第4章

In1843myfathermovedtoAlbany，toestablishmybrothers-in-law，Mr。WilkesonandMr。McMartin，inthelegalprofession。ThatmadeAlbanythefamilyrallyingpointforafewyears。ThisenabledmetospendseveralwintersattheCapitalandtotakeanactivepartinthediscussionoftheMarriedWoman\'sPropertyBill，thenpendinginthelegislature。WilliamH。Seward，GovernoroftheStatefrom1839to1843，recommendedtheBill，andhiswife，awomanofrareintelligence，advocateditinsociety。Togetherwehadtheopportunityoftalkingwithmanymembers，bothoftheSenateandtheAssembly，insocialcircles，aswellasintheircommitteerooms。

Billswerependingfrom1836until1848，whenthemeasurefinallypassed。

MysecondsonwasborninAlbany，inMarch，1844，undermorefavorableauspicesthanthefirst，asIknew，then，whattodowithababy。ReturningtoChelseawecommencedhousekeeping，whichaffordedmeanotherchapterofexperience。Anewhouse，newlyfurnished，withbeautifulviewsofBostonBay，wasallIcoulddesire。Mr。Stantonannouncedtome，instarting，thathisbusinesswouldoccupyallhistime，andthatImusttakeentirechargeofthehousekeeping。So，withtwogoodservantsandtwobabiesundermysolesupervision，mytimewaspleasantlyoccupied。

Whenfirstinstalledasmistressoveranestablishment，onehasthatsamefeelingofprideandsatisfactionthatayoungministermusthaveintakingchargeofhisfirstcongregation。Itisaproudmomentinawoman\'slifetoreignsupremewithinfourwalls，tobetheonetowhomallquestionsofdomesticpleasureandeconomyarereferred，andtoholdinherhandthatlittlefamilybookinwhichthedailyexpenses，theoutgoingsandincomings，aredulyregistered。Istudiedupeverythingpertainingtohousekeeping，andenjoyeditall。Evenwashingday杢hatdaysomanypeopledread杊aditscharmsforme。Thecleanclothesonthelinesandonthegrasslookedsowhite，andsmelledsosweet，thatitwastomeaprettysighttocontemplate。

Iinspiredmylaundresswithanambitiontohaveherclotheslookwhiteandtogetthemoutearlierthanourneighbors，andtohavethemironedandputawaysooner。

AsMr。Stantondidnotcomehometodinner，wemadeapicnicofournoonmealonMondays，andallthoughtsandenergieswereturnedtospeedthewashing。Nounnecessarysweepingordusting，novisitingnorentertainingangelsunawaresonthatday杋twasheldsacredtosoapsuds，blue-bags，andclotheslines。Thechildren，only，hadnodeviationintheregularityoftheirlives。Theyhadtheirdrivesandwalks，theirnapsandrations，inquantityandtime，asusual。Ihadallthemostapprovedcookbooks，andspenthalfmytimepreserving，pickling，andexperimentinginnewdishes。

IfeltthesameambitiontoexcelinalldepartmentsoftheculinaryartthatIdidatschoolinthedifferentbranchesoflearning。Myloveoforderandcleanlinesswascarriedthroughout，fromparlortokitchen，fromthefrontdoortotheback。Igaveamananextrashillingtopilethelogsoffirewoodwiththeirsmoothendsoutward，thoughIdidnothavethemscouredwhite，asdidourDutchgrandmothers。Itried，too，togiveanartistictouchtoeverything杢hedressofmychildrenandservantsincluded。

Mydiningtablewasround，alwayscoveredwithacleanclothofaprettypatternandacenterpieceofflowersintheirseason，prettydishes，cleansilver，andsetwithneatnessandcare。Iputmysoulintoeverything，andhenceenjoyedit。Inevercouldunderstandhowhousekeeperscouldrestwithrubbishallroundtheirbackdoors；eggshells，brokendishes，tincans，andoldshoesscatteredroundtheirpremises；servantsraggedanddirty，withtheirhairinpapers，andwiththekitchenanddiningroomfullofflies。Ihaveknownevenartiststobeindifferenttotheirpersonalappearanceandtheirsurroundings。Surelyamotherandchild，tastefullydressed，andaprettyhomeforaframework，is，asapicture，evenmoreattractivethanadomesticscenehungonthewall。Theloveofthebeautifulcanbeillustratedaswellinlifeasoncanvas。ThereissuchastruggleamongwomentobecomeartiststhatIreallywishsomeoftheirgiftscouldbeillustratedinclean，orderly，beautifulhomes。

OurhousewaspleasantlysituatedontheChelseaHills，commandingafineviewofBoston，theharbor，andsurroundingcountry。There，ontheupperpiazza，Ispentsomeofthehappiestdaysofmylife，enjoying，inturn，thebeautifuloutlook，mychildren，andmybooks。Here，undertheveryshadowofBunkerHillMonument，mythirdsonwasborn。ShortlyafterthisGerritSmithandhiswifecametospendafewdayswithus，sothisboy，muchagainstmywill，wasnamedaftermycousin。Ididnotbelieveinoldfamilynamesunlesstheywerepeculiarlyeuphonious。Ihadalistofbeautifulnamesforsonsanddaughters，fromwhichtodesignateeachnewcomer；but，asyet，notoneonmylisthadbeenused。However，Iputmyfootdown，atNo。4，andnamedhimTheodore，and，thusfar，hehasprovedhimselfaveritable“giftofGod，“doinghisuttermost，ineverywaypossible，tofightthebattleoffreedomforwoman。

DuringthevisitofmycousinIthoughIwouldventureonasmall，selectdinnerparty，consistingoftheRev。JohnPierpontandhiswife，CharlesSumner，JohnG。Whittier，andJoshuaLeavitt。Ihadanewcook，Rose，whoseviands，thusfar，hadproveddelicious，soIhadnoanxietyonthatscore。

But，unfortunately，onthisoccasionIhadgivenherabottleofwineforthepuddingsauceandwhippedcream，ofwhichsheimbibedtoofreely，andhencethereweresomeglaringblundersinthemenuthatwereexceedinglymortifying。AsMr。Smithandmyhusbandwerebothgoodtalkers，Itoldthemtheymustcoveralldefectswiththeirbilliantconversation，whichtheypromisedtodo。

Rosehadallthepointsofagoodservant，phrenologicallyandphysiologically。

Shehadalargehead，withgreatbumpsofcautionandorder，hereyeswerelargeandsoftandfarapart。Inselectingher，scientifically，Ihadtoldmyhusband，intriumph，severaltimeswhatatreasureIhadfound。Shortlyafterdinner，oneeveningwhenIwasout，sheheldthebabywhilethenursewaseatinghersupper，andcarelesslyburnedhisfootagainstthestove。

ThenMr。Stantonsuggestedthat，inselectingthenextcook，Iwouldbetternottrusttoscience，butinquireofthefamilywhereshelivedastoherpracticalvirtues。PoorRose！sheweptoverherlapseswhensober，andmadefairpromisesforthefuture，butIdidnotdaretotrusther，soweparted。Theonedrawbacktothejoysofhousekeepingwasthen，asitisnow，thelackoffaithful，competentservants。Thehopeofco-operativehousekeeping，inthenearfuture，givesussomepromiseofamoreharmoniousdomesticlife。

OneofthebooksinmylibraryIvaluemosthighlyisthefirstvolumeofWhittier\'spoems，publishedin1838，“DedicatedtoHenryB。Stanton，asatokenoftheauthor\'spersonalfriendship，andofhisrespectfortheunreserveddevotionofexaltedtalentstothecauseofhumanityandfreedom。“SoonafterourmarriagewespentafewdayswithourgiftedQuakerpoet，onhisfarminMassachusetts。

IshallneverforgetthosehappydaysinJune；thelongwalksanddrives，andtalksundertheoldtreesofanti-slaveryexperiences，andWhittier\'smirthandindignationaswedescribeddifferentscenesintheWorld\'sAnti-slaveryConventioninLondon。HelaughedimmoderatelyattheTomCampbellepisode。

Poorfellow！hehadtakentoomuchwinethatday，andwhenWhittier\'sverses，addressedtotheconvention，wereread，hecriticisedthemseverely，andwoundupbysayingthatthesoulofapoetwasnotinhim。Mr。StantonsprangtohisfeetandrecitedsomeofWhittier\'sstirringstanzasonfreedom，whichelectrifiedtheaudience，and，turningtoCampbell，hesaid：“Whatdoyousaytothat？”“Ah！that\'srealpoetry，“hereplied。“AndJohnGreenleafWhittierisitsauthor，“saidMr。Stanton。

Ienjoyed，too，themorningandeveningservice，whenthereveredmotherreadtheScripturesandweallbowedourheadsinsilentworship。Therewas，attimes，anatmosphereofsolemnitypervadingeverything，thatwasoppressiveinthemidstofsomuchthatappealedtomyhighernature。Therewasashadeofsadnessineventhesmileofthemotherandsister，andarigidplainnessinthehouseanditssurroundings，adepressedlookinWhittierhimselfthatthesongsofthebirds，thesunshine，andthebracingNewEnglandairseemedpowerlesstochaseaway，caused，asIafterwardheard，bypecuniaryembarrassment，andfearsinregardtothedelicatehealthofthesister。She，too，hadrarepoeticaltalent，andinherWhittierfoundnotonlyahelpfulcompanioninthepracticalaffairsoflife，butonewhosympathizedwithhiminthehighestflightsofwhichhismusewascapable。Theirworstfearswererealizedinthedeathofthesisternotlongafter。Inhislastvolumeseveralofherpoemswerepublished，whicharequiteworthytheplacethebrother\'sappreciationhasgiventhem。Whittier\'sloveandreverenceforhismotherandsister，somarkedineverywordandlook，werecharmingfeaturesofhishomelife。Allhispoemstooursexbreathethesametender，worshipfulsentiments。

SoonafterthisvisitatAmesbury，ournoblefriendspentafewdayswithusinChelsea，nearBoston。Oneevening，afterwehadbeentalkingalongtimeoftheunhappydissensionsamonganti-slaveryfriends，bywayofdissipatingtheshadowsIopenedthepiano，andproposedthatweshouldsingsomecheerfulsongs。“Oh，no！”exclaimedMr。Stanton，“donottouchanote；youwillputeverynerveofWhittier\'sbodyonedge。“Itseemed，tome，sonaturalforapoettolovemusicthatIwassurprisedtoknowthatitwasatorturetohim。

FromourupperpiazzawehadafineviewofBostonharbor。Sittingtherelateonemoonlightnight，admiringtheoutlinesofBunkerHillMonumentandtheweirdeffectofthesailsandmastsofthevesselslyingintheharbor，wenaturallypassedfromtheromanceofoursurroundingstothoseofourlives。Ihaveoftennoticedthatthemostreservedpeopleareapttogrowconfidentialatsuchanhour。Itwasundersuchcircumstancesthatthegoodpoetopenedtomeadeeplyinterestingpageofhislife，asadromanceofloveanddisappointment，thatmaynotyetbetold，assomewhowereinterestedintheeventsarestillamongtheliving。

Whittier\'spoemswerenotonlyoneofthemostimportantfactorsintheanti-slaverywarandvictory，buttheyhavebeenequallypotentinemancipatingthemindsofhisgenerationfromthegloomysuperstitionsofthepuritanicalreligion。OliverWendellHolmes，inhiseulogyofWhittier，saysthathisinfluenceonthereligiousthoughtoftheAmericanpeoplehasbeenfargreaterthanthatoftheoccupantofanypulpit。

Asmyhusband\'shealthwasdelicate，andtheNewEnglandwintersprovedtoosevereforhim，weleftBoston，withmanyregrets，andsoughtamoregenialclimateinCentralNewYork。ChapterIX。ChapterIX。CHAPTERIX。THEFIRSTWOMAN\'SRIGHTSCONVENTION。

INthespringof1847wemovedtoSenecaFalls。Herewespentsixteenyearsofourmarriedlife，andhereourotherchildren杢wosonsandtwodaughters杦ereborn。

JustaswewerereadytoleaveBoston，Mr。andMrs。EatonandtheirtwochildrenarrivedfromEurope，andwedecidedtogotogethertoJohnstown，Mr。EatonbeingobligedtohurrytoNewYorkonbusiness，andMr。StantontoremainstillinBostonafewmonths。Atthelastmomentmynursedecidedshecouldnotleaveherfriendsandgosofaraway。AccordinglymysisterandIstarted，byrail，withfivechildrenandseventeentrunks，forAlbany，wherewerestedovernightandpartofthenextday。Wehadaveryfatiguingjourney，lookingaftersomanytrunksandchildren，formysister\'schildrenpersistedinstandingontheplatformateveryopportunity，andtheyoungeroneswouldfollowtheirexample。Thiskeptusconstantlyonthewatch。

WewerethankfulwhensafelylandedoncemoreintheoldhomesteadinJohnstown，wherewearrivedatmidnight。Asourbelovedparentshadreceivednowarningofourcoming，thewholehouseholdwasarousedtodisposeofus。Butnowinsafeharbor，\'midfamiliarscenesandpleasantmemories，ourslumberswereindeedrefreshing。Howrapidlyonethrowsoffallcareandanxietyundertheparentalroof，andhowatseaonefeels，nomatterwhattheagemaybe，whenthelovedonesaregoneforeverandthehomeofchildhoodisbutadreamofthepast。

AfterafewdaysofrestIstarted，alone，formynewhome，quitehappywiththeresponsibilityofrepairingahouseandputtingallthingsinorder。IwasalreadyacquaintedwithmanyofthepeopleandthesurroundingsinSenecaFalls，asmysister，Mrs。Bayard，hadlivedthereseveralyears，andIhadfrequentlymadeherlongvisits。Wehadquiteamagneticcircleofreformers，too，incentralNewYork。AtRochesterwereWilliamHenryChanning，FrederickDouglass，theAnthonys，Posts，Hallowells，Stebbins，杝omegrandoldQuakerfamiliesatFarmington，杢heSedgwicks，Mays，Mills，andMatildaJoslynGageatSyracuse；GerritSmithatPeterboro，andBeriahGreenatWhitesboro。

Thehouseweweretooccupyhadbeenclosedforsomeyearsandneededmanyrepairs，andthegrounds，comprisingfiveacres，wereovergrownwithweeds。Myfathergavemeacheckandsaid，withasmile，“Youbelieveinwoman\'scapacitytodoanddare；nowgoaheadandputyourplaceinorder。“

AfteraminutesurveyofthepremisesanddueconsultationwithoneortwosonsofAdam，Isetthecarpenters，painters，paperhangers，andgardenersatwork，builtanewkitchenandwoodhouse，andinonemonthtookpossession。

Havingleftmychildrenwithmymother，therewerenoimpedimentstoafulldisplayofmyexecutiveability。Inthepurchaseofbrick，timber，paint，etc。，andinmakingbargainswithworkmen，IwasinfrequentconsultationwithJudgeSackettandMr。BascomThelatterwasamemberoftheConstitutionalConvention，theninsessioninAlbany，andasheusedtowalkdownwheneverhewasathome，toseehowmyworkprogressed，wehadlongtalks，sittingonboxesinthemidstoftoolsandshavings，onthestatusofwomen。IurgedhimtoproposeanamendmenttoArticleII，Section3，oftheStateConstitution，strikingouttheword“male，“whichlimitsthesuffragetomen。But，whilehefullyagreedwithallIhadtosayonthepoliticalequalityofwomen，hehadnotthecouragetomakehimselfthelaughing-stockoftheconvention。

WheneverIcorneredhimonthispoint，manlikeheturnedtheconversationtothepaintersandcarpenters。However，theseconversationshadtheeffectofbringinghimintothefirstwoman\'sconvention，wherehedidusgoodservice。

InSenecaFallsmylifewascomparativelysolitary，andthechangefromBostonwassomewhatdepressing。There，allmyimmediatefriendswerereformers，Ihadnearneighbors，anewhomewithallthemodernconveniences，andwell-trainedservants。Hereourresidencewasontheoutskirtsofthetown，roadsveryoftenmuddyandnosidewalksmostoftheway，Mr。Stantonwasfrequentlyfromhome，Ihadpoorservants，andanincreasingnumberofchildren。Tokeepahouseandgroundsingoodorder，purchaseeveryarticlefordailyuse，keepthewardrobesofhalfadozenhumanbeingsinpropertrim，takethechildrentodentists，shoemakers，anddifferentschools，orfindteachersathome，altogethermadesufficientworktokeeponebrainbusy，aswellasallthehandsIcouldimpressintotheservice。Then，too，thenoveltyofhousekeepinghadpassedaway，andmuchthatwasonceattractiveindomesticlifewasnowirksome。IhadsomanycaresthatthecompanyIneededforintellectualstimuluswasatrialratherthanapleasure。

TherewasquiteanIrishsettlementatashortdistance，andcontinualcomplaintswerecomingtomethatmyboysthrewstonesattheirpigs，cows，andtheroofsoftheirhouses。Thisinvolvedconstantdiplomaticrelationsinthesettlementofvariousdifficulties，inwhichIwassosuccessfulthat，atlength，theyconstitutedmeakindofumpireinalltheirownquarrels。Ifadrunkenhusbandwaspoundinghiswife，thechildrenwouldrunforme。Hasteningtothesceneofaction，IwouldtakePatrickbythecollar，and，muchtohissurpriseandshame，makehimsitdownandpromisetobehavehimself。Ineverhadoneofthemoffertheleastresistance，andintimetheyallcametoregardmeasonehavingauthority。Istrengthenedmyinfluencebycultivatinggoodfeeling。Ilentthemenpaperstoread，andinvitedtheirchildrenintoourgrounds；givingthemfruit，ofwhichwehadabundance，andmychildren\'soldclothes，books，andtoys。Iwastheirphysician，also杦ithmyboxofhomeopathicmedicinesItookchargeofthemen，women，andchildreninsickness。Thusthemostamicablerelationswereestablished，and，inanyemergency，thesepoorneighborsweregoodfriendsandalwaysreadytoserveme。

ButIfoundpolicedutyratherirksome，especiallywhencalledoutdarknightstopreventdrunkenfathersfromdisturbingtheirsleepingchildren，ortoministertopoormothersinthepangsofmaternity。Alas！alas！whocanmeasurethemountainsofsorrowandsufferingenduredinunwelcomemotherhoodintheabodesofignorance，poverty，andvice，whereterror-strickenwomenandchildrenarethevictimsofstrongmenfrenziedwithpassionandintoxicatingdrink？

Uptothistimelifehadglidedbywithcomparativeease，butnowtherealstrugglewasuponme。Mydutiesweretoonumerousandvaried，andnonesufficientlyexhilaratingorintellectualtobringintoplaymyhigherfaculties。Isufferedwithmentalhunger，which，likeanemptystomach，isverydepressing。Ihadbooks，butnostimulatingcompanionship。ToaddtomygeneraldissatisfactionatthechangefromBoston，IfoundthatSenecaFallswasamalarialregion，andinduetimeallthechildrenwereattackedwithchillsandfeverwhich，underhomeopathictreatmentinthosedays，lastedthreemonths。Theservantswereafflictedinthesameway。Cleanliness，order，theloveofthebeautifulandartistic，allfadedawayinthestruggletoaccomplishwhatwasabsolutelynecessaryfromhourtohour。NowIunderstood，asIneverhadbefore，howwomencouldsitdownandrestinthemidstofgeneraldisorder。Housekeeping，undersuchconditions，wasimpossible，soIpackedourclothes，lockedupthehouse，andwenttothatharborofsafety，home，asIdideverafterinstressofweather。

Inowfullyunderstoodthepracticaldifficultiesmostwomenhadtocontendwithintheisolatedhousehold，andtheimpossibilityofwoman\'sbestdevelopmentifincontact，thechiefpartofherlife，withservantsandchildren。Fourier\'sphalansteriecommunitylifeandco-operativehouseholdshadanewsignificanceforme。Emersonsays，“Ahealthydiscontentisthefirststeptoprogress。“ThegeneraldiscontentIfeltwithwoman\'sportionaswife，mother，housekeeper，physician，andspiritualguide，thechaoticconditionsintowhicheverythingfellwithoutherconstantsupervision，andthewearied，anxiouslookofthemajorityofwomenimpressedmewithastrongfeelingthatsomeactivemeasuresshouldbetakentoremedythewrongsofsocietyingeneral，andofwomeninparticular。MyexperienceattheWorld\'sAnti-slaveryConvention，allIhadreadofthelegalstatusofwomen，andtheoppressionIsaweverywhere，togethersweptacrossmysoul，intensifiednowbymanypersonalexperiences。Itseemedasifalltheelementshadconspiredtoimpelmetosomeonwardstep。Icouldnotseewhattodoorwheretobegin杕yonlythoughtwasapublicmeetingforprotestanddiscussion。

Inthistempest-tossedconditionofmindIreceivedaninvitationtospendthedaywithLucretiaMott，atRichardHunt\'s，inWaterloo。ThereImetseveralmembersofdifferentfamiliesofFriends，earnest，thoughtfulwomen。Ipouredout，thatday，thetorrentofmylong-accumulatingdiscontent，withsuchvehemenceandindignationthatIstirredmyself，aswellastherestoftheparty，todoanddareanything。Mydiscontent，accordingtoEmerson，musthavebeenhealthy，foritmovedusalltopromptaction，andwedecided，thenandthere，tocalla“Woman\'sRightsConvention。“

WewrotethecallthateveningandpublisheditintheSenecaCountyCourierthenextday，the14thofJuly，1848，givingonlyfivedays\'

notice，astheconventionwastobeheldonthe19thand20th。Thecallwasinsertedwithoutsignatures，杋nfactitwasamereannouncementofameeting，朾utthechiefmoversandmanagerswereLucretiaMott，MaryAnnMcClintock，JaneHunt，MarthaC。Wright，andmyself。Theconvention，whichwasheldtwodaysintheMethodistChurch，wasineverywayagrandsuccess。

Thehousewascrowdedateverysession，thespeakinggood，andareligiousearnestnessdignifiedalltheproceedings。

Thesewerethehastyinitiativestepsof“themostmomentousreformthathadyetbeenlaunchedontheworld杢hefirstorganizedprotestagainsttheinjusticewhichhadbroodedforagesoverthecharacteranddestinyofone-halftherace。“Nowordscouldexpressourastonishmentonfinding，afewdaysafterward，thatwhatseemedtoussotimely，sorational，andsosacred，shouldbeasubjectforsarcasmandridiculetotheentirepressofthenation。WithourDeclarationofRightsandResolutionsforatext，itseemedasifeverymanwhocouldwieldapenpreparedahomilyon“woman\'ssphere。“AllthejournalsfromMainetoTexasseemedtostrivewitheachothertoseewhichcouldmakeourmovementappearthemostridiculous。

Theanti-slaverypapersstoodbyusmanfullyandsodidFrederickDouglass，bothintheconventionandinhispaper，TheNorthStar，butsopronouncedwasthepopularvoiceagainstus，intheparlor，press，andpulpit，thatmostoftheladieswhohadattendedtheconventionandsignedthedeclaration，onebyone，withdrewtheirnamesandinfluenceandjoinedourpersecutors。Ourfriendsgaveusthecoldshoulderandfeltthemselvesdisgracedbythewholeproceeding。

IfIhadhadtheslightestpremonitionofallthatwastofollowthatconvention，IfearIshouldnothavehadthecouragetoriskit，andI

mustconfessthatitwaswithfearandtremblingthatIconsentedtoattendanother，onemonthafterward，inRochester。Fortunately，thefirstoneseemedtohavedrawnallthefire，andofthesecondbutlittlewassaid。

Butwehadsettheballinmotion，andnow，inquicksuccession，conventionswereheldinOhio，Indiana，Massachusetts，Pennsylvania，andintheCityofNewYork，andhavebeenkeptupnearlyeveryyearsince。

ThemostnoteworthyoftheearlyconventionswerethoseheldinMassachusetts，inwhichsuchmenasGarrison，Phillips，Channing，Parker，andEmersontookpart。ItwasoneofthesethatfirstattractedtheattentionofMrs。

JohnStuartMill，anddrewfromherpenthatablearticleon“TheEnfranchisementofWoman，“intheWestminsterReviewofOctober，1852。

Thesameyearoftheconvention，theMarriedWoman\'sPropertyBill，whichhadgivenrisetosomediscussiononwoman\'srightsinNewYork，hadpassedthelegislature。Thisencouragedactiononthepartofwomen，asthereflectionnaturallyarosethat，ifthemenwhomakethelawswerereadyforsomeonwardstep，surelythewomenthemselvesshouldexpresssomeinterestinthelegislation。ErnestineL。Rose，PaulinaWright(Davis)，andIhadspokenbeforecommitteesofthelegislatureyearsbefore，demandingequalpropertyrightsforwomen。WehadcirculatedpetitionsfortheMarriedWoman\'sPropertyBillformanyyears，andsoalsohadtheleadersoftheDutcharistocracy，whodesiredtoseetheirlife-longaccumulationsdescendtotheirdaughtersandgrandchildrenratherthanpassintothehandsofdissipated，thriftlesssons-in-law。JudgeHertell，JudgeFine，andMr。

GeddesofSyracusepreparedandchampionedtheseveralbills，atdifferenttimes，beforethelegislature。HencethedemandsmadeintheconventionwerenotentirelynewtothereadingandthinkingpublicofNewYork杢hefirstStatetotakeanyactiononthequestion。AsNewYorkwasthefirstStatetoputtheword“male“inherconstitutionin1778，itwasfittingthatsheshouldbefirstinmoreliberallegislation。Theeffectoftheconventiononmyownmindwasmostsalutary。Thediscussionshadclearedmyideasastotheprimalstepstobetakenforwomen\'senfranchisement，andtheopportunityofexpressingmyselffullyandfreelyonasubjectIfeltsodeeplyaboutwasagreatrelief。Ithinkallwomenwhoattendedtheconventionfeltbetterforthestatementoftheirwrongs，believingthatthefirststephadbeentakentorightthem。

SoonafterthisIwasinvitedtospeakatseveralpointsintheneighborhood。

Onenight，intheQuakerMeetingHouseatFarmington，Iinvited，asusual，discussionandquestionswhenIhadfinished。Weallwaitedinsilenceforalongtime；atlengthamiddle-agedman，withabroad-brimmedhat，aroseandrespondedinasing-songtone：“AllIhavetosayis，ifahencancrow，lethercrow，“emphasizing“crow“withanupwardinflectiononseveralnotesofthegamut。Themeetingadjournedwithmingledfeelingsofsurpriseandmerriment。IconfessthatIfeltsomewhatchagrinedinhavingwhatIconsideredmyunanswerableargumentssosummarilydisposedof，andtheseriousimpressionIhadmadeontheaudiencesospeedilydissipated。

Thegoodmanintendednodisrespect，ashetoldmeafterward。Hesimplyputthewholeargumentinanutshell：“Letawomandowhatevershecan。“

Withthesenewdutiesandinterests，andabroaderoutlookonhumanlife，mypettydomesticannoyancesgraduallytookasubordinateplace。

NowIbegantowritearticlesforthepress，letterstoconventionsheldinotherStates，andprivateletterstofriends，toarousethemtothoughtonthisquestion。

ThepastorofthePresbyterianChurch，Mr。Bogue，preachedseveralsermonsonWoman\'sSphere，criticisingtheactionoftheconventionsinSenecaFallsandRochester。ElizabethMcClintockandItooknotesandansweredhiminthecountypapers。GraduallyweextendedourlaborsandattackedouropponentsintheNewYorkTribune，whosecolumnswereopentousintheearlydays，Mr。Greeleybeing，atthattime，oneofourmostfaithfulchampions。

Inansweringalltheattacks，wewerecompelledtostudycanonandcivillaw，constitutions，Bibles，science，philosophy，andhistory，sacredandprofane。Nowmymind，aswellasmyhands，wasfullyoccupied，andinsteadofmourning，asIhaddone，overwhatIhadlostinleavingBoston，ItriedineverywaytomakethemostoflifeinSenecaFalls。Seeingthatelaboraterefreshmentspreventedmanysocialgatherings，Ioftengaveaneveningentertainmentwithoutany。Itoldtheyoungpeople，whenevertheywantedalittledanceoramerrytime，tomakeourhousetheirrallyingpoint，andIwouldlightupandgivethemaglassofwaterandsomecake。Inthatwaywehadmanypleasantinformalgatherings。Then，inimitationofMargaretFuller\'sConversationals，westartedonewhichlastedseveralyears。Weselectedasubjecteachweekonwhichweallreadandthought；each，inturn，preparinganessaytenminutesinlength。

Thesewereheld，atdifferenthomes，Saturdayofeachweek。Oncomingtogetherwechoseapresidingofficerfortheevening，whocalledthemeetingtoorder，andintroducedtheessayist。Thatfinished，heaskedeachmember，inturn，whatheorshehadreadorthoughtonthesubject，andifanyhadcriticismstomakeontheessay。Everyonewasexpectedtocontributesomething。Muchinformationwasthusgained，andmanyspicydiscussionsfollowed。Alltheladies，aswellasthegentlemen，presidedinturn，andsobecamefamiliarwithparliamentaryrules。Theeveningendedwithmusic，dancing，andageneralchat。Inthiswaywereadandthoughtoverawiderangeofsubjectsandbroughttogetherthebestmindsinthecommunity。

Manyyoungmenandwomenwhodidnotbelongtowhatwasconsideredthefirstcircle，杅orineverylittlecountryvillagethereisalwaysasmallcliquethatconstitutesthearistocracy，杊adtheadvantagesofasociallifeotherwisedeniedthem。IthinkthatallwhotookpartinthisConversationClubwouldtestifytoitsmanygoodinfluences。

Ihadthreequiteintimateyoungfriendsinthevillagewhospentmuchoftheirsparetimewithme，andwhoaddedmuchtomyhappiness：FrancesHoskins，whowasprincipalofthegirls\'departmentintheacademy，withwhomIdiscussedpoliticsandreligion；MaryBascom，agoodtalkeronthetopicsoftheday，andMaryCrowninshield，whoplayedwellonthepiano。

AsIwasveryfondofmusic，Mary\'scomingwasalwayshailedwithdelight。

Hermother，too，wasadearfriendofmine，awomanofrareintelligence，refinement，andconversationaltalent。ShewasaSchuyler，andbelongedtotheDutcharistocracyinAlbany。Shediedsuddenly，afterashortillness。

Iwaswithherinthelasthoursandheldherhanduntilthegraduallyfadingsparkoflifewentout。HersonisCaptainA。S。CrowninshieldofourNavy。

Mynearestneighborswereaveryagreeable，intelligentfamilyofsonsanddaughters。ButIalwaysfeltthatthemenofthathouseholdweregiventodomineering。Asthemotherwasveryamiableandself-sacrificing，thedaughtersfounditdifficulttorebel。Onesummer，aftergeneralhouse-cleaning，whenfreshpaintandpaperhadmadeeventhekitchenlooktoodaintyforthesummerinvasionofflies，thequeensofthehouseholddecidedtomovethesombrecookstoveintoaspaciouswoodhouse，whereitmaintaineditsdignityoneweek，intheabsenceoftheheadofthehome。Themotheranddaughtersweredelightedwiththechange，andwonderedwhytheyhadnotmadeitbeforeduringthesummermonths。Buttheirpleasurewasshortlived。

Fatherandsonsroseearlythefirstmorningafterhisreturnandmovedthestovebacktoitsoldplace。Whenthewifeanddaughterscamedowntogettheirbreakfast(fortheydidalltheirownwork)theywerefilledwithgriefanddisappointment。Thebreakfastwaseateninsilence，thewomenhumbledwithasenseoftheirhelplessness，andthemengratifiedwithasenseoftheirpower。Thesemenwouldprobablyallhavesaid“homeiswoman\'ssphere，“thoughtheytookthelibertyofregulatingeverythinginhersphere。MRS。STANTONANDSON，1854。ChapterX。ChapterX。CHAPTERX。SUSANB。ANTHONY。

THEreportsoftheconventionsheldinSenecaFallsandRochester，N。

Y。，in1848，attractedtheattentionofonedestinedtotakeamostimportantpartinthenewmovement朣usanB。Anthony，who，forhercourageandexecutiveability，wasfacetiouslycalledbyWilliamHenryChanning，theNapoleonofourstruggle。AtthistimeshewasteachingintheacademyatCanajoharie，alittlevillageinthebeautifulvalleyoftheMohawk。

“TheWoman\'sDeclarationofIndependence“issuedfromthoseconventionsstartledandamusedher，andshelaughedheartilyatthenoveltyandpresumptionofthedemand。But，onreturninghometospendhervacation，shewassurprisedtofindthathersoberQuakerparentsandsister，havingattendedtheRochestermeetings，regardedthemasveryprofitableandinteresting，andthedemandsmadeasproperandreasonable。Shewasalreadyinterestedintheanti-slaveryandtemperancereforms，wasanactivememberofanorganizationcalled“TheDaughtersofTemperance，“andhadspokenafewtimesintheirpublicmeetings。Butthenewgospelof“Woman\'sRights，“foundareadyresponseinhermind，and，fromthattime，herbesteffortshavebeengiventotheenfranchisementofwomen。

As，fromthistime，myfriendiscloselyconnectedwithmynarrativeandwillfrequentlyappeartherein，asketchofherseemsappropriate。

LordBaconhaswellsaid：“Hethathathwifeandchildrenhathgivenhostagestofortune；fortheyareimpedimentstogreatenterpriseseitherofvirtueormischief。Certainlythebestworks，andofgreatestmeritforthepublic，haveproceededfromtheunmarriedorchildlessmen；which，bothinaffectionandmeans，havemarriedandendowedthepublic。“

ThisbitofBaconianphilosophy，asalikeapplicabletowomen，wasthesubject，notlongsince，ofaconversationwitharemarkablygiftedEnglishwoman。

Shewasabsorbedinmanypublicinterestsandhadconscientiouslyresolvednevertomarry，lestthecaresnecessarilyinvolvedinmatrimonyshouldmakeinroadsuponhertimeandthought，tothedetrimentofthepublicgood。“Unless，“saidshe，“somewomendedicatethemselvestothepublicservice，societyisrobbedofneededguardiansforthespecialwantsoftheweakandunfortunate。Thereshouldbe，inthesecularworld，certainorderscorrespondinginameasuretothegrandsisterhoodsoftheCatholicChurch，tothemembersofwhich，asfreelyastomen，alloffices，civicandecclesiastical，shouldbeopen。“Thatthisidealwillberealizedmaybeinferredfromthefactthatexceptionalwomenhave，inallages，beenleadersingreatprojectsofcharityandreform，andthatnowmanystandwaitingonlythesanctionoftheircentury，readyforwidealtruisticlabors。

Theworldhaseverhaditsvestalvirgins，itsholywomen，mothersofideasratherthanofmen；itsMarys，aswellasitsMarthas，who，ratherthanbebusyhousewives，preferredtositatthefeetofdivinewisdom，andponderthemysteriesoftheunknown。AllhailtoMariaMitchell，HarrietHosmer，CharlotteCushman，AliceandPhoebeCary，LouisaAlcott，Dr。ElizabethBlackwell，FrancesWillard，andClaraBarton！Allhonortothenoblewomenwhohavedevotedearnestlivestotheintellectualandmoralneedsofmankind！

SusanB。AnthonywasofsturdyNewEnglandstock，anditwasatthefootofOldGreylock，SouthAdams，Mass。，thatshegaveforthherfirstrebelliouscry。Therethebabystepsweretaken，andatthevillageschoolthefirststitcheswerelearned，andtheABCdulymastered。WhenfivewintershadpassedoverSusan\'shead，therecameatimeofgreatdomesticcommotion，and，inhersmallway，thechildseizedtheideathatpermanenceisnottheruleoflife。ThefamilymovedtoBattenville，N。Y。，whereMr。AnthonybecameoneofthewealthiestmeninWashingtonCounty。Susancanstillrecallthestatelycoldnessofthegreathouse杊owlargethebarerooms，withtheiryellow-paintedfloors，seemed，incontrastwithherowndiminutiveness，andtheoutlookoftheschoolroomwhereforsomanyyears，withherbrothersandsisters，shepursuedherstudiesunderprivatetutors。

Mr。AnthonywasasternHicksiteQuaker。InSusan\'searlylifeheobjectedonprincipletoallformsoffrivolousamusement，suchasmusic，dancing，ornovelreading，whilegamesandevenpictureswereregardedasmeaninglessluxuries。Suchpuritanicalconvictionsmighthaveeasilydegeneratedintomerecant；butunderlyingallwasabroadandfirmbasisofwholesomerespectforindividualfreedomandabraveadherencetotruth。Hewasamanofgoodbusinesscapacity，andathoroughmanagerofhiswideandlucrativeinterests。Hesawthatcompensationandnotchanceruledinthecommercialworld，andhebelievedinthesamejust，thoughoftensevere，lawinthesphereofmorals。Suchamanwasnotapttowalkhumblyinthepathmappedoutbyhisreligioussect。HeearlyoffendedbychoosingaBaptistforawife。Forthisfirstoffensehewas“disowned，“and，accordingtoQuakerusage，couldonlybereceivedintofellowshipagainbydeclaringhimself“sorry“forhiscrimeinfullmeeting。Hewasfullofdevoutthankfulnessforthegoodwomanbyhisside，anddestinedtobethankfultotheveryendforthiscompanion，socalm，sojust，sofar-seeing。Heroseinmeeting，andsaidhewas“sorry“thattherulesofthesocietyweresuchthat，inmarryingthewomanheloved，hehadcommittedoffense！Headmittedthathewas“sorry“forsomething，sowastakenbackintothebodyofthefaithful！

Buthisfaithhadbeguntoweakeninmanyminorpointsofdiscipline。Hiscoatsoonbecameacauseofoffenseandcalledforthanotherreprooffromthosebuttonedupinconforminggarments。ThepettyformsofQuakerismbegantolosetheirweightwithhimaltogether，andhewasfinallydisownedforallowingthevillageyouthtobetaughtdancinginanupperroomofhisdwelling。Hewasappliedtoforthisfavoronthegroundthatyoungmenwereundergreattemptationtodrinkifthelessonsweregiveninthehotel；and，beingarigidtemperanceman，hereadilyconsented，thoughhisprinciples，inregardtodancing，wouldnotallowhisownsonsanddaughterstojoinintheamusement。Butthesocietycouldacceptnosuchdiscriminationinwhatitdeemedsin，norsuchcompromisewithworldlyfrivolity，andsoMr。Anthonywasseennomoreinmeeting。But，inlateryears，inRochesterhewasanattentivelistenertoRev。WilliamHenryChanning。

TheeffectofallthisonSusanisthequestionofinterest。Nodoubtsheearlyweighedthecomparativemoraleffectsofcoatscutwithcapesandthosecutwithout，ofpurelyQuakerconjugalloveandthatdeterioratedwithBaptistaffection。Susanhadanearnestsoulandaconsciencetendingtomorbidity；butastrong，well-balancedbodyandsimplefamilylifesoothedhertooactivemoralnatureandgavetheworld，insteadofareligiousfanatic，asincere，concentratedworker。Everyhouseholdartwastaughtherbyhermother，andsogreatwasherabilitythatthedutydemandingespecialcarewasalwaysgivenintoherhands。Butever，amidschoolandhouseholdtasks，herday-dreamwasthat，intime，shemightbea“high-seat“

Quaker。EachSunday，uptothetimeofthethirddisobedience，Mr。AnthonywenttotheQuakermeetinghouse，somethirteenmilesfromhome，hiswifeandchildrenusuallyaccompanyinghim，though，asnon-members，theywererigidlyexcludedfromallbusinessdiscussions。Exclusionwasverypleasantinthebrightdaysofsummer；but，ononeoccasioninDecember，decidedlyunpleasantfortheseven-year-oldSusan。Whentheblindsweredrawn，atthecloseofthereligiousmeeting，andnon-membersretired，Susansatstill。Soonshesawathinoldladywithbluegogglescomedownfromthe“highseat。“Approachingher，theQuakeresssaidsoftly，“Theeisnotamember杢heemustgoout。““No；mymothertoldmenottogooutinthecold，“

wasthechild\'sfirmresponse。“Yes，buttheemustgoout杢heeisnotamember。““Butmyfatherisamember。““Theeisnotamember，“andSusanfeltasifthespiritwasmovingherandsoonfoundherselfinoutercoldness。

Fingersandtoesbecomingnumb，andabrightfireinacottageoverthewaybeckoningwarmlytoher，theexilefromthechapelresolvedtoseeksecularshelter。Butalas！shewasconfrontedbyahugedog，andjustescapedwithwholeskinthoughcapelessjacket。Wemaybesuretherewasmuchtalk，thatnight，atthehomefireside，andthegoodBaptistwifedeclaredthatnochildofhersshouldattendmeetingagaintillmadeamember。Thereafter，byrequestofherfather，SusanbecameamemberoftheQuakerchurch。

Later，definiteconvictionstookrootinMissAnthony\'sheart。Hersis，indeed，asincerelyreligiousnature。Tobeasimple，earnestQuakerwastheaspirationofhergirlhood；butsheshrankfromadoptingtheformallanguageandplaindress。Darkhoursofconflictwerespentoverallthis，andsheinterpretedherdisinclinationasevidenceofunworthiness。PoorlittleSusan！Aswelookbackwiththeknowledgeofourlaterlife，wetranslatetheheart-burningsasunconsciousprotestsagainstlabelingyourfreesoul，againsttestingyourreasoningconvictionofto-morrowbyanyshibbolethofto-day\'sbelief。Wehailthischild-intuitionasaprophecyoftheuncompromisingtruthfulnessofthematurewoman。SusanAnthonywastaughtsimplythatshemustenterintotheholyofholiesofherownself，meetherself，andbetruetotherevelation。ShefirstfoundwordstoexpressherconvictionsinlisteningtoRev。WilliamHenryChanning，whoseteachinghadalastingspiritualinfluenceonher。To-dayMissAnthonyisanagnostic。AstothenatureoftheGodheadandofthelifebeyondherhorizonshedoesnotprofesstoknowanything。

Everyenergyofhersouliscenteredupontheneedsofthisworld。Toher，workisworship。Shehasnotstoodaside，shiveringinthecoldshadowsofuncertainty，buthasmovedonwiththewhirlingworld，hasdonethegoodgivenhertodo，andthus，indarkesthours，hasbeensustainedbyanunfalteringfaithinthefinalperfectionofallthings。Herbeliefisnotorthodox，butitisreligious。InancientGreeceshewouldhavebeenaStoic；intheeraoftheReformation，aCalvinist；inKingCharles\'

time，aPuritan；butinthisnineteenthcentury，bytheverylawsofherbeing，sheisaReformer。

ForthearduousworkthatawaitedMissAnthonyheryearsofyoungwomanhoodhadgivenpreparation。Herfather，thoughamanofwealth，madeitamatterofconsciencetotrainhisgirls，aswellashisboys，toself-support。

AccordinglySusanchosetheprofessionofteacher，andmadeherfirstessayduringasummervacationinaschoolherfatherhadestablishedforthechildrenofhisemployé；s。Hersuccesswassomarked，notonlyinimpartingknowledge，butalsoasadisciplinarian，thatshefollowedthiscareersteadilyforfifteenyears，withtheexceptionofsomemonthsgiveninPhiladelphiatoherowntraining。Ofthemanyschoolrebellionswhichsheovercame，onerisesbeforeme，prominentinitsludicrousaspect。ThiswasinthedistrictschoolatCenterFalls，intheyear1839。Badreportswerecurrentthereofmaleteachersdrivenoutbyacertainstrappinglad。

RumornexttoldofaQuakermaidencomingtoteach朼Quakermaidenofpeaceprinciples。TheanticipateddayandSusanarrived。Shelookedverymeektothebarbarianoffifteen，sohesoonbeganhisantics。Hewascalledtotheplatform，toldtolayasidehisjacket，and，thereupon，withmuchastonishmentreceivedfromthemildQuakermaiden，withabirchrodappliedcalmlybutwithprecision，anexpositionoftheargumentumadhominembasedontheaposteriorimethodofreasoning。ThusSusandepartedfromherprinciples，butnotfromtheschool。

But，beforelong，conflictsintheoutsideworlddisturbedouryoungteacher。Themultiplicationtableandspellingbooknolongerenchainedherthoughts；largerquestionsbegantofillhermind。Abouttheyear1850

SusanB。Anthonyhidherferuleaway。Temperance，anti-slavery，womansuffrage，杢hreepregnantquestions，杙resentedthemselves，demandingherconsideration。

Higher，everhigher，rosetheirappeals，untilsheresolvedtodedicateherenergyandthoughttotheburningneedsofthehour。Owingtoearlyexperienceofthedisabilitiesofhersex，thefirstdemandforequalrightsforwomenfoundechoinSusan\'sheart。And，thoughshewasinthebeginningstartledtohearthatwomenhadactuallymetinconvention，andbyspeechesandresolutionshaddeclaredthemselvesman\'speerinpoliticalrights，andhadurgedradicalchangesinStateconstitutionsandthewholesystemofAmericanjurisprudence；yetthemostcasualreviewconvincedherthattheseclaimswerebutthelogicaloutgrowthofthefundamentaltheoriesofourrepublic。

AtthisstageofherdevelopmentImetmyfuturefriendandcoadjutorforthefirsttime。HowwellIremembertheday！GeorgeThompsonandWilliamLloydGarrisonhavingannouncedananti-slaverymeetinginSenecaFalls，MissAnthonycametoattendit。Thesegentlemenweremyguests。Walkinghome，aftertheadjournment，wemetMrs。BloomerandMissAnthonyonthecornerofthestreet，waitingtogreetus。Thereshestood，withhergood，earnestfaceandgenialsmile，dressedingraydelaine，hatandallthesamecolor，relievedwithpaleblueribbons，theperfectionofneatnessandsobriety。Ilikedherthoroughly，andwhyIdidnotatonceinviteherhomewithmetodinner，Idonotknow。Sheaccusesmeofthatneglect，andhasneverforgivenme，asshewishedtoseeandhearallshecouldofournoblefriends。IsupposemymindwasfullofwhatIhadheard，ormycomingdinner，ortheprobablebehaviorofthreemischievousboyswhohadbeenbusilyexploringthepremiseswhileIwasatthemeeting。

ThatIhadabundantcauseforanxietyinregardtothephilosophicalexperimentstheseyoungsavagesmighttrythereaderwilladmit，wheninformedofsomeoftheirperformances。Henryimaginedhimselfpossessedofrarepowersofinvention(anancestralweaknessforgenerations)，andsomadealifepreserverofcorks，andtesteditsvirtuesonhisbrother，whowasabouteighteenmonthsold。Accompaniedbyatroopofexpectantboys，thebabywasdrawninhiscarriagetothebanksoftheSeneca，stripped，thestringofcorkstiedunderhisarms，andsetafloatintheriver，thephilosopherandhissatellites，inarowboat，watchingtheexperiment。Thebaby，accustomedtoamorningbathinalargetub，splashedaboutjoyfully，keepinghisheadabovewater。Hewasasblueasindigoandascoldasafrogwhenrescuedbyhisanxiousmother。Thenextdaythesamevictimizedinfantwasseen，byapassingfriend，seatedonthechimney，onthehighestpeakofthehouse。Withoutalarminganyone，thefriendhurrieduptothehousetopandrescuedthechild。Anothertimethethreeelderbrothersenteredintoaconspiracy，andlockedupthefourth，Theodore，inthesmoke-house。Fortunatelyhesoundedthealarmloudandclear，andwassetfreeinsafety，whereuponthethreewereimprisonedinagarretwithtwobarredwindows。Theysummarilykickedoutthebars，and，slidingdownonthelightningrod，betookthemselvestothebarnforliberty。Theyoungestboy，Gerrit，thenonlyfiveyearsold，skinnedhishandsinthedescent。ThisisafairsampleofthequiethappinessIenjoyedinthefirstyearsofmotherhood。

Itwas\'midsuchexhilaratingscenesthatMissAnthonyandIwroteaddressesfortemperance，anti-slavery，educational，andwoman\'srightsconventions。

Hereweforgedresolutions，protests，appeals，petitions，agriculturalreports，andconstitutionalarguments；forwemadeitamatterofconsciencetoaccepteveryinvitationtospeakoneveryquestion，inordertomaintainwoman\'srighttodoso。Tothisendwetookturnsonthedomesticwatchtowers，directingamusements，settlingdisputes，protectingtheweakagainstthestrong，andtryingtosecureequalrightstoallinthehomeaswellasthenation。Icanrecallmanyasternencounterbetweenmyfriendandtheyoungexperimenter。Itispleasanttorememberthatheneverseriouslyinjuredanyofhisvictims，andonlyoncecamenearfatallyshootinghimselfwithapistol。Theballwentthroughhishand；happilyabrassbuttonpreventeditfrompenetratinghisheart。

Itisoftensaid，bythosewhoknowMissAnthonybest，thatshehasbeenmygoodangel，alwayspushingandgoadingmetowork，andthatbutforherpertinacityIshouldneverhaveaccomplishedthelittleIhave。

OntheotherhandithasbeensaidthatIforgedthethunderboltsandshefiredthem。Perhapsallthisis，inameasure，true。WiththecaresofalargefamilyImight，intime，liketoomanywomen，havebecomewhollyabsorbedinanarrowfamilyselfishness，hadnotmyfriendbeencontinuallyexploringnewfieldsformissionarylabors。Herdescriptionofabodyofmenonanyplatform，complacentlydecidingquestionsinwhichwomanhadanequalinterest，withoutanequalvoice，readilyrousedmetoadeterminationtothrowafirebrandintothemidstoftheirassembly。

Thus，wheneverIsawthatstatelyQuakergirlcomingacrossmylawn，IknewthatsomehappyconvocationofthesonsofAdamwastobesetbytheears，byoneofourappealsorresolutions。Thelittleportmanteau，stuffedwithfacts，wasopened，andtherewehadwhattheRev。JohnSmithandHon。RichardRoehadsaid：falseinterpretationsofBibletexts，thestatisticsofwomenrobbedoftheirproperty，shutoutofsomecollege，halfpaidfortheirwork，thereportsofsomedisgracefultrial；injusticeenoughtoturnanywoman\'sthoughtsfromstockingsandpuddings。Thenwewouldgetoutourpensandwritearticlesforpapers，orapetitiontothelegislature；inditeletterstothefaithful，hereandthere；stirupthewomeninOhio，Pennsylvania，orMassachusetts；callonTheLily，TheUna，TheLiberator，TheStandardtorememberourwrongsaswellasthoseoftheslave。Wenevermetwithoutissuingapronunciamentoonsomequestion。Inthoughtandsympathywewereone，andinthedivisionoflaborweexactlycomplimentedeachother。Inwritingwedidbetterworkthaneithercouldalone。Whilesheisslowandanalyticincomposition，Iamrapidandsynthetic。Iamthebetterwriter，shethebettercritic。

Shesuppliedthefactsandstatistics，Ithephilosophyandrhetoric，and，together，wehavemadeargumentsthathavestoodunshakenthroughthestormsoflongyears；argumentsthatnoonehasanswered。Ourspeechesmaybeconsideredtheunitedproductofourtwobrains。

Soentirelyonearewethat，inallourassociations，eversidebysideonthesameplatform，notonefeelingofenvyorjealousyhasevershadowedourlives。Wehaveindulgedfreelyincriticismofeachotherwhenalone，andhotlycontendedwheneverwehavediffered，butinourfriendshipofyearstherehasneverbeenthebreakofonehour。Totheworldwealwaysseemtoagreeanduniformlyreflecteachother。Likehusbandandwife，eachhasthefeelingthatwemusthavenodifferencesinpublic。Thusunited，atanearlydaywebegantosurveythestateandnation，thefuturefieldofourlabors。Weread，withcriticaleyes，theproceedingsofCongressandlegislatures，ofgeneralassembliesandsynods，ofconferencesandconventions，anddiscoveredthat，inallalike，theexistenceofwomenwasentirelyignored。

Nightafternight，byanold-fashionedfireplace，weplottedandplannedthecomingagitation；how，when，andwhereeachenteringwedgecouldbedriven，bywhichwomenmightberecognizedandtheirrightssecured。SpeedilytheStatewasaflamewithdisturbancesintemperanceandteachers\'conventions，andthepressheraldedthenewsfarandnearthatwomendelegateshadsuddenlyappeared，demandingadmissioninmen\'sconventions；thattheirrightshadbeenhotlycontestedsessionaftersession，byliberalmenontheoneside，theclergyandlearnedprofessorsontheother；anoverwhelmingmajorityrejectingthewomenwithterribleanathemasanddenunciations。SuchbattleswerefoughtoverandoverinthechiefcitiesofmanyoftheNorthernStates，untilthebigotryofmeninallthereformsandprofessionswasthoroughlyexposed。Everyrightachieved，toenteracollege，tostudyaprofession，tolaborinsomenewindustry，ortoadvocateareformmeasurewascontendedforinchbyinch。

Manyofthoseenjoyingalltheseblessingsnowcomplacentlysay，“Ifthesepioneersinreformhadonlypressedtheirmeasuresmorejudiciously，inamorelady-likemanner，inmorechoicelanguage，withamoredeferentialattitude，thegentlemencouldnothavebehavedsorudely。“Igive，inthesepages，enoughofthecharacteristicsofthesewomen，ofthesentimentstheyexpressed，oftheireducation，ancestry，andpositiontoshowthatnopowercouldhavemettheprejudiceandbigotryofthatperiodmoresuccessfullythantheydidwhosobravelyandpersistentlyfoughtandconqueredthem。

MissAnthonyfirstcarriedherflagofrebellionintotheStateconventionsofteachers，andtherefought，almostsingle-handed，thebattleforequality。

Atthecloseofthefirstdecadeshehadcompelledconservatismtoyielditsgroundsofarastopermitwomentoparticipateinalldebates，deliveressays，vote，andholdhonoredpositionsasofficers。Shelaboredassincerelyinthetemperancemovement，untilconvincedthatwoman\'smoralpoweramountedtolittleasacivilagent，untilbackedbyballotandcoinedintoStatelaw。Shestillneverlosesanoccasiontodefendco-educationandprohibition，andsolveseverydifficultywiththerefrain，“womansuffrage，“aspersistentasthe“nevermore“ofPoe\'sraven。ChapterXI。ChapterXI。CHAPTERXI。SUSANB。ANTHONY。？Continued。ITwasin1852thatanti-slavery，throughtheeloquentlipsofsuchmenasGeorgeThompson，Phillips，andGarrison，firstproclaimedtoMissAnthonyitspressingfinancialnecessities。Totheirinspiredwordsshegaveanswer，fouryearsafterward，bybecomingaregularlyemployedagentintheAnti-slaverySociety。Forherespousedcauseshehasalwaysmadeboldestdemands。Intheabolitionmeetingssheusedtotelleachclasswhyitshouldsupportthemovementfinancially；invariablycallinguponDemocratstogiveliberally，asthesuccessofthecausewouldenablethemtoceasebowingthekneetotheslavepower。

Thereisscarceatown，howeversmall，fromNewYorktoSanFrancisco，thathasnotheardherringingvoice。Whocannumberthespeechesshehasmadeonlyceumplatforms，inchurches，schoolhouses，halls，barns，andintheopenair，withalumberwagonoracartforherrostrum？Whocandescribethevariedaudiencesandsocialcirclesshehascheeredandinterested？

Nowweseeheronthefar-offprairies，entertaining，withsterlingcommonsense，largegatheringsofmen，women，andchildren，seatedonroughboardsinsomeunfinishedbuilding；again，holdingpublicdebatesinsometownwithhalf-fledgededitorsandclergymen；next，sailinguptheColumbiaRiverand，inhothastetomeetsomeappointment，joltingovertheroughmountainsofOregonandWashington；andthen，beforelegislativeassemblies，constitutionalconventions，andcongressionalcommittees，discussingwithsenatorsandjudgestheletterandspiritofconstitutionallaw。

MissAnthony\'sstyleofspeakingisrapidandvehement。Indebatesheisreadyandkeen，andsheisalwaysequaltoanemergency。ManytimesintravelingwithherthroughtheWest，especiallyonourfirsttriptoKansasandCalifornia，weweresuddenlycalledupontospeaktothewomenassembledatthestations。Filledwithconsternation，Iusuallyappealedtohertogofirst；and，withoutamoment\'shesitation，shecouldalwaysfillfiveminuteswithsomeappropriatewordsandinspiremewiththoughtsandcouragetofollow。TheclimaxoftheseoccasionswasreachedinaninstitutionforthedeafanddumbinMichigan。Ihadjustsaidtomyfriend，“Thereisonecomfortinvisitingthisplace；weshallnotbeaskedtospeak，“whenthesuperintendent，approachingus，said，“Ladies，thepupilsareassembledinthechapel，readytohearyou。IpromisedtoinviteyoutospeaktothemassoonasIheardyouwereintown。“ThepossibilityofaddressingsuchanaudiencewasasnoveltoMissAnthonyastome；yetshepromptlywalkeddowntheaisletotheplatform，asiftoperformanordinaryduty，whileI，halfdistractedwithanxiety，wonderingbywhatprocessIwastobeplacedincommunicationwiththedeafanddumb，reluctantlyfollowed。Butthemannerwassimpleenough，whenillustrated。Thesuperintendent，standingbyourside，repeated，inthesignlanguage，whatwassaidasfastasuttered；andbylaughter，tears，andapplause，thepupilsshowedthattheyfullyappreciatedthepathos，humor，andargument。

Onenight，crossingtheMississippiatMcGregor，Iowa，wewereiceboundinthemiddleoftheriver。Theboatwascrowdedwithpeople，hungry，tired，andcrosswiththedelay。Somegentlemen，withwhomwehadbeentalkingonthecars，startedthecry，“Speechonwomansuffrage！”Accordingly，inthemiddleoftheMississippiRiver，atmidnight，wepresentedourclaimstopoliticalrepresentation，anddebatedthequestionofuniversalsuffrageuntilwelanded。Ourvoyagerswerequitethankfulthatwehadshortenedthemanyhours，andweequallysoathavingmadeseveralconvertsandheldaconventionontheverybosomofthegreat“MotherofWaters。“OnlyonceinallthesewanderingswasMissAnthonytakenbysurprise，andthatwasonbeingaskedtospeaktotheinmatesofaninsaneasylum。“Blessme！”

saidshe，“itisasmuchasIcandototalktothesane！WhatcouldI

saytoanaudienceoflunatics？”Hercompanion，VirginiaL。MinorofSt。

Louis，replied：“Thisisagoldenmomentforyou，thefirstopportunityyouhaveeverhad，accordingtotheconstitutions，totalktoyour\'peers，\'

forisnottherightofsuffragedeniedto\'idiots，criminals，lunatics，andwomen\'？”

Muchcuriosityhasbeenexpressedastothelove-lifeofMissAnthony；

but，ifshehasenjoyedorsufferedanyoftheusualtriumphsordisappointmentsofhersex，shehasnotyetvouchsafedthisinformationtoherbiographers。

Whilefewwomenhavehadmoresincereandlastingfriendships，oramoreextensivecorrespondencewithalargecircleofnoblemen，yetIdoubtifoneofthemcanboastofhavingreceivedfromheranyexceptionalattention。

Shehasoftenplayfullysaid，whenquestionedonthispoint，thatshecouldnotconsentthatthemansheloved，describedintheConstitutionasawhitemale，nativeborn，Americancitizen，possessedoftherightofself-government，eligibletotheofficeofPresidentoftheGreatRepublic，shouldunitehisdestiniesinmarriagewithapoliticalslaveandpariah。“No，no；whenIamcrownedwithalltherights，privileges，andimmunitiesofacitizen，Imaygivesomeconsiderationtothissocialinstitution；butuntilthenImustconcentrateallmyenergiesontheenfranchisementofmyownsex。“

MissAnthony\'slove-life，likeherreligion，hasmanifesteditselfinsteadfast，earnestlaborsformeningeneral。Shehasbeenawatchfulandaffectionatedaughter，sister，friend，andthosewhohavefeltthepulsationsofhergreatheartknowhowwarmlyitbeatsforall。

Asthecustomhaslongbeenobserved，amongmarriedwomen，ofcelebratingtheanniversariesoftheirwedding-day，quiteproperlytheinitiativehasbeentaken，inlateyears，ofdoinghonortothegreateventsinthelivesofsinglewomen。Beingunitedinclosestbondstoherprofession，Dr。HarrietK。HuntofBostoncelebratedhertwenty-fifthyearoffaithfulservicesasaphysicianbygivingtoherfriendsandpatronsalargereception，whichshecalledhersilverwedding。Fromafeelingofthesacrednessofherlifework，theadmirersofSusanB。Anthonyhavebeenmovedtomark，byreceptionandconvention，herrapid-flowingyearsandthepassingdecadesofthesuffragemovement。Tothemostbrilliantoccasionofthiskind，theinvitationcardswereasfollows：

TheladiesoftheWoman\'sBureauinviteyoutoareceptiononTuesdayevening，February15th，tocelebratethefiftiethbirthdayofSusanB。

Anthony，whenherfriendswillhaveanopportunitytoshowtheirappreciationofherlongservicesinbehalfofwoman\'semancipation。

No。49East23rdSt。，NewYork，February10，1870。ELIZABETHB。PHELPS，ANNAB。DARLING，CHARLOTTEBEEBEWILBOUR。

Inresponsetotheinvitation，theparlorsofthebureauwerecrowdedwithfriendstocongratulateMissAnthonyonthehappyevent，manybringingvaluablegiftsasanexpressionoftheirgratitude。Amongotherpresentswereahandsomegoldwatchandcheckstotheamountofathousanddollars。

Theguestswereentertainedwithmusic，recitations，thereadingofmanypiquantlettersofregretfromdistinguishedpeople，andwittyrhymeswrittenfortheoccasionbytheCarysisters。MissAnthonyreceivedherguestswithherusualstraightforwardsimplicity，andinafewearnestwordsexpressedherthanksforthepresentsandpraisesshowereduponher。Thecommentsoftheleadingjournals，nextday，werehighlycomplimentary，andasgenialasamusing。Alldweltonthefactthat，atlast，awomanhadarisenbraveenoughtoassertherrighttogrowoldandopenlydeclarethathalfacenturyhadrolledoverherhead。

OfcarefullypreparedwrittenspeechesMissAnthonyhasmadefew；butthese，bythehighpraisetheycalledforth，provethatshecan杋nspiteofherowndeclarationtothecontrary杙uthersterlingthoughtsonpaperconciselyandeffectively。Afterherexhaustiveplea，in1880，foraSixteenthAmendmentbeforetheJudiciaryCommitteeoftheSenate，SenatorEdmundsaccostedher，asshewasleavingtheCapitol，andsaidheneglectedtotellher，inthecommitteeroom，thatshehadmadeanargument，nomatterwhathispersonalfeelingswereastotheconclusionsreached，whichwasunanswerable朼nargument，unliketheusualplatformoratorygivenathearings，suitedtoacommitteeofmentrainedtothelaw。

Itwasin1876thatMissAnthonygavehermuchcriticisedlectureon“SocialPurity“inBoston。Astotheresultshefeltveryanxious；fortheintelligenceofNewEnglandcomposedheraudience，anditdidnotstillherheart-beatstosee，sittingjustinfrontoftheplatform，herreveredfriend，WilliamLloydGarrison。Butsurelyeveryfearvanishedwhenshefeltthegrandoldabolitionist\'shandwarmlypressinghers，andheardhimsaythattolistentonooneelsewouldhehavehadcouragetoleavehissickroom，andthathefeltfullyrepaidbyhergrandspeech，whichneitherinmatternormannerwouldhehavechangedinthesmallestparticular。

ButintoMissAnthony\'sprivatecorrespondenceonemustlookforexamplesofhermosteffectivewriting。Verborsubstantiveisoftenwanting，butyoucanalwayscatchthethought，andwilleverfinditclearandsuggestive。

Itisastrikinglystrangedialect，butonethattouches，attimes，thedeepestchordsofpathosandhumor，and，whenstirredbysomegreatevent，ishighlyeloquent。

Frombeingthemostridiculedandmercilesslypersecutedwoman，MissAnthonyhasbecomethemosthonoredandrespectedinthenation。Witnessthepraisesofpressandpeople，andtheenthusiasticovationsshereceivedonherdepartureforEuropein1883。Neverwerewarmerexpressionsofregretforanabsence，normoresincereprayersforaspeedyreturn，accordedtoanyAmericanonleavinghisnativeshores。Thisslowawakingtothecharacterofherservicesshowstheabidingsenseofjusticeinthehumansoul。Havingspentthewinterof1882-83inWashington，tryingtopresstoavotethebillforaSixteenthAmendmentbeforeCongress，andtheautumninavigorouscampaignthroughNebraska，whereaconstitutionalamendmenttoenfranchisewomenhadbeensubmittedtothepeople，shefelttheimperativeneedofanentirechangeinthecurrentofherthoughts。Accordingly，afteroneofthemostsuccessfulconventionseverheldatthenationalcapital，andamostflatteringovationinthespaciousparlorsoftheRiggsHouse，andalargereceptioninPhiladelphia，shesailedforEurope。

Fortunateinbeingperfectlywellduringtheentirevoyage，ourtravelerreceivedperpetualenjoymentinwatchingtheevervaryingseaandsky。

Tothecaptain\'smerrychallengetofindanythingsograndastheocean，shereplied，“Yes，thesemightyforcesinnaturedoindeedfillmewithawe；butthisvessel，withdeep-buriedfires，powerfulmachinery，spaciousdecks，andtaperingmasts，walkingthewaveslikeathingoflife，andalltheworkofman，impressesonestillmoredeeply。Lo！inman\'sdivinecreativepowerisfulfilledtheprophecy，\'YeshallbeasGods！\'“

InallherjourneyingsthroughGermany，Italy，andFrance，MissAnthonywasneverthemeresight-seer，butalwaysthehumanitarianandreformerintraveler\'sguise。Fewofthegreatmasterpiecesofartgaveherrealenjoyment。Thekeenappreciationofthebeautiesofsculpture，painting，andarchitecture，whichonewouldhaveexpectedtofindinsodeepareligiousnature，waswanting，warped，nodoubt，byherearlyQuakertraining。Thathertravelsgavehermorepainthanpleasurewas，perhaps，notsomuchthatshehadnoappreciationofæ；stheticbeauty，butthatshequicklygraspedtheinfinitudeofhumanmisery；notbecausehersouldidnotfeeltheheightstowhicharthadrisen，butthatitvibratedineveryfibertothedepthstowhichmankindhadfallen。Wanderingthroughagorgeouspalaceoneday，sheexclaimed，“Whatdoyoufindtoadmirehere？Ifitwereaschooloffivehundredchildrenbeingeducatedintotherightofself-governmentIcouldadmireit，too；butstandingforoneman\'spleasure，Isayno！”Inthequartersofoneofthedevotees，attheoldmonasteryoftheCertosa，atFlorence，therelies，onasmalltable，anopenbook，inwhichvisitorsregister。OntheoccasionofMissAnthony\'svisitthepenandinkprovedsounpromisingthatherentirepartydeclinedthisopportunitytomakethemselvesfamous，butshemadetherebelliouspeninscribe，“Perfectequalityforwomen，civil，political，religious。SusanB。Anthony，U。S。

A。“Friends，whovisitedthemonasterynextday，reportedthatlineshadbeendrawnthroughthishereticalsentiment。

DuringhervisitatthehomeofMr。andMrs。Sargent，inBerlin，MissAnthonyquiteinnocentlypostedherlettersintheofficialenvelopesofourSuffrageAssociation，whoboretheusualmottoes，“Nojustgovernmentcanbeformedwithouttheconsentofthegoverned，“etc。Inafewdaysanofficialbroughtbackalargepackage，saying，“Suchsentimentsarenotallowedtopassthroughthepostoffice。“Probablynothingsavedherfromarrestasasocialist，underthetyrannicalpoliceregulations，butthefactthatshewastheguestoftheMinisterPlenipotentiaryoftheUnitedStates。

MysonTheodorewroteofMissAnthony\'svisitinParis：“Ihadneverbeforeseenherintheroleoftourist。Sheseemedinterestedonlyinhistoricalmonuments，andinthemenandquestionsofthehour。ThegalleriesoftheLouvrehadlittleattractionforher，butshegazedwithdeeppleasureatNapoleon\'stomb，Nô；treDame，andtheruinsoftheTuileries。ShewasalwaysreadytolistentodiscussionsonthepoliticalproblemsbeforetheFrenchpeople，theprospectsoftheRepublic，thedivorceagitation，andtheeducationofwomen。\'IhadratherseeJulesFerrythanallthepicturesoftheLouvre，Luxembourg，andSalon，\'sheremarkedattable。

AdayortwolatershesawFerryatLaboulaye\'sfuneral。ThethreethingswhichmadethedeepestimpressiononMissAnthony，duringherstayatParis，wereprobablytheintermentofLaboulaye(thefriendoftheUnitedStatesandofthewomanmovement)；thetouchinganniversarydemonstrationoftheCommunists，attheCemeteryofPè；reLaChaise，ontheveryspotwherethelastdefendersoftheCommuneof1871wereruthlesslyshotandburiedinacommongrave；andawoman\'srightsmeeting，heldinalittlehallintheRuedeRivoli，atwhichthebrave，farseeingMlle。HubertineAuchetwastheleadingspirit。“

WhileontheContinentMissAnthonyexperiencedtheunfortunatesensationofbeingdeafanddumb；tospeakandnottobeunderstood，tohearandnottocomprehend，weretoherbitterrealities。WecanimaginetowhatdesperationshewasbroughtwhenherQuakerprudishnesscouldhailanemphaticoathinEnglishfromaFrenchofficialwiththeexclamation，“Well，itsoundsgoodtohearsomeoneevenswearinoldAngloSaxon！”Aftertwomonthsofenforcedsilence，shewasbuoyantinreachingtheBritishIslandsoncemore，whereshecouldenjoypublicspeakingandgeneralconversation。Hereshewastherecipientofmanygeneroussocialattentions，and，onMay25，alargepublicmeetingofrepresentativepeople，presidedoverbyJacobBright，wascalled，inourhonor，bytheNationalAssociationofGreatBritain。ShespokeontheeducationalandpoliticalstatusofwomeninAmerica，Ioftheirreligiousandsocialposition。

Beforeclosingmyfriend\'sbiographyIshalltracetwogoldenthreadsinthiscloselywovenlifeofincident。OneofthegreatestservicesrenderedbyMissAnthonytothesuffragecausewasincastingavoteinthePresidentialelectionof1872，inordertotesttherightsofwomenundertheFourteenthAmendment。Forthisoffensethebravewomanwasarrested，onThanksgivingDay，thenationalholidayhandeddowntousbyPilgrimFathersescapedfromEngland\'spersecutions。Sheaskedforawritofhabeascorpus。Thewritbeingflatlyrefused，inJanuary，1873，hercounselgavebonds。Thedaringdefendantfinding，whentoolate，thatthisnotonlykeptheroutofjail，buthercaseoutoftheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates，regretfullydeterminedtofighton，andgaintheuttermostbyadecisionintheUnitedStatesCircuitCourt。HertrialwassetdownfortheRochesterterminMay。Quicklyshecanvassedthewholecounty，layingbeforeeveryprobablejurorthestrengthofhercase。Whenthetimeforthetrialarrived，theDistrictAttorney，fearingtheresult，ifthedecisionwerelefttoajurydrawnfromMissAnthony\'senlightenedcounty，transferredthetrialtotheOntarioCountyterm，inJune，1873。

Itwasnownecessarytoinstructthecitizensofanothercounty。InthistaskMissAnthonyreceivedvaluableassistancefromMatildaJoslynGage；and，tomeetallthisnewexpense，financialaidwasgenerouslygiven，unsolicited，byThomasWentworthHigginson，GerritSmith，andothersympathizers。

Butinvainwaseveryeffort；invaintheappealofMissAnthonytoherjurors；invainthemoralinfluenceoftheleadingrepresentativesofthebarofCentralNewYorkfillingthecourtroom，forJudgeHunt，withoutprecedenttosustainhim，declaringitacaseoflawandnotoffact，refusedtogivethecasetothejury，reservingtohimselffinaldecision。WasitnotanhistoricscenewhichwasenactedthereinthatlittlecourthouseinCanandaigua？AlltheinconsistencieswereembodiedinthatJudge，punctiliousinmanner，scrupulousinattire，conscientiousintrivialities，andobtuseongreatprinciples，fitlydescribedbyCharlesO\'Conor？AveryladylikeJudge。“Beholdhimsittingthere，balancingallthenicetiesoflawandequityinhisOldWorldscales，andatlastsaying，“Theprisonerwillstandup。“Whereupontheaccusedarose。“Thesentenceofthecourtisthatyoupayafineofonehundreddollarsandthecostsoftheprosecution。“

Thentheunrulydefendantanswers：“MayitpleaseyourHonor，Ishallneverpayadollarofyourunjustpenalty，“andmoretothesameeffect，allofwhichshehaslivedupto。The“ladylike“judgehadgainedsomeinsightintothedeterminationoftheprisoner；so，notwishingtoincarceratehertoalleternity，headdedgently：“Madam，thecourtwillnotorderyoucommitteduntilthefineispaid。“

Itwasonthe17thofJunethattheverdictwasgiven。Onthatveryday，alittlelessthanacenturybefore，thebravemilitiawasdrivenbackatBunkerHill朾ack，back，almostwipedout；yettruthwasintheirranks，andjustice，too。Buthowendedthatrebellionofweakcolonists？

ThecauseofAmericanwomanhood，embodiedforthemomentinthelibertyofasingleindividual，receivedarebuffonJune17，1873；but，justassurelyasourRevolutionaryheroeswereintheendvictorious，sowilltheinalienablerightsofourheroinesofthenineteenthcenturyreceivefinalvindication。

Inhisspeechof1880，beforethePhiBetaKappaSocietyatHarvard，WendellPhillipssaid杦hatasaruleistrue杢hat“areformer，tobeconscientious，mustbefreefrombread-winning。“IwillopenMissAnthony\'saccountsandshowthatthisreformer，being，perhaps，theexceptionwhichprovestherule，hasbeenconsistentlyandconscientiouslyindebt。Turningoverheryear-booksthepagesgiveafairrecordupto1863。Herebeganthefirstherculeanlabor。TheWoman\'sLoyalLeague，sadlyinneedoffunds，wasnotanincorporatedassociation，soitssecretaryassumedthedebts。Accountsherebecamequitelamentable，thedeficitreachingfivethousanddollars。

Itmustbepaid，and，infact，willbepaid。Anxious，wearyhourswerespentincrowdingtheCooperInstitute，fromweektoweek，withpayingaudiences，tolistentosuchmenasPhillips，Curtis，andDouglass，whocontributedtheirservices，andliftedthesecretaryoutofdebt。Atlast，aftermanydifficulties，hercash-bookof1863washonorablypigeon-holed。