsuchacommittee，andMissLordranthroughtheBibleinafewdays，markingeachchapterthatinanywayreferredtowomen。

Wefoundthattheworkwouldnotbesogreatasweimagined，asallthefactsandteachingsinregardtowomenoccupiedlessthanone-tenthofthewholeScriptures。WepurchasedsomecheapBibles，cutoutthetexts，pastedthemattheheadofthepage，and，underneath，wroteourcommentariesasclearlyandconciselyaspossible。Wedidnotintendtohavesermonsoressays，butbriefcomments，tokeep“TheWoman\'sBible“assmallaspossible。

MissLordandIworkedseveralweekstogether，andMrs。BlatchandI，duringthewinterof1887，wroteallourcommentariesonthePentateuch。

Butwecouldnotsucceedinformingthecommittee，nor，afterwritinginnumerableletters，makethewomenunderstandwhatwewantedtodo。Istillhavethecommentariesofthefewwhoresponded，andthelettersofthosewhodeclined朼

mostvariedandamusingbundleofmanuscriptsinthemselves。SomesaidtheBiblehadnospecialauthoritywiththem；that，liketheAmericanConstitution，itcouldbeinterpretedtomeananything杝lavery，whenweprotectedthat“Institution，“andfreedom，whenitexistednolonger。Otherssaidthatwoman\'sspherewasclearlymarkedoutintheScriptures，andallattemptatemancipationwasflyinginthefaceofProvidence。Otherssaidtheyconsideredalltherevisionsmadebymenthusfar，hadbeensomanyactsofsacrilege，andtheydidhopewomenwouldnotaddtheirinfluence，toweakenthefaithofthepeopleinthedivineoriginoftheHolyBook，for，ifmenandwomencouldchangeitinoneparticular，theycouldinall。

Onthewholethecorrespondencewasdiscouraging。

LaterMissLordbecamedeeplyinterestedinpsychicalresearches，andIcouldgetnomoreworkoutofher。AndassoonaswehadfinishedthePentateuch，Mrs。Blatchdeclaredshewouldgonofarther；thatitwasthedriesthistoryshehadeverread，andmostderogatorytowomen。Mybelovedcoadjutor，SusanB。Anthony，saidthatshethoughtitaworkofsupererogation；

thatwhenourpoliticalequalitywasrecognizedandwebecamefull-fledgedAmericancitizens，theChurchwouldmakehastetobringherBiblesandprayerbooks，creedsanddisciplineuptothesamehigh-watermarkofliberty。

HelenGardenersaid：“Iconsiderthisamostimportantproposal，andifyouandIcaneverstayonthesamesideoftheAtlanticlongenough，wewilljoinhandsanddothework。Infact，IhavebegunalreadywithPaul\'sEpistles，andamfascinatedwiththework。Theuntenableandunscientificpositionshetakesinregardtowomenareveryamusing。AlthoughthefirstchapterofGenesisteachesthesimultaneouscreationofmanandwoman，Paulbaseswoman\'ssubjectiononthepriorityofman，andbecausewomanwasoftheman。Asthehistoricalfactisthat，asfarbackashistorydates，themanhasbeenofthewoman，shouldhethereforebeforeverinbondagetoher？Logically，accordingtoPaul，heshould。“

Iconsultedseveralfriends，suchasDr。WilliamF。Channing，Mr。andMrs。MoncureD。Conway，GertrudeGarrison，FrederickCabot，andEdwardM。Davis，astotheadvisabilityofthework，andtheyallagreedthatsuchavolume，showingwoman\'spositionundertheJewishandChristianreligions，wouldbevaluable，butnoneofthemhadtimetoassistintheproject。Though，owingtoallthesediscouragements，Idiscontinuedmywork，Inevergaveupthehopeofrenewingitsometime，whenotherofmycoadjutorsshouldawaketoitsimportanceandoffertheirservices。

OnOctober27，1886，withmydaughter，nurse，andgrandchild，IagainsailedforEngland。Goingoutoftheharborintheclearearlymorning，wehadafineviewofBartholdi\'sstatueofLibertyEnlighteningtheWorld。

Wehadawarm，gentlerainandasmoothseamostoftheway，and，aswehadastateroomondeck，wecouldhavetheportholesopen，andthusgetalltheairwedesired。Withnovelsandletters，chessandwhistthetimepassedpleasantly，and，ontheninthday，welandedinLiverpool。ChapterXXIV。ChapterXXIV。CHAPTERXXIV。ENGLANDANDFRANCEREVISITED。

ONarrivingatBasingstokewefoundawaitinguscordiallettersofwelcomefromMissBiggs，MissPriestman，Mrs。PeterTaylor，Mrs。PriscillaMcLaren，MissMü；ller，Mrs。JacobBright，andMme。deBarrau。DuringthewinterMrs。MargaretBrightLucas，Drs。KateandJuliaMitchell，Mrs。CharlesMcLaren，Mrs。Saville，andMissBalgarnieeachspentadayortwowithus。Thefull-dresscostumeoftheladieswasagreatsurprisetomylittlegranddaughterNora。Shehadneverseenbareshouldersinadrawingroom，andatthefirstglanceshecouldnotbelievehereyes。Sheslowlymadethecircuitoftheroom，comingnearerandneareruntilshetouchedthelady\'snecktoseewhetherornotitwascoveredwithsomepeculiarshadeofdress，butfindingthebareskinshesaid：“Why，youarenotdressed，areyou？Iseeyourskin！”ThescenesuggestedtometheamusingdescriptioninHolmes\'“ElsieVenner，“oftheeffortsofayounglady，seatedbetweentwooldgentlemen，toshowoffherwhiteshoulders。Thevicarwouldnotlook，butsteadilyprayedthathemightnotbeledintotemptation；butthephysician，withgreatermoralhardihood，deliberatelysurveyedtheofferedcharms，withspectaclesonhisnose。THREEGENERATIONS。MYEIGHTIETHBIRTHDAY。

InDecemberHattieandIfinishedDowden\'s“LifeofShelley，“whichwehadbeenreadingtogether。Herewefindasensitive，refinednature，fullofnoblepurposes，thrownoutwhentooyoungtomeetalllife\'semergencies，withnolovingMentortoguardhimfromblundersortohelptoretrievetheconsequencesofhisfalsepositions。Hadhebeensurroundedwithafewtruefriends，whocouldappreciatewhatwasgreatinhimandpitywhatwasweak，hislifewouldhavebeendifferent。Hisfatherwashard，exacting，andunreasonable；hencehehadnoinfluence。Hismotherhadneitherthewisdomtoinfluencehim，northecouragetorebukeherhusband；andalas！

poorwoman，shewasinsuchthraldomherselftoconventionalisms，thatshecouldnotunderstandayouthwhosetthemallatdefiance。

WealsoreadCottonMorrison\'s“ServiceofMan，“whichIhopewillbeanewinspirationtofreshlaborsbyallfortheelevationofhumanity，andCarnegie\'s“TriumphantDemocracy，“showingthepowerourcountryisdestinedtowieldandthevastnessofourdomain。ThisbookmustgiveeveryAmericancitizenafeelingofdeeperresponsibilitythaneverbeforetoactwellhispart。Weread，too，HarrietMartineau\'stranslationoftheworksofAugusteComte，andfoundthepartonwomanmostunsatisfactory。

HecriticisesAristotle\'sbeliefthatslaveryisanecessaryelementofsociallife，yetseemstothinkthesubjectionofwomaninmoderncivilizationamatterofnoimportance。

AllthroughthatwinterHattieandIoccupiedourtimestudyingtheBibleandreadingthecommentariesofClark，Scott，andWordsworth(BishopofLincoln)。WefoundnothinggrandinthehistoryoftheJewsnorinthemoralsinculcatedinthePentateuch。SurelythewritershadaverylowideaofthenatureoftheirGod。TheymakeHimnotonlyanthropomorphic，butoftheverylowesttype，jealousandrevengeful，lovingviolenceratherthanmercy。Iknownootherbooksthatsofullyteachthesubjectionanddegradationofwoman。Miriam，theeldestsisterofMosesandAaron，agenius，aprophetess，withthefamilyaptitudefordiplomacyandgovernment，iscontinuallysetasidebecauseofhersex杙ermittedtoleadthewomeninsinginganddancing，nothingmore。Nowomancouldoffersacrificesnoreattheholymeatsbecause，accordingtotheJews，shewastoouncleanandunholy。

Butwhatistheuse，saysome，ofattachinganyimportancetothecustomsandteachingsofabarbarouspeople？Nonewhatever。Butwhenourbishops，archbishops，andordainedclergymenstandupintheirpulpitsandreadselectionsfromthePentateuchwithreverentialvoice，theymakethewomenoftheircongregationbelievethattherereallyissomedivineauthorityfortheirsubjection。IntheThirty-FirstChapterofNumbers，inspeakingofthespoilstakenfromtheMidianites，thelivestockisthussummarized：

“Fivethousandsheep，threescoreandtwelvethousandbeeves，threescoreandonethousandasses，andthirty-twothousandwomenandwomen-children，“

whichMosessaidthewarriorsmightkeepforthemselves。WhatapityaSteadhadnotbeenthere，toprotectthechild-womenoftheMidianitesandrebuketheLord\'schosenpeopleastheydeserved！Inplacingthewomenafterthesheep，thebeeves，andtheasses，wehaveafairideaoftheircomparativeimportanceinthescaleofbeing，amongtheJewishwarriors。

NowondertherightreverendbishopsandclergyoftheMethodistChurch，whobelieveinthedivineoriginandauthorityofthePentateuch，excludewomenfromtheirgreatconvocationsintheAmericanRepublicinthenineteenthcentury。Inviewofthefactthatourchildrenaretaughttoreverencethebookasofdivineorigin，Ithinkwehavearighttoaskthat，inthenextrevision，allsuchpassagesbeexpurgated，andtothatendlearned，competentwomenmusthaveanequalplaceontherevisingcommittee。

Mrs。MargaretBrightLucascame，inFebruary，tospendafewdayswithus。ShewasgreatlyshockedwithmanytextsintheOldTestament，towhichwecalledherattention，andsaid：“Hereisaninsidiousinfluenceagainsttheelevationofwomen，whichbutfewofushaveevertakenintoconsideration。“

ShehadjustreturnedfromaflyingvisittoAmerica；havingmadetwovoyagesacrosstheAtlanticandtraveledthreethousandmilesacrossthecontinentintwomonths，andthisattheageofsixty-eightyears。ShewasenthusiasticinherpraisesofthewomenshemetintheUnitedStates。Ashernamewasalreadyonthecommitteetoprepare“TheWoman\'sBible，“wehadherheartyapprovaloftheundertaking。

InOctoberHattiewenttoLondon，toattendameetingtoformaWoman\'sLiberalFederation。Mrs。Gladstonepresided。Thespeechesmadeweresimplyabsurd，askingwomentoorganizethemselvestohelptheLiberalparty，whichhadsteadilydeniedtothemthepoliticalrightstheyhaddemandedfortwentyyears。ProfessorStuartcappedtheclimaxofinsultwhenheurgedas“onegreatadvantageingettingwomentocanvassfortheLiberalpartywasthattheywouldgivetheirservicesfree。“TheLiberalssawwhatenthusiasmthePrimroseDameshadrousedfortheToryparty，reallycarryingtheelection，andtheydeterminedtoutilizeasimilarforceintheirranks。

Butthewholemovementwasaninsulttowomen。

Theoneabsorbinginterest，then，wastheQueen\'sJubilee。LadiesformedsocietiestocollectfundstoplaceatthedisposaloftheQueen。Everylittlevillagewasdividedintodistricts，anddifferentladiestooktherounds，beggingpenniesateverydoorofservantsandthelaboringmasses，andpoundsofthewealthypeople。Oneofthempaidusavisit。Sheaskedthemaidwhoopenedthedoortoseetherestoftheservants，andshebeggedapennyofeachofthem。Shethenaskedtoseethemistress。Mydaughterdescended；but，insteadofapound，shegaveheralectureontheQueen\'savarice。WhenthefundwasstartedthepeoplesupposedtheQueenwastoreturnitalltothepeopleinliberalendowmentsofcharitableinstitutions，butherMajestyproposedtobuildamonumenttoPrinceAlbert，althoughhealreadyhadoneinLondon。“TheQueen，“saidmydaughter，“shouldcelebrateherJubileebygivinggoodgiftstohersubjects，andnotbyfilchingfromthepoortheirpennies。Togivehalfherworldlypossessionstoherimpoverishedpeople，togiveHomeRuletoIreland，ortomakeherpublicschoolsfree，wouldbedeedsworthyherJubilee；buttotakeanothercentfromthosewhoarehopelesslypoorisasinagainstsufferinghumanity。“Theyoungwomanrealizedthesituationandsaid：“Ishallgonofarther。IwishI

couldreturneverypennyIhavetakenfromtheneedy。“

Themostfittingmonumentsthisnationcanbuildareschoolhousesandhomesforthosewhodotheworkoftheworld。Itisnoanswertosaythattheyareaccustomedtoragsandhunger。Inthisworldofplentyeveryhumanbeinghasarighttofood，clothes，decentshelter，andtherudimentsofeducation。“SomethingisrotteninthestateofDenmark“whenone-tenthofthehumanfamily，bootedandspurred，ridethemassestodestruction。

Idetestthewords“royalty“and“nobility，“andalltheideasandinstitutionsbasedontheirrecognition。InAprilthegreatmeetinginHydeParkoccurred朼

meetingofprotestagainsttheIrishCoercionBill。ItwasencouragingtoseethatthereisademocraticaswellasanaristocraticEngland。TheLondonjournalsgaveverydifferentaccountsofthemeeting。TheToriessaiditwasamobofinconsequentialcranks。Reasonteachesus，however，thatyoucannotgetupalarge，enthusiasticmeetingunlessthereissomequestionpendingthattouchestheheartofthepeople。ThosewhosaythatIrelandhasnogrievancesareignorantalikeofhumannatureandthefactsofhistory。

OnApril14IwenttoParis，mydaughterescortingmetoDover，andmysonmeetingmeatCalais。Itwasabright，pleasantday，andIsatondeckandenjoyedthetrip，thoughmanyofmyfellowpassengerswerepaleandlimp。WhirlingtoParisinaneasycar，throughthebeautifulwheatfieldsandvineyards，Ithoughtoftheoldlumberingdiligence，inwhichwewentuptoParisatasnail\'spacefortyyearsbefore。IremainedinParisuntilOctober，andneverenjoyedsixmonthsmorethoroughly。Oneofmychiefpleasureswasmakingtheacquaintanceofmyfourthson，Theodore。Ihadseenbutlittleofhimsincehewassixteenyearsold，ashethenspentfiveyearsatCornellUniversity，andasmanymoreinGermanyandFrance。

Hehadalreadypublishedtwoworks，“TheLifeofThiers，“and“TheWomanQuestioninEurope。“TohaveasoninterestedinthequestiontowhichIhavedevotedmylife，isasourceofintensesatisfaction。TosaythatIhaverealizedinhimallIcoulddesire，isthehighestpraiseafondmothercangive。

Myfirstexperienceinanapartment，livingonanevenplane，norunninganddownstairs，wasaspleasantasitwassurprising。Ihadnoideaofthecomfortandconvenienceofthismethodofkeepinghouse。OurapartmentinParisconsistedofdrawingroom，diningroom，library，agood-sizedhall，inwhichstoodalargeAmericanstove，fivebedrooms，bathroom，andkitchen，andabalconyfifty-twofeetlongandfourfeetwide。Thefirstfewdaysitmademedizzytolookdownfromthisbalconytothestreetbelow。Iwasafraidthewholestructurewouldgiveway，itappearedsolightandairy，hangingmidwaybetweenearthandheaven。Butmyconfidenceinitssteadfastnessandintegritygrewdaybyday，anditbecamemyfavoriteresort，commanding，asitdid，amagnificentviewofthewholecityanddistantsurroundings。

ThereweresomanyAmericansintown，andFrenchreformerstobeseen，thatIgaveWednesdayafternoonreceptionsduringmywholevisit。Tooneofour“athomes“cameMlle。MariaDeraismes，theonlyfemaleFreeMasoninFrance，andthebestwomanoratorinthecountry；hersister，Mme。Fé；resse-Deraismes，whotakespartinallwomanmovements；M。Lé；onRicher，thenactivelyadvocatingthecivilandpoliticalrightsofwomenthroughthecolumnsofhisvigorousjournal；Mme。GriessTraut，whomakesaspecialtyofPeacework；Mme。IsabelleBogelot，whoafterwardattendedtheWashingtonCouncilof1888，andwhoisaleaderincharitywork；thelateMme。EmiliedeMorsier，whoafterwardwasthesouloftheInternationalCongressof1889，atParis；

Mme。PaulineKergomard，thefirstwomantobemadeamemberoftheSuperiorCouncilofpublicInstructioninFrance，andMme。HenriGré；ville，thenovelist。

AmongtheAmericanguestsatourvariousWednesdayreceptionswereMr。

andMrs。JohnBigelow，Mr。andMrs。JamesG。Blaine，Mr。DanielC。French，theConcordsculptor；Mrs。J。C。Ayer，Mr。L。WhiteBusbey，oneoftheeditorsoftheChicagoInter-Ocean；Rev。Dr。HenryM。Field，CharlesGiffordDyer，thepainterandfatherofthegiftedyoungviolinist，MissHellaDyer；thelateRev。Mr。Moffett，thenUnitedStatesConsulatAthens，Mrs。GovernorBagleyanddaughterofMichigan；GraceGreenwoodandhertalenteddaughter，whocharmedeveryonewithhermelodiousvoice，andMissBryant，daughterofthepoet。OnevisitorwhointerestedusmostwastheNorwegiannovelistandrepublican，BjornstjorneBjornson。

WehadseveralpleasantinterviewswithFrederickDouglassandhiswife，someexcitinggamesofchesswithTheodoreTilton，inthepleasantapartmentsofthelateW。J。A。Fuller，Esq。，andhisdaughter，MissKateFuller。

AtthistimeIalsometourbrilliantcountrywoman，LouiseChandlerMoulton。

Seeingsomanyfamiliarfaces，IcouldeasilyimaginemyselfinNewYorkratherthaninParis。IattendedseveralreceptionsanddinedwithMrs。

CharlotteBeebeWilbour，greatlyenjoyinghercleverdescriptionsofawinterontheNileinherowndahabeeyeh。IheardPè；reHyacinthepreach，andmethisAmericanwifeonseveraloccasions。Itooklongdriveseverydaythroughtheparksandpleasantpartsofthecity。Withgardenconcerts，operas，theaters，andtheHippodromeIfoundabundantamusement。

Inevergrewwearyofthelatterperformance杢hewonderfulintelligencedisplayedtherebyanimals，beingafreshsurprisetomeeverytimeIwent。

IattendedareceptionattheElysé；ePalace，escortedbyM。JosephFabre，thenadeputyandnowasenator。M。FabreistheauthorofaplayandseveralvolumesdevotedtoJoanofArc。HepresentedmetothePresidentandtoMme。JulesGré；vy。IwasalsointroducedtoM。JulesFerry，thenprimeMinister，whosaid，amongotherthings：“Iamsorrytoconfessit，butitisonlytootrue，ourFrenchwomenarefarbehindtheirsistersinAmerica。“Thebeautiful，largegardenwasthrownopenthatevening，杋twasinJuly，朼ndthefinebandoftheRepublicanGuardgaveadelightfulconcertunderthebigtrees。IalsometM。Gré；vy\'sson-in-law，M。

DanielWilson。HewasthenadeputyandoneofthemostpowerfulpoliticiansinFrance。Afewmonthslaterhecausedhisfather\'spoliticaldownfall。

IhaveavividrecollectionofhimbecausehecouldspeakEnglish，hisfatherhavingbeenaBritishsubject。

Ivisitedthepicturegalleriesoncemore，afteralapseofnearlyfiftyyears，andwasstruckbythefactthat，inthatinterval，severalwomenhadbeenadmittedtoplacesofhonor。ThiswasespeciallynoticeableintheLuxembourgSculptureGallery，wheretwowomen，Mme。BertauxandthelateClaudeVignon，wifeofM。Rouvier，werebothrepresentedbygoodwork杢hefirstandonlywomensculptorsadmittedtothatgallery。

Atabreakfastpartywhichwegave，ImadetheacquaintanceofGeneralCluseret，whofiguredinourCivilWar，afterwardbecameWarMinisteroftheParisCommune，andisnowmemberoftheChamberofDeputies。HelearnedEnglishwheninAmerica，andhadnotentirelyforgottenit。HetoldanecdotesofLincoln，Stanton，Sumner，Fré；mont，Garibaldi，theCountofParis，andmanyotherfamousmenwhomheonceknew，andprovedtobeaveryinterestingconversationalist。

OldbookstandswerealwaysattractivecentersofinteresttoTheodore，and，amongothertreasure-troves，hebroughthomeonedayaboyoffourteenyears，whoseofficeithadbeentowatchthebooks。Hewasabright，cheerylittlefellowofmixedFrenchandGermandescent，whocouldspeakEnglish，French，andGerman。Hewasjustwhatwehaddesired，torunerrandsandtendthedoor。Ashewasdelightedwiththeideaofcomingtous，wewenttoseehisparents。Wewerepleasedwiththeirappearanceandsurroundings。

WelearnedthattheyweremembersoftheLutheranChurch，thattheboywasoneoftheshininglightsinSundayschool，andtheonlypointinouragreementonwhichtheywerestrenuouswasthatheshouldgoregularlytoSundayschoolandhavetimetolearnhislessons。

So“Immanuel“commencedanewlifewithus，andaswehadunboundedconfidenceintheboy\'sintegrity，weexcusedhisshortcomings，and，foratime，believedallhesaid。Butbeforelongwefoundoutthatthemomentweleftthehousehewasinthedrawingroom，investigatingeverydrawer，playingonthepiano，orsleepingonthesofa。Thoughhewastoldnevertotouchthehallstove，hewouldgoandopenallthedraughtsandmakeitred-hot。Thenweadoptedtheplanoflockingupeverypartoftheapartmentbutthekitchen。Heamusedhimselfburningholesthroughthepantryshelves，whenthecookwasout，andboringholes，withagimlet，throughahandsomelycarvedbreadboard。Oneday，inmakingupasparebedforafriend，underthemattresswerefoundinnumerablelettershewassupposedtohavemailedatdifferenttimes。Whenwereprimandedhimforhisprankshewouldlookatussteadily，butsorrowfully，and，immediatelyafterward，wewouldhearhimdancingdownthecorridorsinging，“SafeintheArmsofJesus。“Ifhehadgivenheedtoone-halfwesaidtohim，hewouldhavebeensaferinourhandsthaninthoseofhisimaginaryprotector。Heturnedoutathief，andunmitigatedliar，adancingdervish，and，throughallourexperiencesofsixweekswithhim，hischiefreadingwashisBibleandSunday-schoolbooks。Theexperience，however，wasnotlostonTheodore杊ehasneversuggestedaboysince，andafaithfuldaughterofEvereignsinhisstead。

DuringthesummerIwasinthehandsoftwoartists，MissAnnaKlumpke，whopaintedmyportrait，andPaulBartlett，whomoldedmyheadinclay。

Toshortentheoperation，sometimesIsatforbothatthesametime。Althoughneitherwasfullysatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheirlabors，wehadmanypleasanthourstogether，discussingtheirart，theirearlytrials，andartistsingeneral。EachhadgoodplacesintheSalon，andhonorablementionthatyear。ItissadtoseesomanyAmericangirlsandboys，whohavenogeniusforpaintingorsculpture，spendingtheirdaysingarrets，insolitudeandpoverty，withthevainhopeofearningdistinction。Womenofallclassesareawakingtothenecessityofself-support，butfewarewillingtodotheordinaryusefulworkforwhichthearefitted。IntheSalonthatyearsixthousandpictureswereoffered，andonlytwothousandaccepted，andmanyofthesewere“skyed。“

Itwaslovelyonourbalconyatnighttowatchthelittleboats，withtheirlights，sailingupanddowntheSeine，especiallythedayofthegreatannualfê；te，杢he14thofJuly，杦henthewholecitywasmagnificentlyilluminated。Wedroveaboutthecityonseveraloccasionsatmidnight，toseethelife杕en，women，andchildrenenjoyingthecoolbreezes，andtherestaurantsallcrowdedwithpeople。

SundayinParisischarming杋tisthedayforthemassesofthepeople。

Allthegalleriesofart，thelibraries，concerthalls，andgardensareopentothem。Allaredressedintheirbest，outdriving，walking，andhavingpicnicsinthevariousparksandgardens；husbands，wives，andchildrenlaughingandtalkinghappilytogether。Theseatsinthestreetsandparksareallfilledwiththelaboringmasses。ThebenchesalloverParis朼longthecurbstonesineverystreetandhighway杝howthecaregiventothecomfortofthepeople。Youwillseemothersandnurseswiththeirbabiesandchildrenrestingonthesebenches，laboringmeneatingtheirlunchesandsleepingthereatnoon，theorgangrindersandmonkeys，too，takingtheircomfort。

InFranceyouseemenandwomeneverywheretogether；inEnglandthemengenerallystaggeraboutalone，caringmorefortheirpipesandbeerthantheirmothers，wives，andsisters。Sociallife，amongthepoorespecially，isfarmorenaturalandharmoniousinFrancethaninEngland，becausewomenmixmorefreelyinbusinessandamusements。

ComingdirectlyfromParistoLondon，oneisforciblystruckwiththegloomofthelattercity，especiallyatnight。Pariswithitselectriclightsisbrillianteverywhere，whileLondon，withitsmeagergasjetshereandtherestrugglingwiththedarkness，isasgloomyanddesolateasDore\'spicturesofDante\'sInferno。OnSunday，whentheshopsareclosed，thesilenceandsolitudeofthestreets，thegeneralsmokyblacknessofthebuildingsandtheatmospheregiveoneamelancholyimpressionofthegreatcenterofcivilization。Nowthatithasbeendiscoveredthatsmokecanbeutilizedandtheatmospherecleared，itisastonishingthattheauthoritiesdonotavailthemselvesofthediscovery，andthusbringlightandjoyandsunshineintothatcity，andthencleanthesootofcenturiesfromtheirblackenedbuildings。

OnmyreturntoEnglandIspentadaywithMissEmilyLord，atherkindergartenestablishment。ShehadjustreturnedfromSweden，whereshespentsixweeksinthecarpenter\'sshop，studyingtheSwedishSlö；jdsystem，inwhichchildrenoftwelveyearsoldlearntousetools，makingspoons，forks，andotherimplements。MissLordshowedussomeofherwork，quitecreditableforherfirstattempts。Shesaidthechildreninthehighergradesofherschoolenjoyedthecarpenterworkimmenselyandbecameverydeftintheuseoftools。

OnNovember1，1887，wereachedBasingstokeoncemore，andfoundallthingsinorder。MydiarytellsofseveralbooksIreadduringthewinterandwhattheauthorssayofwomen；onethe“ReligioMedici，“bySirThomasBrowne，M。D。，inwhichtheauthordiscoursesonmanyhighthemes，God，Creation，Heaven，Hell，andvouchsafesonesentenceonwoman。Ofherhesays：“Iwasnevermarriedbutonceandcommendtheirresolutionwhonevermarrytwice，notthatIdisallowofsecond，norinallcasesofpolygamy，which，consideringtheunequalnumberofthesexes，mayalsobenecessary。