第13章

Myreaders，Ihavesomewhatelsetodo，Thanwithvainstoriesthustotroubleyou；

WhathereIsaysomemendoknowsowellTheycanwithtearsandjoythestorytell……

ThenlendthineeartowhatIdorelate，TouchingthetownofMansoulandherstate:

Formypart，I(myself)wasinthetown，Bothwhen’twassetupandwhenpullingdown。

Letnomanthencountmeafable-maker，NormakemynameorcreditapartakerOftheirderision:whatishereinviewOfmineownknowledge，Idaresayistrue。

ThecharactersintheHolyWararenotasarulenearlysoclear-

cutorsofullofdramaticlifeandmovementastheirfellowsareinthePilgrim’sProgress，andBunyanseemstohavefeltthattobethecase。Heshowsallanauthor’sfondnessforthechildrenofhisimaginationinthePilgrim’sProgress。Hereturnstoandhelingersontheirdoingsandtheirsayingsandtheirverynameswithallafoolishfather’sfonddelight。While，ontheotherhand，whenwelooktoseehiminhisconfidentialaddressestohisreadersreturninguponsomeofthemilitaryandmunicipalcharactersintheHolyWar，toourdisappointmenthedoesnotsomuchasnameasingleoneofthem，thoughhedwellswithallanauthor’sself-delectationontheoutstandingscenes，situations，andepisodesofhisremarkablebook。

What，then，aresomeofthemoreoutstandingscenes，situations，andepisodes，aswellasmilitaryandmunicipalcharacters，inthebooknowbeforeus？Andwhatarewetopromiseourselves，andtoexpect，fromthestudyandtheexpositionoftheHolyWarintheselectures？Well，tobeginwith，weshalldoourbesttoenterwithmind，andheart，andconscience，andimaginationintoBunyan’sgreatconceptionofthehumansoulasacity，afairandadelicatecityandcorporation，withitssituation，surroundings，privilegesandfortunes。Weshallthenenterunderhisguidanceintothefamousandstatelypalaceofthismetropolitancity；apalacewhichforstrengthmightbecalledacastle，forpleasantnessaparadise，andforlargenessaplacesocopiousastocontainalltheworld。

ThewallsandthegatesofthecitywillthenoccupyandinstructusforseveralSabbathevenings，afterwhichweshallenterontherecordofthewarsandbattlesthatrolledtimeaftertimeroundthosecitywalls，andsurgedupthroughitscapturedgatestilltheyquiteoverwhelmedtheverypalaceofthekingitself。Thenweshallspend，Godwilling，oneSabbatheveningwithLoth-to-stoop，andanotherwitholdIll-pause，thedevil’sorator，andanotherwithCaptainAnything，andanotherwithLordWillbewill，andanotherwiththatnotoriousvillainClip-promise，bywhosedoingssomuchoftheking’scoinhadbeenabused，andanotherwiththatsoangryandsoill-conditionedchurloldMr。Prejudice，withhissixtydeafmenunderhim。DearMr。Wet-eyes，withhisropeuponhishead，willhaveafitcongregationonewinternight，andCaptainSelf-denialanother。WeshallhaveanotherpainfulbutprofitableeveningbeforeacommunionseasonwithMr。Prywell，andsoweshalleatofthatbreadanddrinkofthatcup。Emmanuel’sliverywilloccupyusoneevening，Mansoul’sMagnaChartaanother，andherannualFeast-dayanother。HerEstablishedChurchandherbeneficedclergywilltakeuponeevening，someSkulkersinMansoulanother，thedevil’slastprankanother，andthen，towindupwith，Emmanuel’slastspeechandchargetoMansoulfromhischariot-steptillHecomesagaintoaccomplishherrapture。Allthatweshallseeandtakepartin；unless，indeed，ourCaptaincomesinangerbeforethetime，andspearsustotheearthwhenHefindsusasleepatourpostorintheactofsinatit，whichmayHisaboundingmercyforbid！

Andnowtakethesethreeforewarningsandprecautions。

1。First:-AllwhocomehereonthesecomingSabbatheveningswillnotunderstandtheHolyWarallatonce，andmanywillnotunderstanditatall。Andlittleblametothem，andnowonder。

For，fullytounderstandthisdeepandintricatebookdemandsfarmoremind，farmoreexperience，andfarmorespecialisedknowledgethanthemassofmen，asmenare，canpossiblybringtoit。Thissoexactingbookdemandsofus，tobeginwith，somelittleacquaintancewithmilitaryengineeringandarchitecture；withthetheoryof，andifpossiblewithsomepracticein，attackanddefenceinsiegesandstorms，wintercampaignsandlongdrawn-outwars。Andthen，impossibleasitsoundsandis，alongwithallthatwewouldneedtohaveareallyprofound，practical，andatfirst-handacquaintancewiththeanatomyofthehumansubject，andespeciallywithcardiacanatomy，aswellaswithalltheconditions，diseases，regimenanddisciplineofthecorruptheartofman。Andthenitisenoughtoterrifyanyonetoopenthisbookortoenterthischurchwhenheistoldthatifhecomesherehemustbereadyandwillingtohavethewholeofthisterribleandexactingbookfulfilledandexperiencedinhimself，inhisownbodyandinhisownsoul。

2。And，then，youwillnotallliketheHolyWar。Themassofmencouldnotbeexpectedtolikeanysuchbook。Howcouldthevainandblindcitizenofavainandblindcityliketobewakenedup，asPariswaswakenedupwithinourownremembrance，tofindallhergatesinthehandsofaniron-heartedenemy？Andhowcouldhersonsliketobereminded，astheysitintheirwinegardens，thattheyaretherebyfastpreparingtheircityforthatthreateneddaywhensheistobehunguponherownwallsandbledtothewhite？

Whowouldnothateandrevilethebookorthepreacherwhoprophesiedsuchroughthingsasthat？Whocouldlovetheauthororthepreacherwhotoldhimtohisfacethathiseyesandhisearsandallthepassestohisheartwerealreadyinthehandsofacruel，ruthless，andmasterfulenemy？NowonderthatyouneverreadtheHolyWar。Nowonderthatthebulkofmenhaveneveronceopenedit。TheDownfallisnotafavouritebookinthenight-

gardensofParis。

3。Andthen，few，veryfew，itistobefeared，willbeanybetteroftheHolyWar。For，tobeanybetterofsuchaterriblebookasthisis，wemustatallcostslayit，andlayitall，andlayitallatonce，toheart。Wemustsubmitourselvestoseeourselvescontinuallyinitsblazingglass。Wemuststooptobetoldthatitisall，inallitsterrorsandinallitshorrors，literallytrueofourselves。Wemustdeliberatelyandresolutelysetopeneverygatethatopensinonourheart——Ear-gateandEye-gateandallthegatesofsenseandintellect，dayandnight，toJesusChristtoenterin；andwemustshutandboltandbareverysuchgateinthedevil’sveryface，andinthefaceofallhisscoutsandorators，dayandnightalso。Butwhothatthinks，andthatknowsbyexperiencewhatallthatmeans，willfeelhimselfsufficientforallthat？Noman:nosinfulman。But，amongmanyothernobleandblessedthings，theHolyWarwillshowusthatoursufficiencyinthisimpossibilityalsoisallofGod。Who，then，willenlist？

Whowillriskallandenlist？WhowillmatriculateinthemilitaryschoolofMansoul？Whowillsubmithimselftoalltheseverityofitsdivinediscipline？Whowillbemadewillingtothrowopenandtokeepopenhiswholesoul，withallthegatesanddoorsthereof，toallthesieges，assaults，capitulations，submissions，occupations，andsuchlikeofthewarofgospelholiness？Andwhowillenlistunderthatbannernow？

’Setdownmyname，sir，’saidamanofaverystoutcountenancetohimwhohadtheinkhornattheoutergate。Atwhichthosewhowalkeduponthetopofthepalacebrokeoutinaverypleasantvoice，’Comein，comein；

Eternalglorythoushaltwin。’

Wehavenolonger，afterwhatwehavecomethrough，anysuchstoutnessinourcountenance，yetwillwesayto-nightwithhimwhohadit，Setdownmynamealso，sir！

CHAPTERII——THECITYOFMANSOULANDITSCINQUEPORTS

’——abesiegedcity。’——Isaiah。

Ourgreatesthistorianshavebeenwonttoleavetheirbooksbehindthemandtomakelongjourneysinordertoseewiththeirowneyestheruinedsitesofancientcitiesandthefamousfieldswherethegreatbattlesoftheworldwerelostandwon。WeallrememberhowMacaulaymadealongwinterjourneytoseethePassofKilliecrankiebeforehesatdowntowriteuponit；andCarlyle’smagnificentbattle-piecesarenotallimagination；eventhatwonderfulwriterhadtoseeFrederick’sbattlefieldswithhisowneyesbeforehecouldtrusthimselftodescribethem。AndhetellsushimselfhowCromwell’ssplendidgeneralshipallcameupbeforehimashelookeddownonthetownofDunbarandoutupontheever-

memorablecountryroundaboutit。JohnBunyanwasnotagreathistorian；hewasonlyacommonsoldierinthegreatCivilWaroftheseventeenthcentury；butwhatwouldwenotgiveforadescriptionfromhisvividpenofthefamousfieldsandthegreatsiegesinwhichhetookpart？WhatafindJohnBunyan’s’Journals’

and’LettersHomefromtheSeatofWar’wouldbetoourhistoriansandtotheirreaders！But，alas！suchjournalsandlettersdonotexist。Bunyan’scompletesilenceinallhisbooksaboutthebattlesandthesiegeshetookhispartinisveryremarkable，andhissilenceisfullofsignificance。ThePuritansoldierkeepsallhismilitaryexperiencestoworkthemallupintohisHolyWar，theoneandonlywarthateverkindledallhispassionsandfilledhiseverywakingthought。ButsinceJohnBunyanwasamanofgenius，equalinhisownwaytoCromwellandMiltonthemselves，ifIwereasoldierIwouldkeepeverbeforemethegreatbookinwhichBunyan’sexperiencesandobservationsandreflectionsasasoldierareallworkedup。IwouldsetthatclassicalbookonthesameshelfwithCaesar’sCommentariesandNapier’sPeninsula，andCarlyle’sgloriousbattle-pieces。EvenCaesarhasbeenaccusedoftoogreatdrynessandcoldnessinhisCommentaries，butthereisneitherdrynessnorcoldnessinJohnBunyan’sHolyWar。ToreadBunyankindlesourcoldcivilianbloodlikethewavingofabannerandlikethesoundofatrumpet。

ThesituationofthecityofMansouloccupiesoneofthemostbeautifulpagesofthiswholebook。TheopeningoftheHolyWar，simplyasapieceofEnglish，isworthytostandbesidethebestpageofthePilgrim’sProgressitself，andwhatmorecanIsaythanthat？Now，thesituationofacityisamatteroftheveryfirstimportance。Indeed，theinsightandtheforesightofthegreatstatesmenandthegreatsoldiersofpastagesareseeninnothingmorethaninthesitestheychosefortheircitadelsandfortheirdefencedcities。Well，then，astothesituationofMansoul，’itlieth，’saysourmilitaryauthor，’justbetweenthetwoworlds。’

Thatistosay:verymuchasGermanyinourdayliesbetweenFranceandRussia，andverymuchasPalestineinherdaylaybetweenEgyptandAssyria，sodoesMansoulliebetweentwoimmenseempiresalso。And，surely，Idonotneedtoexplaintoanymanherewhohasaman’ssoulinhisbosomthatthetwoarmedempiresthatbesiegehissoulareHeavenaboveandHellbeneath，andthatbothHeavenandHellwouldgivetheirbestbloodandtheirbesttreasuretosubdueandtopossesshissoul。WedonotvalueoursoulsatallasHeavenandHellvaluethem。TherearesavagetribesinAfricaandinAsiawhoinhabitterritoriesthataresleeplesslyenviedbytheexpandingandextendingnationsofEurope。AncientandmightyempiresinEuroperaisearmies，andbuildnavies，andlevytaxes，andspillthebloodoftheirbravestsonslikewaterinordertopossesstheharbours，andtherivers，andthemountains，andthewoodsamidwhichtheirbesottedownersroaminutterignoranceofalltheplotsandpreparationsoftheWesternworld。AndHeavenandHellarenotunlikethoseancientandover-peoplednationsofEuropewhoseteemingmillionsmusthaveanoutlettootherlands。Theirlifeandtheiractivityaretoolargeandtoorichfortheiroriginalterritories，andthustheyarecompelledtoseekoutcoloniesanddependencies，sothattheirsurpluspopulationmayhaveahome。And，inlikemanner，Heavenistoofullofloveandofblessednesstohaveallthatforevershutupwithinitself，andHellistoofullofenvyandill-will，andthustherecontinuallycomeaboutthosecontentionsandcollisionsofwhichtheHolyWarisfull。And，besides，itiswithMansoulandherneighbourstatesofHeavenandHelljustasitiswithsomeofourgreatEuropeanempiresinthisalso。Thereisnoneutralzone，nobufferstate，nosilverstreakbetweenMansoulandherimmediateandmilitaryneighbours。Andthusitisthatherstatesmen，andhersoldiers，andevenherverycommon-soldiersentriesmustbeforeveronthewatch；theymustneversaypeace，peace；theymustneverleaveforonemomenttheirappointedpost。

Andthen，asforthewallofthecity，hearourexcellenthistorian’sownwordsaboutthat。’Thewallofthetownwaswellbuilt，’sohesays。’Yea，sofastandfirmwasitknitandcompacttogetherthat，haditnotbeenforthetownsmenthemselves，itcouldnothavebeenshakenorbrokendownforever。ForherelaytheexcellentwisdomofHimthatbuildedMansoul，thatthewallscouldneverbebrokendownnorhurtbythemostmightyadversepotentateunlessthetownsmengavetheirconsentthereto。’Now，whatwouldthemilitaryengineersofChathamandParisandBerlin，whoarenowattheirwits’end，notgiveforasecretlikethat！A

wallimpregnableandinsurmountableandnottobesappedorminedfromtheoutside:awallthatcouldonlysufferhurtfromtheinside！Andthenthatwonderfulwallwaspiercedfromwithinwithfivemagnificentlyanswerablegates。Thatistosay，thegatescouldneitherbeburstinnoranywayforcedfromwithout。’ThisfamoustownofMansoulhadfivegates，inatwhichtocome，outofwhichtogo；andtheseweremadelikewiseanswerabletothewalls；

towit，impregnable，andsuchascouldneverbeopenedorforcedbutbythewillandleaveofthosewithin。Thenamesofthegateswerethese:Ear-gate，Eye-gate，Mouth-gate；inshort，’thefivesenses，’aswesay。

InthesouthofEngland，inthetimeofEdwardtheConfessorandafterthebattleofHastings，therewerefivecitieswhichhadspecialimmunitiesandpeculiarprivilegesbestoweduponthem，inrecognitionofthespecialdangerstowhichtheywereexposedandtheeminentservicestheyperformedasfacingthehostileshoresofFrance。Owingtotheirprivilegesandtheirposition，the’CinquePorts’cametobecitiesofgreatstrength，till，astimewenton，theybecameapositiveweaknessratherthanastrengthtothelandthatlaybehindthem。Privilegebredpride，andintheirpridetheCinquePortsproclaimedwarsandformedalliancesontheirownaccount:piraciesbyseaandrobberiesbylandwerehatchedwithintheirwalls；andittookcenturiestoreducethosepamperedandarrogantportstothesafeandpeacefulrankofordinaryEnglishcities。TheRevolutionof1688didsomething，andtheReformBillof1832didmoretomakeDoverandherinsolentsistersliketheotherfreeandequalcitiesofEngland；buttothisdaythereareremnantsofpublicshowsandpageantriesleftinthoseoldtownssufficienttowitnesstotheformerprivileges，power，andprideofthefamousCinquePorts。Now，Mansoul，inlikemanner，hashercinqueports。AndthewholeoftheHolyWarisonelonganddetailedhistoryofhowthefivesensesareclothedwithsuchpowerastheypossess；howtheyabuseandmisusetheirpower；whatdisloyaltyanddespitetheyshowtotheirsovereign；whatconspiraciesanddepredationstheyenterinto；whatuntoldmiseriestheyletinuponthemselvesanduponthelandthatliesbehindthem；whatyearsandyearsofsiege，legislation，andruleittakestoreduceourbodilysenses，thoseproudandlicentiousgates，totheirtrueandproperallegiance，andtomaketheirpossessorsapeopleloyalandcontented，law-abidingandhappy。

TheApostlehasaterriblepassagetotheCorinthians，inwhichhetreatsofthesoulandthesenseswithtremendousandoverwhelmingpower。’Yourbodiesandyourbodilymembers，’heargues，withcrushingindignation，’arenotyourowntodowiththemasyoulike。YourbodiesandyoursoulsarebothChrist’s。Hehasboughtyourbodyandyoursoulatanincalculablecost。What！knowyenotthatyourbodyisnothinglessthanthetempleoftheHolyGhostwhichisinyou，andyearenotanymoreyourown？knowyenotthatyourbodiesaretheverymembersofChrist？’AndthenhesaysathingsoterriblethatItrembletotranscribeit。Foramoreterriblethingwasneverwritten。’ShallIthen，’filledwithshamehedemands，’takethemembersofChristandmakethemthemembersofanharlot？’OGod，havemercyonme！IknewallthetimethatIwasabusingandpollutingmyself，butIdidnotknow，I

didnotthink，IwasnevertoldthatIwasabusingandpollutingThySon，JesusChrist。Oh，tooawfulthought。Andyet，stupidsinnerthatIam，IhadoftenreadthatifanymandefilethetempleofGodandthemembersofChrist，himshallGoddestroy。O

God，destroymenotasIseenowthatIdeserve。SparemethatI

maycleanseandsanctifymyselfandthemembersofChristinme，whichIhavesooftenembrutedanddefiled。AssistmetosummonupmyimaginationhenceforthtomysanctificationasThineapostlehasheretaughtmetheway。Letmehenceforthlookatmywholebodyinallitssensesandinallitsmembers，themostopenandthemostsecret，asinrealitynomoremyown。LetmehenceforthlookatmyselfwithPaul’sdeepandholyeyes。LetmehenceforthseatChrist，myRedeemerandmyKing，intheverythroneofmyheart，andthenkeepeverygateofmybodyandeveryavenueofmymindasallnotanymoremineownbutHis。Letmeopenmyeye，andmyear，andmymouth，asifinallthatIwereopeningChrist’seyeandChrist’searandChrist’smouth；andletmethrustinnothingonHimasHedwellswithinmethatwillmakeHimashamedorangry，orthatwilldefileandpolluteHim。Thatthought，OGod，Ifeelthatitwilloftenarrestmeintimetocomeintheveryactofsin。ItwillmakemestartbackbeforeImakeChristcruelorfalse，awine-bibber，aglutton，orunclean。IfeelatthismomentasifI

shallyetcometoaskHimateverymeal，andateveryotheropportunityandtemptationofeverykind，whatHewouldhaveandwhatHewoulddobeforeIgoontotakeortodoanythingmyself。

Whatacheck，whatarestraint，whatanawfulscrupulositythatwillhenceforthworkinme！But，throughthat，whatapure，blameless，noble，holyandheavenlylifeIshallthenlead！Whatbodilypains，diseases，prematuredecays；whatmentalremorses，whatshamesandscandals，whatself-loathingsandwhatself-

disgusts，whatcupsbitterertodrinkthanblood，Ishallthenescape！Yes，OPaul，IshallhenceforthholdwiththeethatmybodyisthetempleofChrist，andthatIamnotmyown，butthatI

amboughtwithatransportingprice，andcan，therefore，donothinglessthanglorifyGodinmybodyandinmyspiritwhichareGod’s。

’Thisplace，’saysthePaulineauthoroftheHolyWar——’ThisplacetheKingintendedbutforHimselfalone，andnotforanotherwithHim。’

But，mybrethren，laythiswell，andasneverbefore，toheart——

this，namely，thatwhenyouthusbegintokeepanygateforChrist，yourKingandCaptainandBetter-self，——Ear-gate，orEye-gate，orMouth-gate，oranyothergate——youwillhavetakenupataskthatshallhavenoendwithyouinthislife。Tillyoubeginindeadearnesttowatchyourheart，andallthedoorsofyourheart，asifyouwerewatchingChrist’sheartforHimandallthedoorsofHisheart，youwillhavenoideaofthearduousnessandtheendurance，thesleeplessnessandtheself-denial，oftheundertaking。

’Mansoul！Herwarsseemedendlessinhereyes；

She’slostbyone，becomesanother’sprize。

Mansoul！Hermightywars，theydidportendHerwealorwoeandthatworldwithoutend。

Whereforeshemustbemoreconcern’dthantheyWhosefearsbeginandendtheself-sameday。’

’Weallthoughtonebattlewoulddecideit，’saysRichardBaxter，writingabouttheCivilWar。’Butwewereallverymuchmistaken，’

sardonicallyaddsCarlyle。Yes；andyouwillbeverymuchmistakentooifyouenteronthewarwithsininyoursoul，inyoursensesandinyourmembers，withpowderandshotforoneengagementonly。

Whenyouenlisthere，laywelltoheartthatitisforlife。Thereisnodischargeinthiswar。Therearenoornamentaloldpensionershere。Itisawarfareforeternallife，andnothingwillenditbuttheendofyourevildaysonearth。

CHAPTERIII——EAR-GATE

’Takeheedwhatyehear。’——OurLordinMark。

’Takeheedhowyouhear。’——OurLordinLuke。

ThisfamoustownofMansoulhadfivegates，inatwhichtocome，outatwhichtogo，andtheseweremadelikewiseanswerabletothewalls——towit，impregnable，andsuchascouldneverbeopenednorforcedbutbythewillandleaveofthosewithin。’Thenamesofthegateswerethese，Ear-gate，Eye-gate，’andsoon。Dr。GeorgeWilson，whowasonceProfessorofTechnologyinourUniversity，tookthissuggestivepassageoutoftheHolyWarandmadeitthetextofhisfamouslectureinthePhilosophicalInstitution，andthenheprintedthepassageonthefly-leafofhisdelightfulbookTheFiveGatewaysofKnowledge。Thatisabooktoreadsometime，butthiseveningistobespentwiththemaster。

For，afterall，noonecanwriteatoncesobeautifully，soquaintly，sosuggestively，andsoevangelicallyasJohnBunyan。

’TheLordWillbewill，’saysJohnBunyan，’tookspecialcarethatthegatesshouldbesecuredwithdoubleguards，doublebolts，anddoublelocksandbars；andthatEar-gateespeciallymightthebetterbelookedto，forthatwasthegateinatwhichtheKing’sforcessoughtmosttoenter。TheLordWillbewillthereforemadeoldMr。Prejudice，anangryandill-conditionedfellow，captainofthewardatthatgate，andputunderhispowersixtymen，calledDeafmen；menadvantageousforthatservice，forasmuchastheymatterednowordsofthecaptainnorofthesoldiers。AndfirsttheKing’sofficersmadetheirforcemoreformidableagainstEar-

gate:fortheyknewthatunlesstheycouldpenetratethatnogoodcouldbedoneuponthetown。Thisdone，theyputtherestoftheirmenintheirplaces；afterwhichtheygaveouttheword，whichwas，Yemustbebornagain！Andsothebattlebegan。Now，theyinthetownhadplanteduponthetoweroverEar-gatetwogreatguns，theonecalledHigh-mindandtheotherHeady。Untothesetwogunstheytrustedmuch；theywerecastinthecastlebyDiabolus’sironfounder，whosenamewasMr。Puff-up，andmischievouspiecestheywere。Theyinthecampalsodidstoutly，fortheysawthatunlesstheycouldopenEar-gateitwouldbeinvaintobatterthewall。’Andsoon，throughmanyallegorical，and，ifsometimessomewhatlaboured，yetalwayseloquent，pungent，andheart-exposingpages。

WiththeseforourtextletusnowtakearapidglanceatwhatsomeofthemoreBunyan-likepassagesintheprophetsandthepsalmssayabouttheear；howitiskeptandhowitislost；howitisusedandhowitisabused。

1。ThePsalmistusesaverystrikingexpressioninthe94thPsalmwhenheiscallingforjustice，andisteachingGod’sprovidenceovermen。’Hethatplantedtheear，’thePsalmistexclaims，’shallhenothear？’And，consideringhischurchandhisday，thatisnotabadremarkofCardinalBellarmineonthatpsalm，——’thePsalmist’swordplanted，’saysthatablechurchman，’impliesdesign，inthattheearwasnotspontaneouslyevolvedbyanactofvitalforce，butwasindependentlycreatedbyGodforacertainobject，justasatree，notofindigenousgrowth，isofsetpurposeplantedinsomenewplacebythehandofman。’ThesamethingissaidinGenesis，youremember，abouttheGardenofEden，——theLordplanteditandputthemanandthewoman，whoseearshehadjustplantedalso，intothegardentodressitandkeepit。Howtheydressedthegardenandkeptit，andhowtheyheldthegateoftheirearagainsthimwhosquatteddownbeforeitwithhisinnuendoesandhislies，weallknowtoourasyetunrepaired，thoughnotalwaysirreparable，cost。

2。OnewouldalmostthinkthatthescornfulapostlehadtheGardenofEdeninhiseyewhenhespeakssobitterlytoTimothyofaclassofpeoplewhoarecursedwith’itchingears。’Eve’searsitchedunappeasablyforthedevil’spromisedsecret；andwehaveallinheritedourfirstmother’smiserablecuriosity。Howeager，howrestless，howimportunate，weallaretohearthatnewthingthatdoesnotatallconcernus；oronlyconcernsustoourlossandourshame。Andthemoreforbiddenthatsecretistous，andthemorefullofinwardeviltous——insanesinnersthatweare——themoredeterminedwearetogetatit。Letanyforbiddensecretbeinthekeepingofsomeonewithinearshotofusandwewillgivehimnoresttillhehassharedtheevilthingwithus。Letanyspeciallyevilpagebepublishedinanewspaper，andwewilltakegoodcarethatthatday’spaperisnotthrownintothewaste-basket；wewillhideitaway，likeadogwithastolenbone，tillweareabletodigitupandchewitdryinsecret。Thedevilhasnoneedtoblockadeorbesiegethegateofourearifhehasanyofhisgoodthingstoofferus。Thegatethatcanonlybeopenedfromwithinwillopenatonceofitselfifheoranyofhisnewsmongersbutsquatdownforamomentbeforeit。Shameonus，andonallofus，forouritchingears。

3。Isaiahspeaksofsomemeninhisdaywhoseearswere’heavy’

andwhoseheartswerefat，andthePsalmistspeaksofsomemeninhisdaywhoseearswere’stopped’upaltogether。AndthereisnotabetterthinginBunyanathisverybestthanthatsurlyoldchurlcalledPrejudice，soill-conditionedandsoalwaysontheedgeofanger。Bythedevil’splanofbattleoldPrejudicewasappointedtobewarderofEar-gate，andtoenablehimtokeepthatgateforhismasterhehadsixtydeafmenputunderhim，menmostadvantageousforthatpost，forasmuchasitmatterednottothemwhatEmmanuelandHisofficerssaid。Therecouldbenomannerofdoubtwhocomposedthatinimitablepassage。ThereisallthetruthandallthehumourandallthesatireinOldPrejudicethatourauthorhasaccustomedustoinhisbestpieces。ThecommonpeoplealwaysgetthebestliteraturealongwiththebestreligioninJohnBunyan。’Theyarelikethedeafadderthatstoppethherear，andwhichwillnothearkentothevoiceofcharmerscharmingneversowisely，’saysthePsalmist，speakingaboutsomebadmeninhisday。

Now，IwillnotstanduponDavid’snaturalhistoryhere，buthismoralandreligiousmeaningisevidentenough。Davidisnotconcernedaboutaddersandtheirears，heiswhollytakenupwithusandouradder-likeanimosityagainstthetruth。Againstwhatteacher，then；againstwhatpreacher；againstwhatwriter；againstwhatdoctrine，reproof，correction，hasyourchurlishprejudiceadder-likeshutyourear？Againstwhattruth，humanordivine，haveyouhithertostoppedupyourearlikethePsalmist’sserpent？

Toaskthatboldly，honestly，andinthesightofGod，atyourselfto-night，wouldendinmakingyouthelifelongfriendofsomepreacher，someteacher，somesoul-savingtruthyouhaveuptillto-

nightbeenprejudicedagainstwiththerootedprejudiceandthesullenobstinacyofsixtydeafmen。OGod，helpustolayasideallthisadder-likeantipathyatmenandthings，bothinpublicandinprivatelife。Helpustogiveallmenandallcausesafairfieldandnofavour，butthefieldandthefavourofanopenandanhonestmind，andasimpleandasincereheart。Hethathathears，lethimhear！

4。AsweworkourwaythroughthevariousdevelopmentsandvicissitudesoftheHolyWarweshallfindEar-gateinitandinourselvespassingthroughmanyunexpectedexperiences；nowheldbyonesideandnowbyanother。AndwefindthesamesuccessionofvicissitudessetforthinHolyScripture。Ifyoupayanyattentiontowhatyoureadandhear，andthenbegintoaskyourselvesfairinthefaceastoyourownprejudices，prepossessions，animosities，andantipathies，——youwillatoncebegintoreapyourrewardinhavingputintoyourpossessionwhattheScripturessooftencallan’inclined’ear。Thatistosay，anearnotonlyunstopped，notonlyunloaded，butactuallypreparedandpredisposedtoallmanneroftruthandgoodness。Aroundourcitytherearetheremains，thestillvisibletracks，ofroadsthatatonetimetookthecountrypeopleintoourcity，butwhicharenowstoppedupandmadewhollyimpassable。ThereisnolongeranyroadintoEdinburghthatway。

Thereareotherroadsstillopen，buttheyareveryroundabout，andatbestveryup-hill。Andthenthereareotherroadssosmooth，andlevel，andbroad，andwellkept，thattheyarefullofallkindsoftraffic；inthecentrecartsandcarriagescrowdthem，ontheonesidehorsesandtheirridersdelighttodisplaythemselves，andontheothersidepedestriansandperambulatorsenjoythesun。

Andthentherearestillotherroadswithsuchasweetandgentleinclineuponthemthatitisapositivepleasurebothtomanandbeasttosettheirfootuponthem。Andsoitiswiththemindsandtheheartsofthemenandthewomenwhocrowdtheseroads。Justasthevariousroadsare，soaretheearsandtheunderstandings，theaffectionsandtheinclinationsofthosewhowalkandrideanddriveuponthem。Someofthosemen’searsareimpassablystoppedupbyself-love，self-interest，party-spirit，anger，envy，andill-

will，——impenetrablystoppedupagainstallthemenandallthetruthsofearthandofheaventhatwouldinstruct，enlighten，convictorcorrectthem。Somemen’sminds，again，arenotsomuchshutupastheyarecrooked，andwarped，andnarrow，andfullofobstructionandopposition。Whereashereandthere，sometimesonhorsebackandsometimesonfoot；sometimesalearnedmanwalkingoutofthecitytotaketheair，andsometimesanunletteredcountrymancomingintothecitytomakehismarket，willhavehisearhospitablyopentoeverygoodmanhemeets，toeverygoodbookhereads，toeverygoodpaperhebuysatthestreetcorner，andtoeverygoodspeech，andreport，andletter，andarticlehereadsinit。Andhowhappythatmanis，howhappyhishouseisathome，andhowhappyhemakesallthosehebutsmilestoonhisafternoonwalk，andinallhiswalkalongtheroadsofthislife。NeverseeanIincline’onarailwayoronadrivingorawalkingroadwithoutsayingonitbeforeyouleaveit，’IwaitedpatientlyfortheLord，andHeinclinedHisearuntomeandheardmycry。

BecauseHehathinclinedHisearuntome，thereforewillIcalluponHimaslongasIlive。Inclinenotmyhearttoanyevilthing，topractisewickedworkswiththemthatworkiniquity。

InclinemyheartuntoThytestimonies，andnottocovetousness。I

haveinclinedminehearttoperformThystatutesalway，evenuntotheend。’

5。ShakespearespeaksinRichardtheSecondof’theopenearofyouth，’anditisabeautifultruthinabeautifulpassage。Youngmen，whoarestillyoungmen，keepyourearsopentoalltruthandtoalldutyandtoallgoodness，andshutyourearswithanadder’sdeterminationagainstallthatwhichruinedRichard——flatteringsounds，reportsoffashions，andlasciviousmetres。’Oursoulswouldonlybegainersbytheperfectionofourbodiesweretheywiselydealtwith，’saysProfessorWilsoninhisFiveGateways。

’Andforeveryhumanbeingweshouldaimatsecuring，sofarastheycanbeattained，aneyeaskeenandpiercingasthatoftheeagle；anearassensitivetothefaintestsoundasthatofthehare；anostrilasfar-scentingasthatofthewilddeer；atongueasdelicateasthatofthebutterfly；andatouchasacuteasthatofthespider。Nomaneverwassoendowed，andnomaneverwillbe；butallmencomeinfinitelyshortofwhattheyshouldachieveweretheytomaketheirsenseswhattheymightbemade。Theoldhaveoutlivedtheiropportunity，andthediseasedneverhadit；buttheyoung，whohavestillanundimmedeye，anundulledear，andasofthand；anunbluntednostril，andatonguewhichtasteswithrelishtheplainestfare——theyoungcansocultivatetheirsensesastomakethenarrowring，whichfortheoldandtheinfirmencirclesthingssensible，widenforthemintoanalmostlimitlesshorizon。’

Takeheedwhatyouhear，andtakeheedhowyouhear。

CHAPTERIV——EYE-GATE

’Mineeyeaffectethmineheart。’——Jeremiah。

’Think，inthefirstplace，’saystheeloquentauthoroftheFiveGatewaysofKnowledge，’howbeautifulthehumaneyeis。Theeyesofmanyoftheloweranimalsare，doubtless，verybeautiful。Youmustallhaveadmiredthebold，fierce，brighteyeoftheeagle；

thelarge，gentle，browneyeoftheox；thetreacherous，greeneyeofthecat，waxingandwaninglikethemoon；theperteyeofthesparrow；theslyeyeofthefox；thepeeringlittlebeadofblackenamelinthemouse’shead；thegem-likeeyethatredeemsthetoadfromugliness，andtheintelligent，affectionateexpressionwhichlooksoutofthehuman-likeeyeofthehorseanddog。Therearemanyotheranimalswhoseeyesarefullofbeauty，butthereisaglorythatexcellethintheeyeofaman。Werealisethisbestwhenwegazeintotheeyesofthosewelove。Itistheireyeswelookatwhenwearenearthem，anditistheireyeswerecallwhenwearefarawayfromthem。Thefaceisallbutablankwithouttheeye；theeyeseemstoconcentrateeveryfeatureinitself。Itistheeyethatsmiles，notthelips；itistheeyethatlistens，nottheear；itistheeyethatfrowns，notthebrow；itistheeyethatmourns，notthevoice。Theeyeseeswhatitbringsthepowertosee。Howtrueisthis！Thesailoronthelook-outcanseeashipwherethelandsmancanseenothing。TheEsquimauxcandistinguishawhitefoxamongthewhitesnow。Theastronomercanseeastarintheskywheretootherstheblueexpanseisunbroken。

Theshepherdcandistinguishthefaceofeverysinglesheepinhisflock，’soProfessorWilson。AndthenDr。Gouldtellsusinhismystico-evolutionary，Behmen-and-Darwinbook，TheMeaningandtheMethodofLife——abookwhichthosewillreadwhocanandought——

thattheeyeisthemostpsychical，themostspiritual，themostuseful，andthemostvaluedandcherishedofallthesenses；afterwhichheaddsthiswonderfulandheart-affectingscientificfact，thatindeathbystarvation，everyparticleoffatinthebodyisauto-digestedexceptthecream-cushionoftheeye-ball！Sotrueisitthattheeyeisthemistress，thequeen，andthemostprecious，toCreatorandcreaturealike，ofallthefivesenses。

Now，intheHolyWarJohnBunyansaysathingabouttheear，asdistinguishedfromtheeye，thatIcannotsubscribetoinmyownexperienceatanyrate。IndescribingtheterriblewarthatragedroundEar-gate，andfinallysweptupthroughthatgateandintothestreetsofthecity，hesaysthattheearistheshortestandthesurestroadtotheheart。IconfessIcannotthinkthattobetheactualcase。Iamcertainthatitisnotsoinmyowncase。Myeyeisverymuchnearermyheartthanmyearis。Myeyemuchsooneraffects，andmuchmorepowerfullyaffects，myheartthanmyeareverdoes。Notonlyismyeyebyverymuchtheshortestroadtomyheart，but，likeallothershortroads，itiscram-fullofallkindsoftrafficwhenmyearstandsaltogetherempty。Myeyeisconstantlycrowdedandchokedwithallkindsofcommerce；wholehordesofimmigrantsandinvaderstrampleoneanotherdownonthecongestedstreetthatleadsfrommyeyetomyheart。Speakingformyself，foroneassaultthatismadeonmyheartthroughmyearthereareathousandassaultssuccessfullymadethroughmyeye。

Indeed，weremyeyebutstoppedup；hadIbutobedienceandcourageandself-mortificationenoughtopluckbothmyeyesout，thatwouldbehalfthecleansingandhealingandholinessofmyevilheart；oratleast，thehalfofitscorruption，rebellion，andabominablewickednesswouldhenceforthbehiddenfromme。IthinkIcanseewhatledJohnBunyaninhisdayandinthisbooktomakethattoostrongstatementabouttheearasagainsttheeye；butitisnotlikehimtohaveletsuchanover-statementstandandcontinueinhiscorrectedandcarefullyfinishedwork。TheprophetJeremiah，I

feelsatisfied，wouldnothavesubscribedtowhatissaidintheHolyWarinextenuationoftheeye。Thatheart-brokenprophetdoesnotsaythatithasbeenhisearthathasmadehisheadwaters。Itishiseye，hesays，thathassoaffectedhisheart。TheProphetoftheCaptivityhadalltheHolyWarpotentiallyinhisimaginationwhenhepennedthatsosuggestivesentence。AndtheLatinpoetofexperience，thegrown-upman’sownpoet，sayssomewherethatthethingsthatenterbyhiseyeseizeandholdhisheartmuchmoreswiftlyandmuchmoresurelythanthosethingsthatbutenterbyhisear。Ishallcontinue，then，toholdbymytext，’Mineeyeaffectethmineheart。’

1。Turningthen，totheprophetsandproverb-makersofIsrael，andthentotheNewTestamentforthetrueteachingontheeye，Icome，inthefirstplace，onthatsopungentsayingofSolomonthat’theeyesofafoolareintheendsoftheearth。’Lookatthatbornfool，saysSolomon，whohashiseyesandhisheartcommittedtohimtokeep。Seehimhowhegapesandstaresaftereverythingthatdoesnotconcernhim，andletsthedoorofhisownheartstandopentoeveryenteringthief。Londonisacityofthreemillioninhabitants，andtheyaremostlyfools，Carlyleoncesaid。Andlethiminthiscitywhoseeyeskeepathomecastthefirststoneatthoseforeignfools。Iwillwagerontheirsidethatmanyofyouhereto-nightknowbetterwhatwentoninMashonalandlastweekthanwhatwentoninyourownkitchendownstairs，orinyourownnurseryorschoolroomupstairs。SomeofyouaretentimesmoretakenupwiththeprospectsofHerMajesty’sGovernmentthissession，andwiththeplotsofHerMajesty’sOpposition，thanyouarewiththeprospectsofthegoodandtheevil，andtheplotsofGodandthedevil，allthiswinterinyourownhearts。Youriseearly，andmakeafighttogetthefirstofthenewspaper；butwhentheministercomesinintheafternoonyoublushbecausethehousemaidhasmislaidtheBible。Didyoueverreadofthestargazerwhofellintoanopenwellatthestreetcorner？Likehim，youmaybeagreatastronomer，agreatpolitician，agreattheologian，agreatdefenderofthefaitheven，andyetmaybeastarkfooljustinkeepingthedoorsandthewindowsofyourownheart。’Youshallseeapoorsoul，’saysDr。Goodwin，’meaninabilitiesofwit，oraccomplishmentsoflearning，whoknowsnothowtheworldgoes，noruponwhatwheelsitsstatesturn，whoyetknowsmoreclearlyandexperimentallyhisownheartthanallthelearnedmenintheworldknowtheirs。Andthoughtheothermaybetterdiscoursephilosophicallyoftheactsofthesoul，yetthispoormanseesmoreintothecorruptionofitthantheyall。’Andinanotherexcellentplacehesays:’Manywhohaveleisureandpartstoreadmuch，insteadofballastingtheirheartswithdivinetruth，andbuildinguptheirsoulswithitspreciouswords，aremuchmoreversedinplay-books，jeeringpasquils，romances，andfeignedstaves，whicharebutapesandpeacocks’feathersinsteadofpearlsandpreciousstones。Foreignandfoolishdiscoursespleasetheireyesandtheirears；theyaremorechameleonsthanmen，fortheyliveontheeastwind。’

2。’Ifthineeyeoffendthee’——ourLordlaysdownthislawtoallthosewhowouldenterintolife——’pluckitoutandcastitfromthee；foritisbetterfortheetoenterintolifewithoneeye，ratherthan，havingtwoeyes，tobecastintohell-fire。’Doesyoureyeoffendyou，mybrethren？Doesyoureyecauseyoutostumbleandfall，asitisintheetymology？Therightuseoftheeyeistokeepyoufromstumblingandfalling；butsopervertedaretheeyeandtheheartofeverysinnerthatthecitywatchmanhasbecomeapartakerwiththieves，andourtrustedguideandguardianatraitorandaknave。Ifthineeye，therefore，offendsthee；ifitplacesastoneoratreeinthywayinadarknight；ifitdigsadeepditchrightacrossthywayhome；ifitinanywayleadstheeastray，orletsinupontheethineenemies——then，surely，thouwertbettertobewithoutthateyealtogether。Pluckitout，then；or，whatisstillhardertogoonallyourdaysdoing，plucktheevilthingoutofit。Shutupthatbookandputitaway。Throwthatpaperandthatpictureintothefire。Cutoffthatcompanion，evenifhewereanadoringlover。Refusethatentertainmentandthatamusement，thoughalltheworldwerecrowdinguptoit。Andsoon，andsoon，tillyouhavepluckedyoureyeascleanoftemptationsandsnaresasitispossibletobeinthislife。ForthislifeisfullofthatterriblebutblessedlawofourLord。ThelifeofallHispeople，thatis；andyouareoneofthem，areyounot？Youwillknowwhetherornoyouareoneofthemjustbythenumberofthebeautifulthings，andthesweetthings，andthethingstobedesired，thatyouhavepluckedoutofyoureyeatHisadviceanddemand。Truereligion，mybrethren，onsomesidesofit，andatsomestagesofit，isaterriblysevereandsorebusiness；andunlessitisprovingaterriblysevereandsorebusinesstoyou，lookout！lest，withyourtwohandsandyourtwofeetandyourtwoeyes，youbecast，withallthatyourhandsandfeetandeyeshavefeastedon，intotheeverlastingfires！Woeuntotheworldbecauseofoffences，butwoemuchmoretothatmemberandentrance-gateofthebodybywhichtheoffencecometh！Wherefore，ifthineeyeoffendthee-！

3。’Letthineeyeslookrighton，andletthineeyelidslookstraightbeforethee。’Now，ifyouwishbothtopreserveyoureyes，andtoescapetheeverlastingfiresatthesametime，attendtothistext。Forthisisalmostasgoodaspluckingoutyourtwoeyes；indeed，itisalmosttheverysamething。Solomonshallspeaktothemaninthishouseto-nightwhohasthemostinflammable，themostungovernable，andthemostdesperatelywickedheart。You，man，withthatheart，youknowthatyoucannotpassupthestreetwithoutyoureyebecomingaperfecthell-gateoflust，ofhate，ofill-will，ofresentmentandofrevenge。Youreyefallsonaman，onawoman，onahouse，onashop，onaschool，onachurch，onacarriage，onacart，onaninnocentchild’sperambulatoreven；and，devilletloosethatyouare，youreyefillsyourheartonthespotwithabsolutehell-fire。Yourpresenceandyourprogresspoisontheverystreetsofthecity。

Andthat，notastheshort-sightedandthevulgarwillreadSolomon’splain-spokenScripture，withthepoisonoflewdnessanduncleanness，butwiththestillmoremalignant，stealthy，anddeadlypoisonofsocial，professional，political，andecclesiasticalhatred，resentment，andill-will。Whoredomandwineopenlyslaytheirthousandsonallourstreets；butenvyandspite，dislikeandhatredtheirtenthousands。Thefactis，wewouldneverknowhowmalignantlywickedourheartsarebutforoureyes。

Butasuddenspark，asingleflashthroughtheeyefallingonthegunpowderthatfillsourhearts，thatletsusknowahundredtimeseverydaywhatatheartwearemadeof。’Ofaverity，OLord，Iammadeofsin，andthatmylifemakethmanifest，’praysBishopAndreweseveryday。Why，sir，nottogotothestreet，thedirectioninwhichyoureyesturninthishousethiseveningwillmakethishouseavery’den，’asourLordsaid——yes，averydentoyouoftemptationandtransgression。Myson，letthineeyeslookrighton。Ponderthepathofthyfeet，turnnottotherighthandnortotheleft——removethyfootfromallevil！

4。Thereisstillanothereyethatisalmostasgoodasaneyeoutaltogether，andthatisaJob’seye。Jobwasthefirstauthorofthateyeandallwewhohavethatexcellenteyetakeitofhim。’I

havemadeacovenantwithmineeyes，’saidthatextraordinaryman——

thatextraordinarilyable，honest，exposedandexercisedman。Now，youmustallknowwhatacovenantis。Acovenantisacompact，acontract，anagreement，anengagement。Inacovenanttwopartiescometotermswithoneanother。Thetwocovenantersstrikehands，andsolemnlyengagethemselvestooneanother:Iwilldothisforyouifyouwilldothatforme。Itisabargain，saystheother；

letushaveitsealedwithwaxandsignedwithpenandinkbeforetwowitnesses。As，forinstance，attheLord’sTable。Iswear，yousay，overtheBodyandtheBloodoftheSonofGod，Isweartomakeacovenantwithmineeyes。Iwillneverletthemreadagainthatidle，infidel，scoffing，uncleansheet。Iwillnotletthemlookonanyofmyformerimagesorimaginationsofforbiddenpleasures。Iswear，OThoutowhomthenightshinethastheday，thatIwillneveragainsay，Surelythedarknessshallcoverme！

SeeifIdonothenceforthbyThygracekeepmyfeetoffeveryslipperystreet。That，andmanyotherthingslikethat，wasthewaythatJobmadehissonoblecovenantwithhiseyesinhisdayandinhisland。AnditwasbecausehesomadeandsokepthiscovenantthatGodsoboastedoverhimandsaid，HastthouconsideredmyservantJob？Andthen，everycovenanthasitstwosides。TheothersideofJob’scovenant，ofwhichGodHimselfwasthesurety，youcanreadandthinkoverinyoursolitarylodgingsto-night。ReadJobxxxi。1，andthenJobxl。totheend，andthenbesureyoutakecovenantpaperandinktoGodbeforeyousleep。

AndletallfashionableyoungladieshearwhatMissRossettiexpectsforherself，andforallofhersexwithherwhoshallsubscribehercovenant。’True，’sheadmits，’allourlifelongweshallbeboundtorefrainoursoul，andkeepitlow；butwhatthen？

Forthebookswenowrefraintoreadweshallonedaybeendowedwithwisdomandknowledge。Forthemusicwewillnotlistentoweshalljoininthesongoftheredeemed。ForthepicturesfromwhichweturnweshallgazeunabashedontheBeatificVision。Forthecompanionshipweshunweshallbewelcomedintoangelicsocietyandthecommunionoftriumphantsaints。Fortheamusementsweavoidweshallkeepthesupremejubilee。Forallthepleasureswemissweshallabide，andforevermoreabide，intheraptureofheaven。’

5。AndthenthereisthePaulineeye。Aneye，however，thatJobwouldhavesharedwithPaulandwiththeCorinthianChurchhadthepatriarchbeenprivilegedtoliveinourNewTestamentday。EversincetheHolyGhostwithHisanointingoilfellonusatPentecost，saystheapostle，wehavehadaneyebymeansofwhichwelooknotatthethingsthatareseen，butatthethingsthatarenotseen。Now，hewhohasaneyelikethatisabovebothpluckingouthiseyesormakingacovenantwiththemeither。ItislikewhatPaulsaysaboutthelawalso。Thelawisnotmadeforarighteousman。Arighteousmanisabovethelawandindependentofit。Thelawdoesnotreachtohimandheisnothamperedwithit。

AndsoitiswiththemanwhohasgotPaul’ssplendideyesfortheunseen。Hedoesnotneedtotouchsomuchasoneofhiseye-lashestopluckthemout。Forhiseyesareblind，andhisearsaredeaf，andhiswholebodyisdeadtothethingsthataretemporal。Hiseyesareinwardlyablazewiththethingsthatareeternal。HewhoseeyeshavebeenopenedtothetruthandtheloveofhisBible，hewillgloatnomoreoveryourbooksandyourpapersfilledwithlies，andslander，andspite，andlewdness！Hewhohashisconversationinheavendoesnotneedtosetawatchonhislipslesthetakeupanillreportabouthisneighbour。Hewhowalkseverydayonthestreetsofgoldwillstepasswiftlyasmaybe，withgirtloins，andwithapreoccupiedeye，outoftheslipperyandunsavourystreetsofthisforsakenearth。Hewhohasfastworkingoutforhimanexceedingandeternalweightofglorywilleasilycountallhiscupsandallhiscrosses，andallthecrooksinhislotbutassomanylightafflictionsandbutforamoment。

MyLordUnderstandinghadhispalacebuiltwithhighperspectivetowersonit，andthesiteofitwasneartoEye-gate，fromthetopofwhichhislordshipeverydaylookednotatthethingswhicharetemporal，butatthethingswhichareeternal，anddownfromhispalacetowersheeverydaydescendedtoadministerhisheavenlyofficeinthecity。

Youreye，then，istheshortestwayintoyourheart。Watchitwell，therefore；suspectandchallengealloutsiderswhocomenearit。Keepthepassesthatleadtoyourheartwithalldiligence。

Letnothingcontraband，letnothingthatevenlookssuspicious，everenteryourhearts；for，ifitonceenters，andturnsouttobeevil，youwillnevergetitalloutagainaslongasyoulive。

’Deathiscomeupintoourwindows，’saysourprophetinanotherplace，’andisenteredintoourpalaces，tocutoffourchildreninourhousesandouryoungmeninourstreets。’Makeacovenant，then，withyoureyes。Takeanoathofyoureyesastowhichwaytheyarehenceforthtolook。For，letthemlookthisway，andyourheartisimmediatelyfulloflust，andhate，andenvy，andill-

will。Ontheotherhand，leadthemtolookthatwayandyourheartisasimmediatelyfulloftruthandbeauty，brotherlykindnessandcharity。Thelightofthebodyistheeye；if，therefore，thineeyebesingle，thywholebodyshallbefulloflight；butifthineeyebeevil，thywholebodyisfullofdarkness。If，therefore，thelightthatisintheebedarkness，howgreatisthatdarkness！

CHAPTERV——THEKING’SPALACE

’Thepalaceisnotforman，butfortheLordGod。’——David。

’Now，thereisinthisgallantcountryafairanddelicatetown，acorporation，calledMansoul:atownforitsbuildingsocurious，foritssituationsocommodious，foritsprivilegessoadvantageous，thatImaysayofit，thereisnotitsequalunderthewholeheaven。Also，therewasrearedupinthemidstofthistownamostfamousandstatelypalace:forstrength，itmightbecalledacastle；forpleasantness，aparadise；andforlargeness，aplacesocopiousastocontainalltheworld。ThisplacetheKingintendedforHimselfalone，andnotforanotherwithHim，sogreatwasHisdelightinit。’Thusfar，ourexcellentallegoricalauthor。Butthereareotherauthorsthattreatofthisgreatmatternowinhandbesidestheallegoricalauthors。YouwillheartellsometimesaboutaclassofauthorscalledtheMystics。Well，listenatthisstagetooneofthem，andoneofthebestofthem，onthispresentmatter——thehumanheart，thatis。’Ourheart，’hesays，’isourmannerofexistence，orthestateinwhichwefeelourselvestobe；itisaninwardlife，avitalsensibility，whichcontainsourmanneroffeelingwhatandhowweare；itisthestateofourdesiresandtendencies，ofinwardlyseeing，tasting，relishing，andfeelingthatwhichpasseswithinus；ourheartisthattousinwardlywithregardtoourselveswhichoursensesofseeing，hearing，feeling，andsuchlikearewithregardtothingsthatarewithoutorexternaltous。YourheartisthebestandgreatestgiftofGodtoyou。Itisthehighest，greatest，strongest，andnoblestpowerofyournature。Itformsyourwholelife，beitwhatitwill。Allevilandallgoodcomefromyourheart。Yourheartalonehasthekeyoflifeanddeathforyou。’I

wasjustabouttoaskyouatthispointwhichofourtwoauthors，ourallegoricalorourmysticalauthorupontheheart，youlikebest。Butthatwouldbeastupidandawaywardquestionsinceyouhavethembothbeforeyou，andbothattheirbest，topossessandtoenjoy。TogobackthentoJohnBunyan，andtohisallegoryofthehumanheart。

1。Tobeginwith，then，therewasrearedupinthemidstofthistownofMansoulamostfamousandstatelypalace。Andthatpalaceandthetownimmediatelyarounditwerethemirrorandthegloryofallthatitsfounderandmakerhadevermade。Hispalacewashisverytop-piece。Itwasthemetropolitanofthewholeworldroundaboutit；andithadpositivecommissionandpowertodemandserviceandsupportofallaround。Yes。Andallthatisliterally，evidently，andactuallytrueofthehumanheart。Forallotherearthlythingsarecreatedandupheld，areorderedandadministered，withaneyetothehumanheart。Thehumanheartisthefinalcause，asourscholarswouldsay，ofabsolutelyallotherearthlythings。Earth，air，water；lightandheat；allthesuccessivelyexistingworlds，mineral，vegetable，animal，spiritual；grass，herbs，corn，fruit-trees，cattleandsheep，andallotherlivingcreatures；allareupheldfortheuseandthesupportofman。And，then，allthatisinmanhimselfisinhimfortheendandtheuseofhisheart。Allhisbodilysenses；allhisbodilymembers；everyfearfullyandwonderfullymadepartofhisbodyandofhismind；alladministertohisheart。Sheisthesovereignandsitssupreme。Andsheisworthyandisfullyentitledsotosit。Forthereisnothingontheearthgreaterorbetterthantheheart，unlessitistheCreatorHimself，whoplannedandexecutedtheheartforHimselfandnotforanotherwithHim。’Thebodyexists，’saysaphilosophicalbiologistofourday，’tofurnishthecerebralcentreswithpreparedfood，justasthevegetableworld，viewedbiologically，existstofurnishtheanimalworldwithsimilarfood。Thehigheristhelastformed，themostdifficult，andthemostcomplex；butitisjustthisthatismostpreciousandsignificant——allofwhichshowsHisunrollingpurpose。

Itisthelastthataloneexplainsallthatwentbefore，anditisthecomingthatwillaloneexplainthepresent。Godbeforeall，throughall，foreseeingall，andstillpreparingall；Godinallisprofoundlyevident。’Yes，profoundlyevidenttoprofoundminds，andexperimentallyandsweetlyevidenttoreligiousminds，andtorenewedandlovingandholyhearts。

2。Forfameandforstateapalace，whileforstrengthitmightbecalledacastle。Insufficientlyancienttimestheking’spalacewasalwaysacastlealso。David’spalaceonMountZionwasasmuchamilitaryfortressasaroyalresidence；andKingPriam’spalacewastheprotectionbothofitselfandofthewholeofthecountryaround。Inthosewildtimesgreatmenbuilttheirhousesonhighplaces，andthentheweakandendangeredpeoplegatheredaroundthestrongholdsofthepowerful，asweseeinourowncity。Ourownsteepandtoweringrockinvitedtoitstopthecastle-builderofaremoteage，andthentheexposedcountryaroundbegantogatheritselftogetherundertheshelterofthebourg。AndthusitisthatthemilitaryengineeringoftheHolyWarmakesthatoldallegoricalbookmostexcellenttoread，notonlyforcommonmenlikeyouandme，whoarebentonthefortificationandthedefenceofourownhearts，butforthemilitaryhistoriansofthoseoldtimesalso，fortheexpertsofto-dayalso，andforallgoodstudentsoffortification。AndtheNewTestamentoftheDivinepeaceitself，aswellastheOldTestamentsofullofthewarsoftheLord——theybothsupportandserveasanencouragementandanexampletoourspiritualauthorintheelaborationofhismilitaryallegory。EverygoodsoldierofJesusChristhasbyheartthenobleparadoxofPaultothePhilippians——thatthepeaceofGodwhichpassethallunderstandingshallkeeptheirheartsandmindsthroughChristJesus。LetGod’speace，hesays，beyourmanofwar。LetHissurpassingpeacedoboththeworkofwarandtheworkofpeacealsoinyourheartsandinyourminds。Letthatpeacebothfortifywithwalls，andgarrisonwithsoldiers，andwatcheverygate，andholdeverystreetandlaneofyourheartsandofyourmindsallaroundyourhearts。AndallthroughthePrinceofPeace，theCaptainofallHolyWar，JesusChristHimself。Nowonder，then，thatinastrength——inakindandinadegreeofstrength——thatpassethallunderstanding，thisstatelypalaceoftheheartisalsoherecalledawell-garrisonedcastle。

3。Andthenforpleasantnessthehumanheartisaperfectparadise。ForpleasantnessthehumanheartislikethosefamousroyalparksofNinevehandBabylonthatsprangupinafterdaysasiftorecoverandrestoretheGardenofEdenthathadbeenlosttothoseeasternlands。ButevenAdam’sownparadisewasbutapooroutsideimitationinearthandwater，inflowersandfruits，ofthefarbetterparadiseGodhadplantedwithinhim。TakeanotherMysticatthispointuponparadise。’Mydearman，’exclaimsJacobBehmen，’theGardenofEdenisnotparadise，neitherdoesMosessayso。Paradiseisthedivinejoy，andthatwasintheirownheartssolongastheystoodintheloveofGod。Paradiseisthedivineandangelicaljoy，purelove，purejoy，puregladness，inwhichthereisnofear，nomisery，andnodeath。Whichparadiseneitherdeathnorthedevilcantouch。Andyetithasnostonewallaroundit；onlyagreatgulfwhichnomanorangelcancrossbutbythatnewbirthofwhichChristspoketoNicodemus。Reasonasks，Whereisparadisetobefound？Isitfaroffornear？Isitinthisworldorisitabovethestars？Whereisthatdesirablenativecountrywherethereisnodeath？Beloved，thereisnothingneareryouatthismomentthanparadise，ifyouinclinethatway。Godbeckonsyoubackintoparadiseatthismoment，andcallsyoubynametocome。Come，Hesays，andbeoneofMyparadisechildren。

Inparadise，’theTeutonicPhilosophergoeson，’thereisnothingbutheartylove，ameekandagentlelove；amostfriendlyandmostcourteousdiscourse:agracious，amiable，andblessedsociety，wheretheoneisalwaysgladtoseetheother，andtohonourtheother。Theyknowofnomaliceinparadise，nocunning，nosubtlety，andnoslydeceit。ButthefruitsoftheSpiritofGodarecommonamongtheminparadise，andonemaymakeuseofallthegoodthingsofparadisewithoutcausingdisfavour，orhatred，orenvy，forthereisnocontraryaffectionthere，butallheartsthereareknittogetherinlove。Inparadisetheyloveoneanother，andrejoiceinthebeauty，loveliness，andgladnessofoneanother。Nooneesteemsoraccountshimselfmoreexcellentthananotherinparadise；buteveryonehasgreatjoyinanother，andrejoicesinanother’sfairbeauty，whencetheirlovetooneanothercontinuallyincreases，sothattheyleadoneanotherbythehand，andsofriendlykissoneanother。’ThustheblessedBehmensawparadiseandhaditinhisheartashesatoverhishammerandlapstoneinhissolitarystall。ForofsuchasJacobBehmenandJohnBunyanisthekingdomofheaven，andallsuchsaintlysoulshaveparadiserestoredagainandimproveduponintheirownhearts。

4。Andforlargenessaplacesocopiousastocontainalltheworld。Overagainsttheword’copious’Bunyanhangsforakey，Ecclesiastesthirdandeleventh；andunderitMissPeacockaddsthisasanote——’Copious，spacious。OldFrench，copieux；Latin，copiosus，plentiful。’Thehumanheart，aswehavealreadyreadto-

night，isthehighest，greatest，strongest，andnoblestpartofhumannature。Andsoitis。Fearfullyandwonderfullymadeasisthewholeofhumannature，thatfearandthatwondersurpassthemselvesinthespaciousnessandthecopiousnessofthehumanheart。Forwhatisitthatthehumanhearthasnotspacefor，andtospare？Afterthewholeworldisreceivedhomeintoahumanheart，thereisroom，and，indeed，hunger，foranotherworld，andafterthatforstillanother。Thesunis——Iforgethowmanytimesbiggerthanourwholeworld，andyetwecanopenourheartandtakedownthesunintoit，andshuthimoutagainandrestorehimtohisimmeasurabledistancesintheheavens，andallinthetwinklingofaneye。Asforinstance。AsIwrotetheselinesIreadareportofalecturebySirRobertBallinwhichthatdistinguishedastronomerdiscoursedonrecentsolardiscoveries。Aglobeofcoal，SirRobertsaid，asbigasourearth，andallsetablazeatthesamemoment，wouldnotgiveoutsomuchheattotheworldsaroundasthesungivesoutinathousandthpartofasecond。